硫化活性剂Z-311在轮胎胶料中的应用

研究了硫化活性剂Ｚ－３１１在轮胎胶料中的应用效果。试验结果表明,加入２份硫化活性剂Ｚ－３１１可以降低胶料的门尼粘主菜利一专科有效加料的加工性能,可提高硫化胶的３００％定伸应力和硬度,降低因特里奇生热,改善耐热老化性能,明显提高轮胎的成品性能,延长轮胎的使用寿命。     

硫化活化剂Z-311在胎面胶中的应用

进行了国产硫化活化剂Ｚ－３１１在胎面胶中的应用试验。结果表明,加入２份硫化活化剂Ｚ－３１１的胎面胶胶料,压缩疲劳温升明显下降,３００％定伸应力和硬度增大,耐磨性提高,耐热老化性能变化,在高温硫化条件下仍保持较好的物理性能。     

抗硫化返原剂ZD-5在工程机械轮胎胎面胶中的应用

试验研究抗硫化返原剂ZD-5在工程机械轮胎胎面胶中的应用.结果表明,在工程机械轮胎胎面胶中加入抗硫化返原剂ZD-5,可以降低胶料的门尼粘度,延长门尼焦烧时间和t90,改善胶料的抗硫化返原性能,提高硫化胶的硬度、300%定伸应力和耐疲劳性能,成品轮胎胎面胶的物理性能超过国家标准要求.     

用硫化返原率曲线表征胶料的抗硫化返原性能

提出用硫化返原率曲线表征胶料的抗硫化返原性能的观点。硫化返原率曲线可以清晰地反映胶料的硫化返原过程和准确表征其抗硫化返原性能，可以作为抗硫化返原剂或胶料的特征曲线；不同抗硫化返原剂的作用机理决定了它们的抗硫化返原效果及其应用场合。     

抗硫化返原剂WK-901在工程机械轮胎胎面胶中的应用

介绍抗硫化返原剂WK-901在工程机械轮胎胎面胶中的应用。结果表明:在工程机械轮胎胎面胶中加入0.75份抗硫化返原剂WK-901,胶料的拉伸强度、拉断伸长率和撕裂强度增大,抗硫化返原性能和耐热老化性能显著提高,成品轮胎的使用寿命明显延长。     

抗硫化返原剂BCI对NR胶料性能的影响

将自制的4,4′-N,N′-二苯甲烷双柠康酰亚胺(BCI)用作抗硫化返原剂,研究其对NR胶料性能的影响,并与抗硫化返原剂PK900进行对比。结果表明,BCI具有与PK900相近的抗硫化返原性能,与未加抗硫化返原剂的胶料相比,加入BCI的胶料ML和MH减小,t10和t90变化不大;硫化胶的定伸应力和拉伸强度增大,拉断伸长率减小。裂解气相色谱分析表明,BCI在NR硫化返原过程中形成了新的C—C交联键。     

耐热硫化活性剂SL—273的应用研究

研究了锌皂类耐热硫化活性剂SL-273在天然橡胶中的应用效果。结果表明：在配方中使用SL-273,胶料的抗硫化返原性良好,并能有效提高抗热氧老化性能。     

抗硫化返原剂在全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用试验

研究4种抗硫化返原剂在全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用。结果表明:添加多功能交联剂WY988胶料的硫黄用量减小,加工安全性能、抗硫化返原性能、物理性能和耐磨性能好,生热低,弹性模量(G′)大;添加抗硫化返原剂WK901,PK900和VIVA77胶料的抗硫化返原性能依次降低,G′依次减小;添加抗硫化返原剂对胶料滚动阻力影响不大。     

抗硫化返原剂在全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用

研究抗硫化返原剂WK901,WY988和KA9188在全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用。结果表明:在胎面胶中加入抗硫化返原剂WK901,胶料的抗硫化返原性能和耐老化性能最好;加入抗硫化返原剂WY988和KA9188,胶料的定伸应力、弹性和耐疲劳性能提高,生热和滚动阻力降低。     

抗硫化返原剂SR534对NR胶料性能的影响

试验研究抗硫化返原剂SR534对NR胶料性能的影响.并与抗硫化返原剂PK900进行对比.结果表明,抗硫化返原剂SR534用量不超过2份时,NR胶料的MH、焦烧时间和t90变化不大;随着抗硫化返原剂SR534用量的增大,NR胶料的硫化返原率减小,抗硫化返原性能提高.抗硫化返原剂SR534和PK900用量相同时,SR534的抗硫化返原性能优于PK900;胶料过硫化至60 min时,二者均能使NR硫化胶保持较高的物理性能.     

新型塑解剂Z-230在NR胶料中的应用

研究新型塑解剂Z-230在NR胶料中的应用效果。试验结果表明，应用塑解剂Z-230，可有效降低NR塑炼胶的门尼粘度，增大塑炼胶的塑性，缩短塑炼时间，减小密炼机能耗，对NR胶料硫化特性、硫化胶物理性能及轮胎成品性能无不利影响。     

Nano ZnO as cure activator and reinforcing filler in natural rubber

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles of size 20–90 nm and surface area 9.56 m²/g were synthesized from ZnCl₂ and Chitosan and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Natural rubber (NR) vulcanizates containing nano ZnO was prepared by mill mixing and characterized by SEM, energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDAX), and HRTEM. Cure characteristics, free volume studies, bound rubber, crosslink density, and dynamic mechanical properties were evaluated and compared with that of NR vulcanizate containing conventional micro ZnO. Considering the cure characteristics, it was found that NR vulcanizate with 0.5 phr (parts per 100 g rubber) of nano ZnO showed low values of optimum cure time (t₉₀) and very high cure rate index compared with 5 phr of conventional micro ZnO. The study shows that micro ZnO can be successfully replaced with nano ZnO for accelerated sulfur vulcanization process in NR, and preparation of vulcanizate containing nano ZnO with better properties as that of micro ZnO. The optimum dosage of nano ZnO as a cure activator in NR vulcanization was found to be 0.5 phr compared with conventional grade micro ZnO. This will lead to substantial cost reduction in the manufacture of rubber products and alleviate environmental pollution due to excess ZnO in rubber compounds. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013 © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Z-18抗焦活化剂在重油催化裂化装置上的应用

介绍了Z-18抗焦活化剂在中国石油大连石化公司重油催化裂化装置中的应用,分析了Z-18抗焦活化剂的作用机理,考察了抗焦活化剂的加注对于装置产品液收率和焦炭产率的影响.结果表明,Z-18抗焦活化剂能有效地维持催化剂的活性,明显减少焦炭生成,改善产品分布.     

Role of geopolymer as a cure activator in sulfur vulcanization of epoxidized natural rubber

Geopolymer (GP) was synthesized and used as activators in sulfur vulcanization of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR). Influences of GP on cure characteristics, crosslink density, mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties were investigated and compared to the conventional rubber formulation with ZnO activator. The ZnO is a hazardous chemical for the environment and has proclaimed that its application in rubber technology should be reduced and controlled. It was found that the GP-activated ENR compounds showed significantly higher vulcanization rate than cases with the conventional ZnO compound. This was indicated by the GP activated compounds having shorter scorch time, cure times, and lower activation energy but higher cure rate index (CRI). Also, the GP activated ENR compounded with stearic acid exhibited the highest conversion. This matches well the highest torque difference and crosslink density, observed by temperature scanning stress relaxation (TSSR) and swelling measurements. Furthermore, the GP-activated vulcanizate had better thermal stability than the ZnO-activated ENR material. In addition, the GP-activated ENR vulcanizate with stearic acid exhibited high 100% moduli, tensile strength, and hardness. This proves that GP has a high potential for use as activators in sulfur vulcanization of rubber compounds, as an alternative to the conventional ZnO. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48624.     

Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles as cure activator on the properties of natural rubber and nitrile rubber

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by homogeneous precipitation and calcination method and were then characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction analysis. Synthesized ZnO was found to have no impurity and had a dimension ranging from 30–70 nm with an average of 50 nm. The effect of these ZnO nanoparticles as cure activator was studied for the first time in natural rubber (NR) and nitrile rubber (NBR) and compared with conventional rubber grade ZnO with special reference to mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties. From the rheograph, the maximum torque value was found to increase for both NR and NBR compounds containing ZnO nanoparticles. ZnO nanoparticles were found to be more uniformly dispersed in the rubber matrix in comparison with the conventional rubber grade ZnO as evident from scanning electron microscopy/X‐ray dot mapping analysis. The tensile strength was observed to improve by 80% for NR when ZnO nanoparticles were used as cure activator instead of conventional rubber grade ZnO. An improvement of 70% was observed in the case of NBR. The glass transition temperature (T_g) showed a positive shift by 6°C for both NR and NBR nanocomposites, which indicated an increase in crosslinking density. The swelling ratio was found to decrease in the case of both NR and NBR, and volume fraction of rubber in swollen gel was observed to increase, which supported the improvement in mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

纳米氧化锌在橡胶中的作用机理及应用

根据无机配合剂在橡胶中的分散形态，研究纳米氧化锌在橡胶中的作用机理及其对胶料性能的影响。在硫化过程中氧化锌作为活性剂与有机促进剂、硬脂酸、硫黄等的反应发生在氧化锌粒子的表面。以纳米氧化锌等量替代普通问接法氧化锌，可提高硫化胶的300％定伸应力和耐磨性，减小压缩永久变形，降低压缩疲劳温升；以纳米氧化锌减量50％替代间接法氧化锌，仍可保证硫化胶的性能要求。     

Z-18抗焦活化剂在苏丹炼厂重催装置上的应用

介绍了Z–18催化分子筛抗焦活化剂在苏丹喀土穆炼油有限公司重油催化裂化装置（简称KRC）上的工业应用。应用结果表明,该剂在以通过调节催化裂化剂酸性中心为主的机理下使催化剂反应活性得以有效维持,从而减小了催化剂表面结焦,改善了产品分布及产品质量。     

Effect of surface‐modified zinc oxide as cure activator on the properties of a rubber compound based on NR/SBR

Zinc oxide (ZnO) and nano‐zinc oxide (nZnO) were surface modified by polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly propylene glycol (PPG). Modification of particles were controlled by transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer, Emmett, Teller specific surface area measurement, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. IR spectra were shown that the interactions between surface modifiers and particles are hydrogen bonding. Modified particles were applied as an activator in vulcanization of natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber (NR/SBR) blend. Dispersion of modified particles in rubber matrix was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and shown good results. Blend properties were improved by using modified particles. These improvements were due to the better hydrophobicity of modified particles, which were more compatible with nonpolar rubber matrix and caused better participation in curing process. Modification by PEG and PPG were shown better compound properties for ZnO and nZnO, respectively. Application of ZnO‐modified particles were presented better compound properties in comparison with nZnO‐modified particles. It has confirmed more effective mixing of ZnO‐modified particles in rubber matrix by using ordinary mixers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

功能材料HPS在橡胶中的应用研究

探讨功能材料HPS(富镁粘土矿石制成)替代几种补强填充剂在橡胶中的应用效果。在NR和NBR中，HPS等量替代轻质碳酸钙可提高硫化胶的强伸和耐油性能，等量替代沉淀法白炭黑或炭黑N774可改善硫化胶的耐热老化和耐油性能及降低胶料成本；在氟橡胶中，HPS等量替代氟化钙可提高硫化胶的耐变形、耐高温和耐标准油性能，显降低胶料成本；在SBR／NR并用胶中，HPS等量替代硫酸钡或沉淀法白炭黑可提高硫化胶的拉伸强度和耐碱性能。     

发光颜料在硅橡胶中的应用

将发光颜料用于硅橡胶中制备发光硅橡胶制品。研究发光颜料粒径、用量及染色颜料对发光硅橡胶制品辉度的影响。结果表明。发光颜料的粒径越大，硅橡胶制品辉度也越大，但物理性能受到影响；采用PI，O-7c发光颜料可得到综合性能较好的制品；发光颜料的用量以10份为宜；为了染色而使用的染色颜料应尽量采用透明性颜料，且应尽量减小用量以减少对发光颜料的遮盖。