Effect of Y2O3 and Sm2O3 on Sintering and Mechanical Behaviors of Alumina Ceramics

The effects of Y2O3 and Sm2O3 doping on the sintering temperature, microstructure and mechanical behaviors of Al2O3 ceramics were investigated. The experimental results show that the sintering temperature can be decreased and the mechanical behavior can be improved by adding rare earth in alumina ceramics. The relative density of rare-earthdoped alumina ceramics reaches 98.8% after sintering at 1600 ℃ for 2 h, and its bending strength and fracture toughness reach 439 MPa and 5.28 MPa·m1/2,respectively.Introduction of Y2O3 and Sm2O3 in Al2O3 can restrain the growth of grains, refine the size of grains, and thus form a fine-grained structure. The fracture characteristic is the mixed modes of intergranular and transgranular fracture.     

Al2O3含量对ZrO2/Al2O3陶瓷材料微观结构和力学性能的影响

以陶瓷纺织剪刀为应用目标。开发成功ZrO2／Al2O3复相陶瓷材料，并对其微观结构和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明。随着Al2O3含量的增加，材料晶粒逐渐减小，材料中t相ZrO2的含量呈上升趋势。这有利于材料断裂韧度和横向断裂强度的提高；当Al2O3含量（质量分数）为20％左右时，ZrCh／Al2O3复相陶瓷材料的综合力学性能最佳。     

Effects of Y2O3 on Thermal Shock of Al2O3／TiCN Composites

Advancedstructuralceramics ,suchasoxides ,nitridesandcarbides ,havebecomepreferredrefracto rymaterialsforaviation ,spaceflight ,energyandmet allurgybecauseoftheirchemicalstability ,creepresis tanceandhightemperaturestrength .Buttheyareaf fectedgreatlybyte…     

Effect of Rare Earths on Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of Si3N4-based Ceramics

Si3N4-hased ceramics exhibit excellentproperties such as high strength, high corro..sion resistance, high fire resisting property andhigh thermal shock resistance. However, up tonow, the application of St3N4-based ceramicsis still limited by their poor ductility, lowtoughness and stability. Adding fiber or whisher into ceramic matrix is a useful tougheningmethod, but fiber and whisker are costly and itis difficult to homogenize them in ceramic matrix. Furthermore, ceramic powders can not fill…     

Strengthening and Toughening Effect of Yttrium on Al2O3/TiCN Ceramic Tool Material

Modern ceramic cutting tool materials with their excellent physical, mechanical properties and cutting performances promote greatly the development of metal cutting technology.Therefore, they are one of the most promising cutting tool materials in the coming Zlst century["'l. however, the intrinsic brittleness is a fatal weakness for ceramic tool materials. In order to reduce the brittleness and to increase the strength and the fracture toughness of the cutting tool materials, various research…     

WC含量对TiCN-HfN金属陶瓷刀具材料微观组织和力学性能的影响

采用热压烧结技术制备了TiCN-HfN-WC金属陶瓷刀具材料, 研究了WC含量(质量分数)对金属陶瓷刀具材料微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明: TiCN-HfN-32%WC金属陶瓷刀具材料由TiCN、(Ti, Hf, W)(C, N)、WC和MoNi组成, 材料中还含有极少量的(Ti, Mo, W)(C, N)固溶体, 材料内部形成了网状骨架结构。随着添加WC质量分数的增加, 材料中晶粒粒度降低, 添加WC可抑制材料中TiCN晶粒的生长, 起到细化TiCN晶粒的作用; 材料的相对密度、硬度和断裂韧度都具有先增大后减小的变化趋势, 材料的抗弯强度逐渐增大。当WC质量分数为32%时, 材料具有相对较好的综合力学性能, 其硬度为20.2GPa, 断裂韧度为7.1MPa·m1/2, 抗弯强度为1581.3MPa。     

Transformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Al2O3/ZrO2(2Y) Ceramic Composites

The content of zirconia has a remarkable influerce on transformation behavior and mechanical properties of Al2O3/ZrO2 (2Y) composites. When 15% and 20% ZrO2(2Y) was added to Al2O3, the bending strength and fracture of the content of ZrO2 (2Y) on transformation and mechanical properties was investigated. The changes of m-ZrO2 and t-ZrO2 phases content before and after fracture were measured by X-ray diffraction quantitative phase analysis, It is shown that improvement in bending strength and fracture toughness of the Al2O3/ ZrO2 (2Y) composites is due to the phase transformation toughening mechanism of ZrO2 (2Y) and thermal expansion mismatch.     

Mechanical Behaviors of ZrO2-Al2O3 Ceramic Composites with Y2O3 as Stabilizer

Forlongthebrittlenessofceramicmaterialshasstoodinthewayofindustrialapplicationanddevelop ment.However ,inrecentyears ,suchprogressasthephasetransformationtougheningofzirconia ,thedis persionofparticletougheningandthefiberorwhiskertougheninghavewellimprove…     

热旋锻变形对TiCN强化ASP30粉末冶金高速钢的组织及性能研究

采用粉末冶金法制备TiCN强化ASP30粉末冶金高速钢棒料,研究TiCN及旋锻变形量对ASP30高速钢力学性能与显微组织的影响,并研究其摩擦磨损行为。结果表明,添加质量分数5%的TiCN可明显提高ASP30的耐磨性。旋锻变形量为56%的ASP30+5%TiCN合金棒料经淬火-回火处理后,抗弯强度达到4084.99 N?mm?2,抗冲击韧性达到14.55 J?cm?2,相较于未旋锻态,其强韧性得到明显提升。在反复径向旋锻变形作用下,TiCN硬质相明显破碎,呈弥散颗粒状分布,且旋锻可以促进TiCN生成核壳结构,硬质相与基体之间的润湿性与结合能力得到提高,抑制了磨削过程中硬质相/基体间裂纹的产生。     

Physicochemical Processes of Fabricating Ceramic Materials Based on Nanopowders of Zirconium,Yttrium, Cerium,and Aluminum Oxides

When studying nanoceramics, it is necessary to constantly keep in mind the closest interrelation of their fabrication method, structure, and properties. Nanoceramic materials are used in various branches of technology as structural and functional materials. Nanoceramics are also widely used in medicine. They are harmless, stable, and have great affinity to living organisms. ZrO2-based nanoceramics have a lower elastic modulus than other oxide materials. The specificity of their application lies in their high rupture strength, thermal shock resistance, and chemical stability at high temperatures. However, it is necessary to solve the problem of increasing the fracture toughness of ZrO2-based ceramic materials. The complex alloying of ZrO2 with yttrium and cerium oxides and the use of the Al2O3 additive leads to an increase in the fracture toughness and lowering of the negative effect of materials in the biological medium. In this work, the physicochemical properties of ceramic powders and materials of the ZrO2–2Y2O3–4CeO2–Al2O3 system synthesized by the chemical deposition of inorganic precursors when applying the sol-gel technology are considered based on scientific data and experimental studies. Alloying pure zirconium oxide by stabilizing Y2O3 and CeO2 oxides and thermal hardening of Al2O3 ensure the conservation of the tetragonal structure at room temperature, which makes it possible to retard and control the crack resistance of the material under the load. Investigations into the influence of the sintering temperature and aluminum oxide content on the microstructure and grain size, as well as physicomechanical properties of ceramic materials of compositions ZrO2–2Y2O3–4CeO2 + 1 wt % Al2O3 and ZrO2–2Y2O3–4CeO2 + 3 wt % Al2O3, are carried out.     

微米／纳米Ti（C,N）基金属陶瓷刀具材料的研制

系统研究了添加纳米级Al2O3的含量对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷力学性能和显微结构的影响。结果表明:纳米Al2O3的添加可大幅提高Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的力学性能,特别是硬度和断裂韧性明显提高,克服了Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷硬度较低的缺点,扩大了其应用范围。通过对微观结构观察和分析,可以看出,纳米Al2O3的添加细化了基体的晶粒,主要断裂模式为穿晶断裂,晶粒的细化和断裂模式的改变是材料力学性能提高的主要原因。     

高能球磨制备WC/Al2O3-Cr-Mo-Ni金属陶瓷及其组织和力学性能

以亚微米级WC粉、Al2O3粉、Cr粉、Mo粉与Ni粉为原料,采用高能球磨+热压工艺制备WC/Al2O3-Cr-Mo-Ni金属陶瓷材料,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)分析材料的物相组成和显微组织结构以及断裂方式,研究粘结相Ni和陶瓷相Al2O3的含量(均为质量分数)对该材料力学性能和微观结构的影响。研究表明:金属陶瓷的抗弯强度及断裂韧性随Ni含量增加而提高,随Al2O3含量增加而降低,硬度的变化趋势则相反。当Ni含量为7%、Al2O3含量为10%时,该金属陶瓷具有良好的综合性能,抗弯强度为567 MPa,断裂韧性为7.46(MPa.m1/2),维氏硬度为15.24 GPa,基本达到现用模具材料的水平。随着Ni含量增加,金属陶瓷的断裂方式由沿晶断裂向沿晶断裂与穿晶断裂相混合的方式转变。     

添加ZrO2对Si3N4复合陶瓷材料力学性能的影响

通过无压烧结制备了ZrO2-Si3N4复合陶瓷材料,并以排水法、SEM和DDL100型万能拉伸机进行表征。研究了ZrO2含量对Si3N4陶瓷的致密度、显微结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着ZrO2含量的增加,Si3N4陶瓷致密度增加;抗弯强度和断裂韧性先增大后减小,当ZrO2含量达到10%时,Si3N4的抗弯强度和断裂韧性同时达到最大值,分别为362MPa和7.0MPa.m1/2。ZrO2增韧Si3N4陶瓷的机制为应力诱导相变。     

Effect of Y2O3 and Dy2O3 on Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviors of Aluminum Nitride Ceramics

The effects of two types of additives, Y2O3 and Dy2O3, on the sintering and mechanical behaviors of AlN ceramics were investigated. The experimental results show that the sintering temperature can be decreased and the mechanical behavior can be improved by adding rare earth in AlN ceramics. The strength of AlN ceramics with Y2O3 and Dy2O3 are 326 and 320 MPa, respectively, which are 97.6% and 93.9% higher than the un-doped AlN ceramics. The fracture behavior on the fracture surfaces of rare earth oxide AlN ceramics was found to be a mixed mode of transgranular fracture and intergranular fracture. As a result, it is concluded that the improvement of bending strength of AlN ceramics with Y2O3 and Dy2O3 addition are mainly achieved by strengthening the grain boundary.     

掺杂不同质量分数Y_2O_3、MgO对Al_2O_3陶瓷显微结构及介电性能的影响

利用放电等离子烧结技术制备了不同质量分数Y_2O_3单独掺杂及不同质量分数Y_2O_3、MgO共同掺杂的Al_2O_3陶瓷,研究了烧结助剂掺杂质量分数对Al_2O_3陶瓷显微结构及介电性能的影响。结果表明,孔隙率是影响Al_2O_3陶瓷介电性能的主要因素;单独掺杂质量分数为0.25% Y_2O_3时,Al_2O_3陶瓷得到最优的介电性能,介电常数(ε_r)为9.5±0.2,介质损耗(tanδ)稳定在10~(-3)数量级以内;同时掺杂Y_2O_3和MgO能进一步改善其介电性能,当两者质量分数均为0.25%时,得到最优值,介电常数(ε_r)为10.3±0.2,介质损耗(tanδ)稳定在8×10~(-4)以下。     

氧化铝基氧化物/氧化物复合材料的合成与评价

Al2O3 matrix oxide/oxide composites containing rod-like Ba-β-Al2O3 and equiaxed ZrO2 particles have been successfully synthesized by an in-situ process from a mixture of Al2O3 and BaZrO3 powders.The long-axis direction of rod-like Ba-β-Al2O3 phase is parallel to ,while the longitudinal interface between Ba-β-Al2O3 phase and Al2O3 matrix is parallel to(0001) of the Ba-β-Al2O3 phase.The mechanical properties of the composites,such as Vickers hardness and fracture toughness,are enhanced with increasing the sintering temperature.Furthermore,the presence of rod-like Ba-β-Al2O3 particles results in enhancement of fracture toughness of the in-situ synthesized composites due to crack deflection and crack bridging.     

Effects of Sintering Additives on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Hot-Pressed α-SiC Ceramics

In this work, α-SiC ceramics with aluminum or yttria sintering additives ranging from 1.0 to 4.0 wt pct were prepared by hot pressing, and the effect of sintering additives on the microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC ceramics was investigated. Specimens with Al additive exhibited fully dense microstructure with relative density > 99.4 pct. However, the relative density of specimens with Y₂O₃ decreases constantly from 99.5 to 95.7 pct as Y₂O₃ content increases, which is possibly due to the formation of gaseous phase and evaporation of volatile compounds resulting from the chemical reaction between SiC matrix and Y₂O₃ additive. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectra results showed that Al addition leads to the transformation from 6H to 4H polytypes, and the transformation degree increases as increasing the Al content, while no obvious polytype transformation is observed for specimens with Y₂O₃ additive. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations revealed that specimens with Y₂O₃ are composed of equiaxed grains with average size about 1.0 μm, whereas the specimens with Al additive exhibit larger grain size with partly elongated grain structure. Additionally, it is found that the grain growth of specimens with Al addition is accompanied by the polytype transformation. Further analysis revealed that, for specimens with Al additive, enhanced grain size and formation of elongated of SiC grains lead to an improvement in fracture toughness from 5.7 to 7.1 MPa m^1/2 but a slight decline in flexural strength from 706 to 632 MPa. The crack deflection and bridging as well as undesirable stress effects related to the large elongated grains are responsible for the variation in mechanical properties. In the case of SiC sintered with Y₂O₃, there are obvious declines in flexural strength and fracture toughness from 714 to 492 MPa and from 5.9 to 3.4 MPa m^1/2, respectively, which are mainly attributed to the increased porosity. The impact of Al and Y₂O₃ on the microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC ceramics was discussed.

     

Si3N4基微米/纳米复合陶瓷微观组织

用扫描电镜和透射电镜研究纳米粉成分和含量对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４基纳米复合陶瓷组织的影响。ＳｉＣ（ｎ）／Ｓｉ３Ｎ４（μ）或Ｓｉ３Ｎ４（ｎ）／Ｓｉ３Ｎ４（μ）复合陶瓷的微观组织随纳米ＳｉＣ（ｎ）或Ｓｉ３Ｎ４（ｎ）含量的增加,基体组织逐渐变细。     

Y2O3含量对钼合金组织和性能的影响

采用粉末冶金方法制备含Y2O3的稀土钼合金,利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、能谱分析(EDS)等手段对钼合金的断裂特征和组织结构进行对比分析,研究稀土氧化物Y2O3含量对钼合金组织和性能的影响.研究表明:添加Y2O3能细化晶粒、改善钼合金的晶粒均匀性和致密度、提高钼合金的性能:拉伸强度和屈服强度随Y2O3含量的增加呈现先增高后降低的趋势,在Y2O3含量为1％时,抗拉强度达511.43MPa,屈服强度456.99MPa,分别是纯钼材料的1.31倍和1.57倍,综合力学性能最佳;在烧结坯中,Y2O3颗粒分布均匀,主要以球形和等轴状形式存在于晶界上.     

Rare earth doped CaCu_3Ti_4O_(12) electronic ceramics for high frequency applications

Ca1-xRxCu3Ti4O12(R=La,Y,Gd;x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3) electronic ceramics were fabricated by conventional solid-state reaction method.The microstructure and dielectric properties as well as impedance behavior were carefully investigated.XRD results showed that the secondary phases with the general formula R2Ti2O7 existed at grain boundaries of rare earth doped ceramics,which inhibited abnormal grain growth.The dielectric constant decreased from 4×105 in pure CaCu3Ti4O12(CCTO) ceramics to 2×103 with rare earth doping.However,all samples showed high dielectric constant in broad frequency range(10 MHz).The cutoff frequency(f0) was remarkably shifted to higher frequency from 13 MHz(pure CCTO ceramics) to 80 MHz(Gd-doped CCTO ceramics).Meanwhile,the dielectric loss tangent rapidly decreased approximately 10 times.These improvements of dielectric properties by rare earth doping are very useful in wide frequency chip capacitor and LTCC devices.