基于压电陶瓷的超精密进给系统的设计与分析

超精密进给系统是保证零件尺寸加工精度的重要因素.文中以压电陶瓷作为驱动器构建了微位移机构,讨论了系统的总体结构,研究和分析了系统模型和控制方法,通过实验计算得到前馈控制模型数据,并在此基础上对超精密进给闭环控制系统进行方案设计.最后进行了超精密进给系统在磨床上的应用及其性能测试,并对实验结果进行了分析.     

面向超精密磨削的压电陶瓷驱动微进给控制系统

介绍了一种最新开发的面向精密磨床的压电陶瓷驱动微进给控制系统,该系统是一个驱动、检测和补偿为一体的闭环系统。文章详细描述了控制系统工作原理和基本实现方法。     

微进给系统在磨床加工中的应用与研究

根据磨床精密加工的需要,为补偿精密磨床砂轮的振动对加工精度的影响,在原有数控磨床的基础上设计了微进给工作台和基于信号处理及特殊算法的闭环控制系统.该闭环系统应用于对压电陶瓷致动器的控制,并且在此基础上进行了磨削加工实验.实验数据结果表明,零件加工精度在1 μm左右,满足零件精密加工的要求.     

高速数控磨床的设计及控制系统分析

利用PMAC（Programmable Multi-Axis Controller）-PC作为核心控制器,设计集成了一台新型高速精密磨床.该磨床选用陶瓷球轴承电主轴作为高速主轴系统,利用直线电机作为高速精密进给系统.通过直线电机的定位精度实验及高速磨削电主轴振动实验研究,以及控制系统的仿真分析,证明了该集成系统的可行性.     

基于机器视觉技术的复合精密驱动与控制系统

提出了一种基于机器视觉技术的精密机械加工与控制系统。利用步进电机-丝杠机构在大行程上的优势和压电驱动器具有微小精密位移的特点，构造了三自由度精密机械加工系统，解决了精密加工时既要求有较大行程的粗位移进给，又要求加工末端精密进给的需求；控制系统采用机器视觉和计算机数字图像处理技术相结合，通过CCD图像数据采集、图像匹配和模式识别实时测控目标距离与位移，完成精密定位与进给的可视化控制和操作过程。该系统可应用于现代精密加工和制造中。     

基于PMAC时基控制的椭圆形零件的高速精密磨削

文章就实现椭圆形零件的高速高精密磨削的问题,提出了采用PMAC时基控制的实验方法.用开放式控制器PMAC对机床高速进给单元及电主轴进行控制,并以此集成了一套磨床数控系统.以磨削椭圆形零件为例,在此磨床上进行了椭圆形零件的磨削加工,得出了良好的实验结果,为解决非圆零件精密磨削提供了一种实用方法.     

超精密平面磨削0.1μm微量进给装置的实验研究

微量进给可满足可延性磨削的要求,微量进给装置采用压电陶瓷作为控制元件,通过调节空气轴承供气压力,实现超精密平面磨削０．０１μｍ的微进给量,实验表明该装置可用于磨床导轨误差的缓进给补偿控制中。     

精密磨床辅助工件平台的设计

为补偿精密磨床砂轮的振动对加工精度的影响，设计了一台作为磨床辅助进给装置的微进给工件平台。该工作平台采用压电陶瓷作为驱动机构，弹性铰链作为预紧机构。为了避免压电陶瓷驱动器受到弯矩的作用，在压电陶瓷驱动器的顶部和动平台之间加了一个球形接头。利用弹性铰链的预紧力，实现驱动器和动平台之间的赫兹接触。高精度的电容式位移传感器用来测量动平台的实际输出并形成反馈控制系统。为了消除压电陶瓷的迟、蠕变等非线性，采用了非线性PID控制算法来实现微进给平台的实时控制。采用跟踪微分器对信号进行跟踪并得到其微分信号，提高了控制系统的鲁棒性。通过计算机仿真了所设计的微进给平台的特性和闭环控制算法的有效性。     

面向超精密加工的压电陶瓷驱动微进给系统的控制实现

介绍了一种最新开发的面向精密加工机床的压电陶瓷驱动微进给控制系统,该系统是一个集驱动、检测和补偿为一体的闭环系统。文章详细描述了控制系统的工作原理、基本功能组成和软硬件设计要点及其基本实现方法。     

超精密平面磨削0.01μm微量进给装置的实验研究

微量进给可满足可延性磨削的要求,微量进给装置采用压电陶瓷作为控制元件,通过调节空气轴承供气压力,实现超精密平面磨削０．０１μｍ的微进给量,实验表明该装置可用于磨床导轨误差的缓进给补偿控制中。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.