基于重叠线圈结构的花样组织工艺研究

为在传统毛衫类产品的组织结构基础上有所突破或创新，开发两种具有重叠线圈结构的新式花样组织工艺的编织方法，包括：立体交叠复合结构工艺和弧形罗纹叠片结构工艺。采用电脑横机相对针床使线圈移动或翻转，通过绘制工艺图和结构图，分析重叠线圈结构组织工艺的编织方法。结果表明：该研究是在常规电脑毛衫组织结构基础上的一次延伸和创新，所编组织结构具有新颖时尚、立体感强的特点。增加毛衫产品花色品种的同时，也能够为毛衫组织结构开发和产品设计人员提供帮助和参考。     

小麦籽粒机械特性对制粉工艺的影响

深入研究小麦籽粒组织结构与小麦着水调质后组织结构与力学特性的变化规律。充分利用水分调质手段，对小麦各组织结构与力学特性进行控制，保证小麦各组织结构机械特性的适应性，有利于提高面粉出品率、保证产品质量、降低碳排放。     

纬编针织组织结构的视觉效应

针织组织结构一般从工艺技术角度进行分类，本文从空间维度的外观视觉角度对纬编针织组织结构进行分析研究，并提出开发组织结构新的视觉效果的方法。     

经编双针床贾卡鞋材的网孔结构研究

针对经编双针床贾卡鞋材的网孔大多由经绒组织、经平组织与编链组织构成，在网孔形状和结构形态上较单一的问题，在研究“1×8”偏移信号的双针床贾卡组织原理与特征的基础上，进一步分析贾卡鞋材的二维和三维网孔结构的变化机制，并进行一款三维网孔结构鞋材的设计与开发。首先通过分析双针床三针贾卡技术的偏移原理与贾卡延展线的编织形态，对双针床贾卡组织单元进行分类总结；再将贾卡组织单元进行有规律的搭配设计，研究不同形状和立体效应的二维和三维网孔结构的设计原理；最后通过鞋材的原料工艺设计与贾卡组织设计，在RDPJ6/2经编机上完成一款三维网孔结构贾卡鞋材的织造。结果表明：8个偏移信号的双针床贾卡提花工艺可显著提高贾卡鞋材网孔结构的多样化和立体化，提升贾卡鞋材的穿着舒适性能和外观时尚性。     

腈纶毛针织物透湿性能与其组织结构参数之间关系的探讨

本文在试验的基础上，对腈纶毛针织物的透湿性能与其组织结构之间的关系进行了探讨。通过对三种组织毛针织物的透湿性能指标与其结构参数的相关分析，以及对影响织物透湿性能的中结构参数进行逐步回归分析后，得出；腈纶毛针只物的透湿不仅取决于织物的结构参数，而且与给物的组织结构有关。     

色织产品花色设计的新思路

根据新产品设计思路，分析了色织产品的原料选择、纱线结构、组织设计技巧及后整理工艺等因素对面料花型色彩的影响，提出了原料选择多元化、纱线结构新颖化、组织结构多样化以及织物后整理功能化是色织产品的发展方向。     

灯芯绒染整企业的产品开发(二)

2．3组织结构变化 各种纤维原料的纱线，通过不同的组织结构搭配，可以生产出多种效果和多种风格的产品。同样的纱线通过不同的组合，也会形成多种产品，可满足新颖性、功能性、高质量的需求。     

事业部制组织结构模式的实践与探索

有效的组织结构是实现企业发展目标和有效管理的保证。事业部制是规模庞大，品种繁多，技术复杂的大型企业通常采用的一种组织结构。其基本原则是“集中决策、分散经营”。其主要特点和功能是相对独立，是企业的利润中心。经纬纺机按照事业部制组织结构模式的特点，整合集团内部产品资源，实现集团内部跨区域、跨各子企业的优化结构重组，产品资源优化配置。     

复合地组织电脑提花天鹅绒工艺探讨

复合地组织电脑提花天鹅绒，其绒面是由电脑彩色提花天鹅绒组成的镂花绒花型，而地组织采用变换的复合地组织结构，其结构形式是以双列一隔一成圈结构和反面平针结构相互结合组成的复合型组织，这种组织结构的优点在于既有双列一隔一成圈网格的规则几何形状，又可使因双列一隔一成圈组织存在的网格而造成的透体缺点得以弥补。文中具体介绍了其结构设计过程和上机工艺的调试，并对后整理工艺方法加以说明。     

以咨询推动二次创业（二）——记山东T纸业管理咨询项目

组织结构的本质是为了高效创造组织价值、实现组织理念与目标而确定的个体之间正式与非正式的分工与合作关系。组织结构设计对于一个组织而言，是开展价值创造的基础，它对组织最终绩效的重要性不容置疑。越来越多的现实告诫我们，即使对于同一行业中战略相近的不同企业而言，尽管有着极其相似或完全一样的组织结构，其最终所达到的效果却大相径庭，     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the