改造蒸发系统提高制盐产量

简述了利用原有的真空制盐基础设施，通过对真空制盐蒸发系统的工艺、设备进行技术改造．提高真空制盐产量的方法。     

我国真空制盐生产装备先进水平DTM综合评价法

本文论述了真空制盐生产装备先进水平ＤＴＭ综合评价法的重要性，文章先从影响因素入手．结合我国真空制盐生产现状，建立层次结构模型及综合评价体系，给出一个模糊数学模型加以定义。并采用模糊数学方法计算出我国真空制盐生产装备先进水平的综合评价值。以期能较为客观地反映、量度我国真空制盐生产装备的先进水平，并指导我国真空制盐工业的发展．     

真空制盐工业包装机械的现状与发展方向

盐的包装及设备是反映制盐工业技术水平的一个重要方面。目前，我国先进的真空制盐工艺与落后的包装并存，其水平极不相称，而且与国外真空制盐包装设备相比，相差甚远。本文通过国内外包装机械的现状及发展概况和国内外盐的包装对比分析，提出了我国真空制盐工业包装机械的发展方向。     

浅论真空制盐生产管理的可靠性节能

本文利用化工可靠性原理对真空制盐生产管理可靠性节能的必要。性、可靠性节能的方法以及影响真空制盐可靠性的主要因素等进行了分析，并初步计算了由于系统不可靠引起的能量及费用损失，说明了可靠性节能在真空制盐管理中的重大意义。     

真空制盐过程结垢与阻垢研究进展

近年来,随着真空制盐技术不断发展与进步,真空制盐产品品质不断提升,但蒸发设备结垢问题仍是制约真空制盐发展的主要因素,导致能耗升高,装置长周期运行受限.本文系统地介绍了真空制盐中蒸发设备的结垢机理以及化学法、物理法等阻垢除垢方法,综述了真空制盐过程中阻垢与除垢的研究进展,并展望了真空制盐阻垢除垢技术的前景.     

改造蒸发系统提高制盐产量

简述了利用原有的真空制盐基础设施,通过对真空制盐蒸发系统的工艺、设备进行技术改造,提高真空制盐产量.     

改造蒸发系统提高制盐产量

简述了利用原有的真空制盐基础设施,通过对真空制盐蒸发系统的工艺、设备进行技术改造,提高真空制盐产量.     

可用于真空制盐设备的抽气系统

无产阶级文化大革命以来,在我国井矿盐产区迅速推广的真空制盐技术是我国制盐工业上的重大技术革新。真空制盐的实现为真空技术在制盐工业中的应用开辟了广阔的前景,广大真空技术工作者对此感到欢欣和鼓舞,他们将高兴地与制盐战线上的同志们一起为进一步改善真空制盐设备的性能,充分发挥真空制盐的优越性作出自己应作的工作。     

真空系统工艺设计合理性的思考

真空系统是制盐生产中的关键工序，它直接影响制盐生产中的总有效温差的高低，影响单位时间内的产盐量。真空系统工艺合理，能促进整个蒸发系统运行经济．产盐量增高，各种能耗低，反之，对制盐生产危害极大。本文围绕我厂１５万，屯真空系统工艺的合理性谈几点看法。     

新型固定式沸腾干燥器在我厂成功使用

新型固定式沸腾干燥器在我厂成功使用四川省渠县盐厂朱凤江关键词：固定式沸腾干燥器，真空制盐我厂８万吨／年真空制盐装置，由自贡市井矿盐工业设计研究院设计，于１９９３年１月建成投产。制盐干燥工序的主体设备为南京革机械厂制造的ＧＺＱ６０００×１２００振动流化...     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the