高发射率陶瓷涂层可延长耐火材料的使用寿命

高发射率陶瓷涂层可有效地阻止那些通常可透过并破坏耐火材料的氧化物、气流等流体的扩散，从而提高耐火材料的使用寿命、炉温均匀性，减少能耗，经过3年的监测，高发射率陶瓷涂层被证明可减少能量消耗和提高耐火材料的使用寿命。     

乙烯裂解在线涂层中试制备及节能技术研究

对Si系复合陶瓷涂层进行中试试验研究,评价了涂层的抗结焦性能,并为该技术的节能潜力进行了展望。结果表明:涂层的组成粒子之间的结合致密,粒子直径小于1μm。涂层厚度约为10μm,涂层和金属基底之间结合良好。涂层主要由Si和O峰组成,同时含有少量S元素峰。在结焦26 h后,涂层的抑制结焦效果为38.8%。按照中试结焦试验评价结果预测,乙烯裂解炉总收益为442.62万元/年台     

高炉热风炉应用高发射率覆层的热效率诊断及节能效果分析

针对热风炉蓄热体高发射率节能覆层在山东石横特钢集团有限公司1 080 m3高炉两座热风炉上的应用,在同一高炉上已经应用和未应用覆层的热风炉进行了节能热诊断测试和热工过程定量分析和比较,对3#热风炉(无覆层)和1#热风炉(有覆层)的热量流向和热效率及热能分布情况进行了定量诊断.诊断结果表明,应用高发射率覆层的热风炉其热风温度升高25℃,废气温度降低13℃,热效率提高了5%.     

应用高发射率涂层改善燃气红外辐射器性能的研究

分析了提高燃气红外辐射器表面辐射性能的途径,提出在燃气红外辐射器多孔陶瓷板表面应用高发射率涂层改善辐射器性能。选择涂料并制作了涂层。对比实验获得的数据,采用高发射率涂层的陶瓷板板面温度下降10～60℃,可增大灶具调节范围,烟气中CO含量大大降低,NOx含量减少4.9×10-6,改善了燃气灶具的燃烧性能,所选带氧化铁涂层燃气热效率为63.6%～65.4%,较原燃气灶提高2%。测试数据表明应用高发射率涂层可以提高燃气红外辐射器的热效率,改善燃气红外辐射器的燃烧性能。     

Sol-gel法制备ZAO薄膜及其红外发射率的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺在石英玻璃基底上制备了ZAO(掺铝氧化锌)薄膜,系统研究了各工艺参数,如溶胶浓度、Al掺杂量及热处理温度对其结构和性能的影响.XRD分析结果表明,ZAO薄膜具有ZnO晶体结构并具有沿(002)晶面择优生长的特性.SEM结果显示,所制薄膜的晶粒尺寸约为50 nm,浸涂1次溶胶所得薄膜的厚度约为2.6μm.溶胶浓度为0.3 mol.L-1,掺杂Al为3 at.%的薄膜试样在700℃热处理后,8~14μm波段的平均红外发射率降至0.568.     

超音速等离子-感应复合技术制备高铝铜合金涂层特性

为了探讨超音速等离子-感应重熔复合技术制备粗粉高铝铜合金材料涂层的能力以及所制备涂层的特点,采用超音速等喷涂预制涂层,采用高频感应加热对涂层重熔处理,研究了该复合技术制备涂层的微观组织结构特征和界面结合状态.结果发现:粗粉高铝铜合金粉体超音速等离子喷涂层氧化严重,尤其在界面处聚集了大量的氧化物,使涂层和基体不能实现有效结合,涂层中较多的氧化和孔隙,隔离了层流片的熔结,并且涂层成分偏析严重.经过感应重熔后的涂层组织细小均匀,大量的氧化物排出,涂层和基体实现了冶金结合,同时感应加热使涂层成分分布更加均匀.研究结果表明超音速等离子-感应重熔复合技术具有制备高铝铜合金粗粉涂层的能力,在涂层与基体界面处能够形成宽度为10～15μm的冶金结合带.     

CTAB改性石墨/氟碳导电涂层的制备及性能研究

针对目前接地网材料的严重腐蚀问题,研究一种高性能导电防护涂层。以氟碳树脂(FEVE)为成膜剂,采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)改性石墨为导电填料,成功制备了一种新型的具有高导电性能的复合氟碳导电防腐杂化涂层材料。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)表征改性前后石墨的结构以及涂层表面的微观形貌,根据国标测定涂层体积电阻率,并深入探讨涂层的导电机理。实验结果表明:CTAB与石墨以范德华力结合,增强了石墨在氟碳树脂中的分散性能;石墨的加入,增强了氟碳涂层的导电及耐热性能,完全满足接地网防护涂层的性能要求。     

Ag@TiO_2核壳纳米粒子的制备与红外发射率研究

在TX-100/环己烷/正己醇/水组成的油包水（W/O）体系中,采用微乳液法制得Ag@TiO2核壳纳米粒子.采用透射电镜（TEM）,X线衍射（XRD）,红外光谱（IR）和紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）等对其形貌和物相进行分析.利用IR-1红外发射率测量仪测定复合粒子在8～14μm波段的红外发射率.结果表明：该核壳纳米粒子粒径约50 nm,内核为面心立方的金属Ag,外壳为无定型的TiO2.被TiO2包覆后Ag核的紫外共振吸收峰与纯胶体Ag相比发生了微弱红移.高反射性能的金属Ag的引入使该核壳结构复合物的红外发射率明显降低,最低可降至0.483.Ag@TiO2核壳纳米粒子的红外发射率随着外层TiO2结晶性能的提高而下降.     

镁合金表面HA/CNTs涂层的制备及电化学性能研究

为了提高生物镁合金羟基磷灰石(HA)涂层的耐蚀性能,在微弧氧化电解液中加入羟基磷灰石/碳纳米管(HA/CNTs)复合粉体添加剂,制备HA/CNTs复合涂层。分别对制备的HA/CNTs复合粉体和HA/CNTs复合涂层进行表面形貌和物相组成分析,并对HA/CNTs复合涂层在模拟体液(SBF)中的耐腐蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明,HA/CNTs复合粉体在微弧氧化过程中能均匀地沉积在镁合金表面,结晶良好且无任何杂质;与HA涂层相比,HA/CNTs涂层具有较小的腐蚀电流密度值和较大的阻抗值。此外,在SBF中浸泡4d后,HA/CNTs复合涂层表面出现大量的亚微米级颗粒产物且没有任何腐蚀裂纹。     

Microstructure and properties of high emissivity coatings

A new coating on lining in industrial furnace for energy saving has been developed. Properties and microstructure of the coatings were revealed by emissivity instrument,X-ray diffraction (XRD),transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM),respectively. The result indicates that the emissivity of coatings is higher than 0.90 and the thickness of coatings is about 200 μm. ZrO2,Cr2O3 and SiC in the coating benefit practical applications of coatings at high temperature with du-ra...     

High-temperature corrosion-resistance performance of electro-thermal explosion spraying coating

As a new spraying technology used in the remanufacturing engineering, electro-thermal explosion spraying holds a lot of advantages. Electro-thermal explosion spraying coating aliquation phenomena are reduced and non-crystal, micro-crystal and millimicron-crystal and other microstructure are formed. The corrosion-resistance a bility of electro-thermal explosion spraying coating in high temperature environment was surveyed respectively. SEM equipped with EDS was employed to analyze the microstructure of spraying coating before and after corrosion. The corrosion-resistance mechanism of the spraying coating was discussed.     

High-temperature corrosion-resistance performance of electro-thermal explosion spraying coating

As a new spraying technology used in the remanufacturing engineering, electro-thermal explosion spraying holds a lot of advantages. Electro-thermal explosion spraying coating aliquation phenomena are reduced and non-crystal, micro-crystal and millimicron-crystal and other microstructure are formed. The corrosion-resistance ability of electro-thermal explosion spraying coating in high temperature environment was surveyed respectively. SEM equipped with EDS was employe to analyzed the microstructure of spraying coating before and after corrosion. The corrosion-resistance mechanism of the spraying coating was discussed. Foundation item: Project(2003AA331130) supported by the Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China     

织物用热红外伪装涂料在8～14 μm波段红外发射率的研究

从金属颜料铝粉的含量，粒子形貌和尺寸，粘合剂的选用和改性等4个方面对织物用热红外伪装涂料在8－14μm波段的红外发射率进行了研究，结果表明，当铝粉质量百分数大于20％时，涂层的发射率不再下降；片状粒子和尺寸较大的粒子对发射率降低的作用较强；以三元乙丙橡胶为基料获得的改性粘合剂在3－14μm波段具有较好的红外透明性。     

Matching Performance among Visible and near Infrared Coating, Low Infrared Emitting Coating and Microwave Absorbing Coating

The matching performance among the visible and near infrared coating.the low infrared emitting coating and the microwave absorbing coating was investigated.Experimental results show that the resulting malerial is characteristic of wideband effect ranging from the visible,near infrared and 3-5μm,8-14μm infrared protion of the spectrum,as well as the radar region from 8 to 18GHz when these three materials form αlayerstructure material system.The microwave absorbing ability of material is hardly changed.The resonance peak moves towards lower frequency as the thickness of the visible,near infrared coating and the low infrared emitting coating increases.This problem can be resolved by controlling the thickness of the matrial.On the other hand, the infrared emissivity εof the material system increases as the thickness of the visible,near infrared coating increases.This can be resolved by increasing infrared transparency of the visible and near infrared topcoating or controlling its thickness.The experimental resulting material system has spectral reflection characteristics in visible and near infrared regions that are similar to those of the natural background.     

小型泵站改造设计中的节能问题探讨

文章提出了在小型泵站改造设计中提高泵站效率、降低能耗的可行措施及方法。     

Study of Thermal Radiation Properties of Pyrolytic Carbon Protective Coatings for Monocrystalline Silicon Furnace

The thermal radiation properties of pyrolytic carbon （PyC） protective coatings for monocrystalline silicon furnace prepared by different processes were tested. The changes of normal emissivity of carbon materials caused by PyC protective coatings were discussed, and the influence of phase structure and surface appearance on the thermal radiation properties was investigated. The results show that the thermal radiation properties of PyC protective coatings with the wave band of 5 -25 I~m are better than C/C substrate, further, normal spectral emissivity of CVD PyC coating remains basically at 0. 85 - 0. 90, and the normal total emissivity can reach 0. 89, which shows high thermal radiation performance. For resin PyC coating and CVD PyC coating, the degree of graphitization are 44. 53% and 16. 28% respectively, and the R value of Raman spectrum are 0. g64 and 1. 384 respectively. Relatively disorder graphite structure of the latter causes various vibration modes, and the spectral emissivity is better, so the thermal radiation property of CVD PyC coating is excellent. A lot of spherical particles exists on the surface of the CVD PyC coating, and the more interface and spacing of particles reduce the number of particles per unit volume. Therefore, the scattering of thermal radiation is strongly strengthened, and the spectral emissivity is higher.     

稀土氧化物对镁质耐火材料物理性能及挂窑皮性的影响

在镁质耐火材料中分别加入Y2O3、La2O3、Nd2O3和CeO24种稀土氧化物,研究添加不同的稀土氧化物对镁质耐火材料的烧结性能、高温力学性能和挂窑皮性的影响。结果表明,所添加的稀土氧化物可以促进镁质耐火材料的烧结,提高其常温力学性能,并且添加Y2O3还能明显提高镁质耐火材料的高温强度和挂窑皮性能。     

闭式冷却塔用于冬季直接供冷的设计及节能分析

由于工艺需要,有时北方冬季也需要供冷。闭式冷却塔是在冷却塔基础上发展起来的新型冷却设备,它可以利用自然冷源在冬季及过渡季供冷,具有较好的节能效果。本文详细阐述了其原理,建立了数学模型,并以实际工程为例,做了闭式冷却塔的初步设计,并将其与目前使用的制冷机组进行了能耗与经济性分析,这对于闭式冷却塔的设计及应用将有一定的参考价值。     

促进发电节能的可中断负荷电价优化设计模型

如果电力系统的备用容量完全有发电机组来承担,可能会产生长期"备而不用"的问题.这不仅会造成资源的浪费,也会导致用户购电成本的增加.通过供电公司与用户之间签订的合同,把用户的可中断负荷作为发电的一种备用,如果系统供给能量,则用户需要向供电公司支付电能价格;如果备用容量不足,系统中断时该用户的电力供给,但供电公司向用户进行其低谷用电的电价赔偿.可中断负荷电价的确定既要有利于发电成本的下降,又要有利于保护供电企业的利益,还要有利于激励用户减少高峰负荷用电的积极性.正是基于这样的目的而讨论可中断电价的优化设计模型.