厌氧消化污泥稳定化评价指标综述

对污泥稳定的定义及目标进行了介绍,并对评价厌氧污泥稳定度的参数指标进行了综述,推荐的几个测试是:挥发性固体减少率、不稳定物质减少测试、腐殖质含量、植物毒性测试,指出应从两个方面来考虑对参数进行选择,需要掌握稳定化过程的信息量和最终资源化利用的方式。     

厌氧消化污泥稳定化评价指标综述

对污泥稳定的定义及目标进行了介绍,并对评价厌氧污泥稳定度的参数指标进行了综述,推荐的几个测试是:挥发性固体减少率、不稳定物质减少测试、腐殖质含量、植物毒性测试,指出应从两个方面来考虑对参数进行选择,需要掌握稳定化过程的信息量和最终资源化利用的方式.     

从厌氧消化污泥中化学提取重金属

Marius Gheju等研究了用化学法从厌氧消化污泥中分离6种重金属(锌、镍、铬、铅、铜和镉),以减轻有机污泥占用土地的负面影响。为了评价重金属的提取率,在不同浓度和反应时间条件下,试验了2种有机酸(柠檬酸和草酸),2种无机酸(硝酸和盐酸)和1种强螯合剂(乙二胺四乙酸)。试验结果表明,     

强化污泥厌氧消化性能的预处理技术研究进展

我国城市污水处理厂污水处理规模逐年增加,剩余污泥产量大,处理处置难。污泥因为其含水率高、富含有机质及病原体,在处理处置之前,必须进行稳定化处理。厌氧消化是污泥稳定化的常用技术,污泥厌氧消化周期较长,需要对污泥进行一定的预处理,以提高细胞壁的破解效率,促进胞内有机物的溶出,大幅缩短污泥厌氧消化周期,提高污泥厌氧消化性能。本文综述了污泥厌氧消化预处理的各种主要技术的优缺点,包括生物处理、热水解、机械处理、化学氧化处理和碱处理等技术。目前研究的重点主要集中在预处理后污泥的性质变化及产甲烷性能的改善方面。     

准好氧填埋场稳定化指标的室内模拟研究

准好氧填埋场是传统填埋场可持续发展的一个重要的方向,本文结合准好氧填埋场的室内模拟实验结果以及理论分析,提出了准好氧填埋场稳定化评价指标的四条选取原则,在模拟实验的基础上,从渗滤液性质、垃圾降解特性、填埋场地沉降三个方面建立了准好氧的评价指标体系,所包含的指标有:渗滤液COD、氨氮、TVS/TDS,固相垃圾BDM,场地沉降量。     

准好氧填埋场稳定化指标的室内模拟研究

准好氧填埋场是传统填埋场可持续发展的一个重要的方向，本文结合准好氧填埋场的室内模拟实验结果以及理论分析，提出了准好氧填埋场稳定化评价指标的四条选取原则，在模拟实验的基础上，从渗滤液性质、垃圾降解特性、填埋场地沉降三个方面建立了准好氧的评价指标体系，所包含的指标有：渗滤液COD、氨氮、TVS／TDS，固相垃圾BDM，场地沉降量。     

准好氧填埋场稳定化指标的室内模拟研究

准好氧填埋场是传统填埋场可持续发展的一个重要的方向,本文结合准好氧填埋场的室内模拟实验结果以及理论分析,提出了准好氧填埋场稳定化评价指标的四条选取原则,在模拟实验的基础上,从渗滤液性质、垃圾降解特性、填埋场地沉降三个方面建立了准好氧的评价指标体系,所包含的指标有:渗滤液COD、氨氮、TVS/TDS,固相垃圾BDM,场地沉降量.     

金属粉末表面稳定化处理的研究

研究了几种钝化剂对金属粉末表面的稳定化处理工艺，分析了其钝化机理。经钝化处理后的粉末，其抗氧化性显著提高，而其他物理性能及化学组成基本保持不变。稳定化处理对金属粉末的生产具有很重要的意义。     

利用热电厂流化床锅炉焚烧污泥专利技术实现城市污水处理厂污泥无害化、资源化和稳定化处置

介绍了流化床锅炉燃烧的基本原理,阐述了循环流化床锅炉的技术特点,分析了循环流化床锅炉的工艺流程。同时,对常州市实施污泥焚烧项目的建设情况进行了介绍,总结了项目实施的经验,分析了项目实施取得的社会、环境、经济效益,对常州市污泥焚烧的发展规划进行了展望。     

硫化砷渣稳定化处理研究

本文通过对硫化砷渣稳定化处理研究,采用ENFI-R8和ENFI-Z8稳定剂通过不同添加量的对比考察其对硫化砷的稳定效果,确定了硫化砷渣稳定化的最佳稳定剂及添加量.结果表明:采用ENFI-R8和ENFI-Z8稳定化药剂对硫化砷渣进行处理,处理效果良好,重金属浓度可达到安全填埋《危险废物填埋污染控制标准》(GB18598—...     

Anaerobic Biodegradation of Polyhydroxybutyrate in Municipal Sewage Sludge

Anaerobic biodegradation in sewage sludge of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) was investigated. Evolved gaseous carbon was measured to assess biodegradability according to ASTM D5210. Mass-loss experiments were performed to determine degradation kinetics. Changes in the polymer properties were investigated. The impact of a natural plasticizer [tributyl citrate (TBC)] on biodegradation was determined. Polylactic acid was also biodegraded for comparison. Melt-pressed plates of PHB (with thicknesses of 0.24, 0.5, 1.2, 3.5, and 5.0 mm) were biodegraded to investigate the relationship between initial mass:initial surface area ratios and decay rates. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of degraded specimens were recorded for visual illustration of the degradation process. A relationship between initial mass:initial surface area and degradation rates indicates that the thickness and surface area of the material affect its degradation. The degradation rates were impacted by the sewage sludge activity. TBC additive hindered PHB’s rate of degradation. Thermal properties, molecular bonding, and molecular weight measured by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared, and size exclusion chromatography, respectively, were only slightly affected by biodegradation, indicating that recycling PHB will not affect its performance.     

含镉废渣机械力化学稳定研究

通过实验研究了机械球磨方法稳定含镉废渣中的镉,并重点考察了稳定剂种类、球磨介质、稳定剂用量、球料比和球磨时间等工艺参数对球磨稳定效果的影响.在最佳工艺条件下(稳定剂为单质铁粉、球磨介质为不锈钢、添加剂用量为6％、球料质量比为B/M =6∶1、球磨时间为1h、球磨机转速为500 r/min),含镉废渣中镉的浸出毒性(TCLP)从58.212 mg/L降低到0.019 mg/L,镉的稳定率达到了99.97％.X射线衍射和扫描电镜-能谱分析表明,球磨后的零价铁粉在酸性溶液中会被腐蚀,其表面会形成一层对镉具有吸附作用的腐蚀层.     

电镀污泥的固化及浸出毒性研究

采用水泥和细砂作固化基材处理含Ni、Cr、Cu等重金属的电镀污泥,对固化块的浸出试验表明:水泥固化该电镀污泥效果良好,固化过程中加入适当的螯合剂KS-3,可以提高固化效果,并对固化块在不同pH浸取剂下的重金属浸出浓度进行了研究。     

电镀污泥的固化及浸出毒性研究

采用水泥和细砂作固化基材处理含Ni、Cr、Cu等重金属的电镀污泥，对固化块的浸出试验表明：水泥固化该电镀污泥效果良好，固化过程中加入适当的螯合剂KS-3，可以提高固化效果，并对固化块在不同pH浸取剂下的重金属浸出浓度进行了研究。     

Effects of Stressed Loading on Startup and Granulation in Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors

The successful operation of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) process depends on the formation of settleable and active granular sludge. As the anaerobic bacteria are slow-growing microorganisms, a common problem encountered in UASB operation is the long startup period and the development of biogranules. In the present study, an unconventional approach to accelerate startup and granulation processes in UASB reactors has been developed by stressing the organic loading rate (OLR) without having to reach steady-state conditions. Three UASB reactors treating a synthetic feed with chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 2,500 mg/L, at a mesophilic temprature of 35°C were studied. One reactor (R1) served as a control, while the other two (R2 and R3) were operated at different stress levels upon reaching COD removal efficiency of 75 and 85%, respectively. Experimental results indicated that under stressed loading conditions, the startup, and granule development were accelerated by 45 and 33%, respectively, along with the formation of granules of superior characteristics without deteriorating loading capacity. The operating time to reach designated OLRs was also shortened by at least 30 days in the stressed reactors. The results presented indicate that the unconventional startup approach could offer a practical solution for the inherent long start-up in UASB systems with concomitant saving in time and cost.     

Multistaged Anaerobic Sludge Digestion Processes

Two multistaged anaerobic digestion systems, a four-stage thermophilic anaerobic digestion (4TAD), all at 55°C, and a four-stage anaerobic digestion with a tapered temperature configuration (4ADT) at 55, 49, 43, and 37°C, respectively, were studied to evaluate their solids, volatile organic sulfur compounds, and indicator organism (E. coli and fecal coliform) reduction potentials. The 4TAD system removed significantly more volatile solids from sludges than the 4ADT system (6%). However, the dewatered biosolids cakes from the 4ADT system generated fewer organic sulfur compounds than those from the 4TAD system. Both multistage systems showed better digestion efficiencies than single-stage mesophilic or single-stage thermophilic anaerobic digesters at the same overall retention time. However, the lowest organic sulfur compounds were observed from the single mesophilic system. Both multistage anaerobic digestion systems failed to dramatically remove DNA of the indicator organism, E. coli, quantified by real time polymerase chain reaction, even though the indicator organism densities measured by standard culturing methods satisfied EPA Class A biosolids requirements.     

改性污泥燃烧过程研究及烟气评估

原生污泥经M1固化剂、木屑与煤粉按100：5：10：20（w／w）比例混合均匀,自然风干5d后制得改性污泥燃料。改性污泥燃烧结果表明：燃烧的经济风速为1～4m／s;燃烧时间随通风风速增大,颗粒粒径减小而减少．且颗粒粒径的影响较为显著;理想通风条件下,改性污泥燃烧烟气中SO2的浓度为44．6mg／m3,比原生污泥降低了52．4％,与煤粉SO2浓度相近;实际燃烧过程中,颗粒物浓度达到276mg/m3。     

钢丝稳定化处理设备矫直器的选用

通过对矫直原理的分析及实际应用的探讨,对钢丝稳定化处理设备中矫直器的选用及钢丝在矫直过程中遇到的实际问题提出了建议。     

Evaluation of Mixing and Performance of Lab-Scale Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors Treating Domestic Wastewater

The effects of varying hydraulic retention time (HRT) and associated upflow velocity on mixing and reactor performance were evaluated in five lab-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors treating real domestic wastewater. The mixing and transport studies were carried out with the help of tracer experiments at various HRTs using a pulse tracer input. A number of existing models were assessed for the analysis of the time series of observed tracer concentrations. The plug-flow reactor (PFR) model with two-zone dispersion better simulated the time series of tracer concentrations at all HRTs than other models, such as single compartment dispersion, completely mixed flow reactors (CMFRs) in series, and a combination of CMFR and PFR. The dispersion coefficients obtained from the two-zone dispersion model correlated well with the dispersion analysis expression for flow in a circular cylinder, and the correlation can be used for the prediction of dispersion in a UASB reactor. The analysis of reactor performance data indicated that reduction of dispersion owing to decrease in the upflow velocity resulted in increased sulfidogenic activity in the reactor. This was attributed to the inability of the sulfate reducers to colonize in the reactor at high upflow velocity and mixing condition.