对完善"省直管县"体制改革的思考

目前我国省直管县体制改革内容主要包括"强县扩权改革"和"省直管县财政改革".本文探讨了我国省直管县体制改革的可行性条件,并针对改革过程中存在的 问题提出了相关建议.     

中国行政改革借鉴西方行政理论的约束性分析——兼论现阶段中国行政改革策略

20世纪60年代以来,随着威尔逊-韦伯式官僚体制弊端的显露,西方政府启动了新一轮政府行政管理改革运动,西方新理论、新工具层出不穷.处在转型关键期的中国,迫切需要政府开启新的行政管理改革.但面对未建成的韦伯式公务员制度、古代官文化、政府辅佐下的市场体系、法治文化尚待建立、正在形成的公民社会等一系列情况,西方新理论、新工具的使用必须以中国现实为依据,在发展和改造中开展中国行政管理改革.     

陕西省县域经济发展因素实证分析与对策探讨——以宝鸡市扶风县为例

县是我国最重要、设置最稳是的行政地域单元.中央非常重视县域经济的发展.扶风是<关中--天水经济区发展规划>中城乡统筹的重点区,省财政直管县,具有独特的资源、环境及区位优势.西部大开发以来,扶风县经济得到了较大发展,然而整体发展水平低,应明确发展的方向和重点.     

论新公共管理运动向新公共服务的过渡

兴盛一时的新公共管理运动在西方引起了轩然大波,各国政府纷纷结合本国实际实施影响广泛的攻府再造运动.随着时代变迁和社会环境的改变,原有的理论体系已不能满足现实政府变革的需要,由此行政学界提出了全新的变革指导理论-新公共服务.本文将就这两种理论展开分析和探讨,通过对比的方法揭示它们各自的本质特征和表现形式,以清晰地展示新公共管理运动向新公共服务过渡的发展脉络以及它对我国行政体制改革的启示.     

回顾与展望:改革开放以来我国行政改革和谐三部曲

改革开放以来,围绕行政权力的重新定位和划分问题,我国历次行政改革大致可以划分为"精简机构"、"转变职能"以及"重塑政府"等三个交叉相继、和谐共生的阶段.这三个阶段是一个连贯统一、和谐递进的完整逻辑过程,并基本形成我国行政改革战略体系:政府职能向经济调节、市场监管、社会管理和公共服务转变,行政管理体制以权责一致、分工合理、决策科学、执行顺畅、监督有力为目标,行政权力运行机制以决策权、执行权、监督权既相互制约又相互协调为诉求.未来我国政府公共管理制度创新和发展应继续以"重塑政府"为基本目标诉求,努力建设人民满意的服务型政府,进一步实现政府职能的彻底转变和行政管理体制、机制的不断优化.     

如何提高行政执行力研究

在国际竞争日趋激烈的当今世界,一个国家行政执行力的水平将直接影响其国际竞争力,决定民族的兴衰存亡.20世纪最后的20余年,西方各国相继掀起了轰轰烈烈的"政府再造"运动,"管理主义"异军突起.归根结底,其目的都是为了提升政府的行政执行力,塑造高效、灵活、廉洁的政府形象.在全球化背景下,一国政府要想有效地组织和引导本国社会经济沿着正确的方向发展,必须大力提升行政执行力.     

政府管理创新的价值定位

所谓政府管理创新,是指由于行政任务、行政环境的变化引起的行政职能、行政方式、行政作风、行政法规、行政体制等方面的一系列新变化.金融危机后,世界经济进入了新一轮增长周期.2011年是我国"十二五"规划的第一年,各大区域板块都在寻找适合自身特征的产业发展道路,使产业组织形式适合时代要求,使产业发展相关资源达到最优配置,实现产业创新和提高整体竞争力的目的.在这一过程中,政府职能和结构应该相应随之调整,政府管理创新的作用是不可或缺的.     

新形势下加强高校国有资产管理的探讨

随着经济的发展和教育体制改革的不断深入,高校多渠道筹措教育经费的格局正在形成,经济活动范围日益扩大.国家投入到高校的资产和高校利用自身优势形成的各类资产已颇具规模.为了充分揭示高校所拥有的各种经济资源及其配置情况,加强国有资产管理,保持国有资产的安全与完整,防止国有资产流失,在高等学校财务制度改革中,引入了"资产"这一概念,并将资产划分为流动资产、固定资产、无形资产和对外投资四个方面,以此来界定实物形态存在的资产和非实物形态存在的资产.这不仅是高校会计核算要素在形式上的变化,更重要的是在于按资产的属性和特点加强资产的全方位管理,使国有资产能充分发挥其效能,实现国有资产的合理配置和有效的使用.下面就在新形势下高校国有资产管理谈点粗浅的看法.     

省管县财政体制改革研究

随着我国财政体制改革的日益深化,省管县时政体制改革成为现阶段我国行政体制改革的重要内容.本文以公共管理与经济学的相关理论作为省管县财政体制改革的理论依据,分析了省管县时政体制改革过程中所面临的困难、提出了相关的政策建议.     

行政体制改革动力的宪政经济学思考

完政经济学方法论的个人主义、理性选择、规则的选择和规则下选择的区分为行政体制改革提供了诸多的启示.从完政经济学的视角看,当前的行政体制改革面临着内在动力不足、对改革本身没有制度约束、成本分摊不均、行政伦理和公民责任缺失等诸多难以突破的困境.主张必须对改革进行立宪选择的约束,充分尊重利益主体的改革诉求,加强伦理建设,重塑行政体制改革的动力机制.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)