某压气机内部三维流场数值模拟研究

以某重型燃气轮机的整个压气机为研究对象,通过计算软件对该压气机内部三维流场进行设计工况下的数值模拟研究,获得的压气机特性计算结果与试验值吻合良好;并详细分析了该压气机内部流场结构,找出了该燃气轮机最大噪声位置及其形成原因,同时获得了两种压气机内部流场的控制方法,对于压气机设计具有指导意义.     

十四级亚音速轴流压气机加级设计与整台调整试验

利用优良的母型压气机,以加级方法发展高性能压气机,是国内外广为采用的方法.本文详细介绍了一台十四级压气机的加级设计思想、设计计算方法及整台压气机的调整试验,给出了调整后的压气机试验特性曲线.试验证明,该压气机设计是成功的,压气机的各项技术指标符合设计要求.     

静叶内环对压气机性能的影响

本文就上海汽轮机厂六十年代末设计制造的6MW燃气轮机,其压气机模化时,静叶由悬臂结构改成带内环结构,所导致压气机提前喘振的原因和机理,进行了试验研究和理论分析以及采取的措施,供设计者借鉴.     

基于流场偏差分析的离心压气机优化设计

为了提高车用内燃机变转速、变负荷面工况性能,提出了离心压气机优化设计方法,即通过考虑压气机设计工况与非设计工况流场的关联效应,抑制不同工况流场之间的差异,优化离心压气机结构.利用该方法对某柴油机离心压气机进行了优化设计,其设计工况与非设计工况之间的流场偏差集中在大叶片进口叶尖部分,据此提出了压气机前缘前掠的流场控制措施.仿真分析表明:改型离心压气机流场偏差得到了明显抑制,其设计工况性能变化较小,非设计工况压比提高了4.46%,,效率提高了1.56%,.     

贫燃催化燃烧燃气轮机压气机的设计及其性能分析

分析了贫燃催化燃烧燃气轮机系统中压气机的结构特点,设计了低出口宽径比、高比转速的压气机叶轮,并采用数值计算和试验2种方法预测了其工作性能.结果表明:数值计算与试验结果基本吻合,该压气机在全工况下达到设计要求,且2种结果的高压比区域、高效率区域均远离喘振线;低宽径比、高比转速压气机的设计点在高效区;随着转速的提高,此压气机的压比特性曲线在小流量区增长的趋势明显;采用低宽径比、高比转速设计的负面作用是增大了叶尖相对马赫数.     

一种基于全三维数值计算的多级轴流压气机喘振边界预测方法

提出一种基于全三维数值计算的多级轴流压气机喘振边界预测方法。该方法采用了NUMECA和ANSYS/CFX两种不同的商业软件,在充分考虑压气机几何结构特征的基础上,根据压气机各级叶片排结构特点,建立了通用的压气机叶片排网格拓扑结构,并从各个方向对压气机叶片排网格节点进行控制来保证压气机叶片排各向网格节点一致。对不同负荷类型、不同结构型式的压气机特性进行了算例分析,并就流量、压比和效率等压气机特性参数进行对比研究。结果表明:该喘振边界预测方法对不同压气机具有较高的适用性,计算结果与试验结果也比较吻合。     

周向环状燕尾型榫头的锁紧结构研究

在压气机叶片数量较多,体积较小的情况下,采用周向环状燕尾型榫槽,可以为加工和装配带来很多方便,目前周向环状燕尾型叶根没有成熟的锁紧结构,限制了压气机转子结构设计以及压气机叶片设计的灵活性。提供了一种用于周向环状燕尾型叶根的锁紧结构,详述了该锁紧结构的设计、安装及安全性评估,为压气机转子结构设计和叶片设计提供了更多的设计空间。     

十四级亚音速轴流压气机加级设计与整台调整试验

利用优良的母型压气机,用加级方法发展高性能的压气机是国内外广为采用的方法。本文详细的介绍了一台十四级压气机的加级设计思想,设计计算方法及整台压气机的调整试验,并给出了调整后的压气机试验特性曲线。试验证明该压气机设计是成功的,压气机的全面技术指标符合设计要求。     

高速轴流压气机二维特性计算

采用二维流线曲率法数值模型,建立了适应于高速轴流压气机的落后角和损失模型,对某跨声速轴流压气机转子的非设计工况点进行计算,并与实验结果进行了对比。结果表明,该方法具有较好的计算精度,可为轴流压气机设计和优化提供参考。     

多级轴流压气机叶尖间隙工程设计与验证

建立了民用航空发动机压气机叶尖间隙工程设计方法。首先,根据设计点要求进行初始冷态间隙计算,而后基于强度分析得到的变形量、制造公差、配合关系、稳态不平衡响应以及发动机工作状态等因素评估其余考核工况点间隙,经过迭代调整后得到满足安全要求的间隙值,最后根据试验数据修正得到最终冷态间隙值。以某高负荷压气机第7级转子为例开展了叶尖间隙设计,并与试验验证结果进行对比,证明了所提方法的可行性和合理性,采用该方法获得了安全可靠的叶尖间隙设计结果。     

用于跨声速叶轮性能计算的多种分裂格式的分析与比较

针对跨声速压气机叶片内复杂的三维流动,采用自行开发的三维CFD程序对跨音速轴流压气机NASA Rotor 37流场进行数值模拟,对比分析了L-F（Lax Friedrichs）、Steger Warming及Van Leer 3种通矢量分裂格式和AUSMDV混合格式在跨声速叶轮流场数值计算时的格式效应。研究表明：与其他格式相比,AUSMDV在设计工况下的计算结果与实验误差最小,对激波和叶顶间隙泄漏的捕捉能力最强,Van Leer格式次之;Steger Warming格式在计算过程中收敛性最好。     

不同的燃气轮机调控方案对燃气—蒸汽联合循环电站性能的影响

以某燃气－蒸汽联合循环电站的主要配置 基础,计算并分析比较了在改变燃料 量和调节压气机可转导叶等不同调控方案对燃气－蒸联合循环各3个组成部分及总体性能的影响,从而为燃气－蒸汽联合循环电站合理选择燃气轮机调控方案提供有意义的参考。     

A similitude method and the corresponding blade design of a low-speed large-scale axial compressor rotor

A similitude method to model the tip clearance flow in a high-speed compressor with a low-speed model is presented in this paper. The first step of this method is the derivation of similarity criteria for tip clearance flow, on the basis of an inviscid model of tip clearance flow. The aerodynamic parameters needed for the model design are then obtained from a numerical simulation of the target high-speed compressor rotor. According to the aerodynamic and geometric parameters of the target compressor rotor, a large-scale low-speed rotor blade is designed with an inverse blade design program. In order to validate the similitude method, the features of tip clearance flow in the low-speed model compressor are compared with the ones in the high-speed compressor at both design and small flow rate points. It is found that not only the trajectory of the tip leakage vortex but also the interface between the tip leakage flow and the incoming main flow in the high-speed compressor match well with that of its low speed model. These results validate the effectiveness of the similitude method for the tip clearance flow proposed in this paper.     

Influence of two systematic parameters on the geothermal heat pump system operation

In order to match the output capacity of a geothermal heat pump system (GHPS) with the actual load requirement, research has been carried out in finding the influence of two systematic parameters, the water flow rate inside the condenser and the compressor input frequency on the GHPS operation. Experiments are done on a small-scale GHPS at the water flow rate ranging from 0.054 kg/s to 0.174 kg/s and the frequency from 30 Hz to 55 Hz. The analysis of the experimental data reveals the relationships among the compressor frequency, the water flow rate and other important parameters such as coefficient of performance (COP), heat capacity and compressor power input. The conclusions in the paper can serve as some guidance to the load adjustment of GHPS.     

压气机动态模型的建立及喘振过程分析

在SIMULINK环境中,建立了压气机动态数学模型。为了模拟压气机喘振和旋转失速现象,压气机特性图被延伸到负流量区域,还考虑到了气体通过压气机的延迟。模拟了压气机的喘振过程,并对压气机压力信号进行FFT变换,检测了压气机喘振。仿真结果表明:模型能预测压气机喘振过程中压力、流量和转速的振荡频率和振幅;压缩系统的转动惯量、稳压室容积等结构参数影响喘振特性;模型动态调节特性好,可用于压气机控制系统模型,具有广泛实用性。     

Effect of double air injection on performance characteristics of centrifugal compressor

In the operation of a centrifugal compressor of turbocharger, instability phenomena such as rotating stall and surge are induced at a lower flow rate close to the maximum pressure ratio. In this study, the compressed air at the exit of centrifugal compressor was re-circulated and injected to the impeller inlet by using two injection nozzles in order to suppress the surge phenomenon. The most effective circumferential position was examined to reduce the flow rate at the surge inception. Moreover, the influences of the injection on the fluctuating property of the flow field before and after the surge inception were investigated by examining the frequency of static pressure fluctuation on the wall surface and visualizing the compressor wall surface by oil-film visualization technique.     

Optimal distribution of cooling during gas compression

This paper describes the optimization of the distribution of heat transfer (cooling) during the process of gas compression. The coolant is a stream of cold liquid. There is a fundamental tradeoff between the savings in compressor power, which are due to distributed cooling, and the pumping power required to circulate the coolant. The tradeoff is revealed on the basis of a combined model of multi-stage gas compression, resistance to fluid flow, and area-constrained counter- or co-current heat exchange between the gaseous stream and the liquid stream. The results are illustrated for the compressor of an actual ammonia refrigeration plant, for which the distributed-cooling design is highly recommended because the compressor discharge temperature in such units is high. It is shown that there is an optimal coolant (water) flow rate such that the total power requirement is minimized. The optimized distribution of gas compression and cooling is robust with respect to the selection of the water flow rate.     

级间引气对一维方案压气机流道和性能的影响

本文研究了GE公司的高效节能发动机(E3)压气机在不同引气方案下,其流道形状和性能的变化规律。采用改进的压气机一维方案计算程序,将级间引气模块加入该程序中并进行了验证,结果表明其可较准确计算E3压气机的流道形状和特性。在此基础上,选取了三组级间引气量方案,利用该程序计算并比较了不同方案的流道形状变化和性能改变,得出结论:随着引气量的增加,流道面积将稍微减小,压气机效率和压比将有较大降低;为了提高压气机一维方案设计和特性计算的精度,必须在程序中考虑引气量的影响。     

Cooling characteristics of ground source heat pump with heat exchange methods

The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of the cooling performance for a water-to-water ground source heat pump (GSHP) by using the counter flow and parallel flow methods. The GSHP uses R-410A as a refrigerant, and its main components are a scroll compressor, plate heat exchangers as a condenser, an evaporator, a thermostatic expansion valve, a receiver, and an inverter. Based on our modeling results, the heat transfer rate of the counter flow evaporator is higher than that of the parallel flow evaporator for a heat exchanger length greater than 0.42 m. The evaporator length of the GSHP used in this study was set to over 0.5 m. The performance of the water-to-water GSHP was measured by varying the compressor speed and source-side entering water temperature (EWT). The cooling capacity of the GSHP increased with increased compressor RPMs and source side EWT. Also, using the counter flow method, compared to the parallel flow method, improves the COP by approximately 5.9% for an ISO 13256-2 rated condition.