Intra/Inter Macroblock Mode Decision for Error-Resilient Transcoding

When transmitting the precoded bitstream over an error-prone network, error-resilient transcoding is adopted to convert the bitstream to a resilient format for robust delivery. Intra refreshment is an efficient tool to reduce the dependency between frames and stop the channel error propagation. In the conventional scheme, the rate-distortion optimized macroblock mode decision is employed to adaptively determine the coding mode of each macroblock. However, this scheme only considers the channel error propagated from the previous frames to the current frame. As opposed to this traditional algorithm, this paper proposes a method which considers consecutive two frames in a sequence, thus taking the error propagation to the following frame into account. This enhances the overall robustness of the transcoded bitstream against the packet loss. Considering the availability of the next frame information, two cases are discussed respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed methods present quality improvement when compared with the conventional rate-distortion optimized error-resilient coding scheme under different test environments, and the PSNR improvement can reach as high as 0.9 dB.     

Improving inter-node communications in multi-core clusters using a contention-free process mapping algorithm

High performance clusters, which are established by connecting many computing nodes together, are known as one of main architectures to obtain extremely high performance. Currently, these systems are moving from multi-core architectures to many-core architectures to enhance their computational capabilities. This trend would eventually cause network interfaces to be a performance bottleneck because these interfaces are few in number and cannot handle multiple network requests at a time. The consequence of such issue would be higher waiting time at the network interface queue and lower performance. In this paper, we tackle this problem by introducing a process mapping algorithm, which attempts to improve inter-node communications in multi-core clusters. Our mapping strategy reduces accesses to the network interface by distributing communication-intensive processes among computing nodes, which leads to lower waiting time at the network interface queue. Performance results for synthetic and real workloads reveal that the proposed strategy improves the performance from 8 % up to 90 % in tested cases compared to other methods.     

H.264/AVC快速帧内预测模式选择算法

基于像素块的纹理特性,相邻块预测模式的相关性提出了一种H.264/AVC快速帧内预测算法,该算法将4×4亮度块的候选模式从9种降低到1～4种。实验结果表明,与H.264编解码器JM8.6相比,I帧编码时间降低50%～60%,而PSNR和输出码率基本保持不变。     

H.264帧内快速模式选择算法

帧内编码是H.264标准的一个重要组成部分,针对原标准的全搜索算法运算复杂度高,不能支持实时视频需要的问题,提出了一种基于模板和双阈值的快速算法,可以有效地减少计算复杂度。实验结果表明该算法可以在信噪比和码率变化不大的情况下,使编码时间平均减少42%。     

H.264帧间预测快速算法

帧间预测是实时视频编解码技术的研究重点,高精度的匹配和补偿可以减少帧间预测误差,提高视频图像的压缩效果．为了降低在视频编码标准H．264中帧间预测的高计算复杂度问题,提出一种帧间预测快速算法．该算法在利用运动矢量的时空相关性对最优匹配点位置进行预测的基础上,依次进行“十”字形分布的五点搜索和九点均布的矩形搜索;并在搜索过程中引入根据最优点和次优点界定搜索方向、搜索窗口自适应伸缩和中途截止等多种优化策略,以提高整像素块匹配的搜索速度．实验结果表明,与全搜索算法相比,文中算法在不降低搜索精度的情况下,其运动估计速度约为全搜索算法的12倍;与UMHexagonS算法相比,在重建图像质量和码率接近的情况下,速度提高了1．87倍．     

H.264帧内预测快速模式选择

H.264/AVC视频编码标准中用率失真优化(RDO)方法为一个宏块(MB)判决最佳编码模式来提高编码效果,加大了算法复杂度并且计算冗余大。为了克服这一缺点,一种快速帧内预测模式选择算法被提出。在色度预测中,根据宏块的色度纹理复杂度,把原先的4种模式降到1或2种;在亮度16×16块模式判决中,根据最小哈达玛变换的绝对误差和(SATD)来选择最佳模式;在亮度4×4块模式判决中,该算法在9种模式中选择3种可能模式作为候选模式。通过比较16个4×4块总代价与1个16×16块的代价来选择最佳块选择模式,实验表明,该算法能在节省69%左右编码时间的情况下,比特率与峰值信噪比(PSNR)保持不变。     

H.264/AVC快速帧内预测算法的研究

H.264/AVC采用先进的帧内预测技术,进一步提高了编码效率,但计算复杂度也随之增高。提出了一种快速的帧内预测算法。该算法充分利用宏块的MAD信息及时间/空间相关性,对宏块进行预判,在帧内4×4（I4）和帧内16×16（I16）预测模式之间进行选择;然后,针对I4预测,计算当前块与参考块之间的相似程度D(b_x,b_r),据此判断是否跳过当前块的模式选择过程,从而减少了编码时间。实验表明,与JM10.2相比,针对全I帧测试：编码时间平均减少约59.03%;针对IPPP测试：编码时间平均减少22.76%;SNRY和码率基本不变。并且,该算法有利于在硬件平台(FPGA)上实现,可用于实际的视频通信产品。     

Robust H.264/AVC video watermarking without intra distortion drift

Multimedia Tools and Applications - A robust H.264/AVC video watermarking algorithm without intra distortion drift is proposed in this paper for the copyright protection of digital videos. The...     

H.264/AVC帧内4×4块预测模式选择算法的研究

在分析H.264帧内预测技术的基础上,提出了一种快速的帧内4×4块预测模式选择算法.该算法计算当前4×4块与空间/时间相邻4×4块之间的相似程度,判断是否跳过其模式选择过程;对未跳过的4×4块,根据变换系数的绝对差值和(SATD)信息及空间/时间相关性,排除一些可能性小的预测模式.实验表明,与JM10.2相比,对于IIII及IPPP编码结构:编码时间平均减少了44.07%和20.49%,码率和Y分量的信号噪声比(SNRY)基本不变.     

基于梯度的H.265/HEVC帧内预测硬件加速算法研究

HEVC即H.265,是目前最新的视频编码标准。相比于前一代视频编码标准,H.265/HEVC虽然能够明显改善视频压缩效率,但是却带来了更高的计算复杂度,尤其是在帧内预测过程中。为了解决这个问题,提出一种基于梯度的帧内预测硬件加速算法来跳过一些帧内预测模式和划分深度的预测过程,从而达到减少计算的目的。利用图像梯度信息来粗略估计编码单元的纹理方向和纹理复杂度,其中纹理方向用来估计编码单元的最优帧内预测方向,纹理复杂度用来判断是否跳过当前划分深度的预测编码过程。实验表明,相比于H.265/HEVC测试模型HM16.18,本文提出的算法能够减少6059%的编码时间,仅造成0.38 dB的BD PSNR减少和8.52%的BD-Rate增加。     

SHVC中帧内预测快速算法的研究

可分级高效视频编码(SHVC)可实现对视频序列的分层编码,正是因为实现了分层编码,编码的时间复杂度也会大大增加,尤其是在帧内预测过程中,需要从35种模式中通过率失真优化(RDO)选出最佳预测模式。为了加速增强层(EL)帧内预测模式的决策进程,基于当前预测单元(PU)与基本层(BL)相同位置PU,以及与BL中相同位置或EL中当前PU空间上相邻的PU的帧内预测模式的相关性,提出帧内预测模式快速决策算法。实验结果表明:在保证视频质量基本不变的情况下,相比较于SHVC的标准SHM-9.0而言,能减少大约40%~50%的时间。     

The HDLC/VS protocol for satellite communications

The HDLC protocol has proven to be unsuitable for satellite communications where the propagation delay is very large. The paper describes a modification of the HDLC protocol, based on the virtual subchannel concept, that is more suitable for satellite communications. The satellite link is organized into several sub-channels, each operating under the standard HDLC protocol. The performance of this modified protocil is examined, using simulation techniques.     

The formal definition of human/ machine communications

The specification of human/machine dialogues for general purpose terminals and special purpose consoles in a natural language is difficult and frequently leads to ambiguities and misinterpretations between terminal and dialogue constructors and users. In this paper, the problem of operator console definition is related to the problem of language and language translator definition. An efficient metalanguage tool (TBNF) for the handling of the latter problem is applied to the solution of the first problem. An example from the Telecontrol of a Power Network, being developed at ENHER (Barcelona, Spain), is described as an illustration.     

H.264/AVC高档次标准快速帧内模式选择算法研究

针对H.264/AVC高档次标准中帧内模式选择计算复杂度高的问题,提出一种新颖的基于纹理信息的快速帧内模式选择方法。利用绝对误差均值检测宏块的复杂度,选择块尺寸模式;利用平均绝对相邻像素差来检测图像块的纹理方向,筛选候选预测模式。实验结果表明,上述两部分算法单独使用都能够有效降低帧内模式选择的计算复杂度,使编码速度分别提高27%和64%,并且对率失真性能的影响可以忽略不计。利用整合后的综合算法,在率失真性能几乎保持不变的情况下,帧内编码速度提高超过70%以上。     

An efficient mode decision algorithm for H.264/AVC intra prediction

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Rate distortion optimization technique is adopted by H.264/AVC to select the best intra and inter prediction modes. It achieves remarkable improvement in...     

MUX/DEMUX SiC receiver for visible light communications

Microsystem Technologies - In this paper we present a MUX/DEMUX device based on a multilayer a-SiC:H optical filter that requires near-ultraviolet steady state optical switches to select desired...