共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Bill Bordass 《Building Research & Information》2000,28(5):338-352
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随着经济的发展以及城市化进程的加速,商业建筑得到大力开发,绿色建筑的理念也贯穿建筑设计的全过程。本文从商业建筑设计的前期入手,以绿色设计手法有效改善商业建筑发展中存在的问题,以保证商业建筑可持续性发展的实现。 相似文献
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建筑性能模拟软件在绿色建筑设计中承担了重要的作用,在本研究中主要探讨模拟软件使用的不同时期如何影响建筑性能表现和设计策略的选择。基于不同工作方式(不同阶段引入模拟软件)的两个真实设计案例,通过采访建筑师和调研设计过程的文本和资料,分析了两种不同工作方式的设计效果差异。模拟软件在早期介入的方案可以考虑更多与当地气候相适应的被动式的设计策略,而模拟软件在晚期介入的方案更多地考虑用主动技术的方式来实现建筑性能的指标。本研究建议将被动式设计策略引入到绿色建筑评估体系中,以鼓励设计团队在早期设计阶段就采用模拟软件指导设计的工作方式。 相似文献
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Daniel Castro-Lacouture Jorge A. Sefair Laura Flórez Andrés L. Medaglia 《Building and Environment》2009
Buildings have a significant and continuously increasing impact on the environment because they are responsible for a large portion of carbon emissions and use a considerable number of resources and energy. The green building movement emerged to mitigate these effects and to improve the building construction process. This paradigm shift should bring significant environmental, economic, financial, and social benefits. However, to realize such benefits, efforts are required not only in the selection of appropriate technologies but also in the choice of proper materials. Selecting inappropriate materials can be expensive, but more importantly, it may preclude the achievement of the desired environmental goals. In order to help decision-makers with the selection of the right materials, this study proposes a mixed integer optimization model that incorporates design and budget constraints while maximizing the number of credits reached under the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system. To illustrate this model, this paper presents a case study of a building in Colombia in which a modified version of LEED is proposed. 相似文献
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浅议推广普及绿色建筑的策略 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文根据人类发展所面临的环境和能源问题与建筑能耗的关系,认为发展绿色建筑是今后建筑发展的必然趋势,并就我国绿色建筑发展的现状,提出了在建筑领域各个行业和环节中普及实施绿色建筑的策略。 相似文献
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William E. Rees 《Building Research & Information》1999,27(4):206-220
The human population is rapidly urbanizing, leading many observers to conclude that humans are leaving nature and the countryside behind. This is a perceptual error consistent with the technological optimism inherent in the prevailing expansionist cultural worldview. By contrast, ecological analysis reveals that modern cities are actually increasingly dependent on the goods and services of nature. This fact is merely obscured by technology and urbanization itself. Typical high-income cities appropriate the productive and assimilative capacity of a vast and increasingly global hinterland, resulting in an 'ecological footprint' several hundred times larger than the areas they physically occupy. In the next 27 years, the urban population alone is expected to grow by the equivalent of the total human population in the 1930s. This will double the 1970s urban presence on the Earth. Unfortunately, the conventional development path is biophysically unsustainable, calling for a radical transformation of our thinking about urban form and function. Buildings account for 40% of the materials and about a third of the energy consumed by the world economy. Combined with ecocity design principles, green building technologies therefore have the potential to make an enormous contribution to a required 50% reduction in the energy and material intensity of consumption globally. The needed dematerialization increases to 90% in the high-income countries. Such enormous gains in material productivity are unlikely in the absence of significant ecological fiscal (tax) reform. Ironically, then, the most effective path to green buildings and ecocities may be intensive lobbying for higher taxes on primary energy and materials. La population de la Terre est en voie d'urbanisation rapide, ce qui amene de nombreux observateurs a conclure que l'homme abandonne la nature et la campagne. Cette erreur de perception va de pair avec l'optimisme technologique inherent a la mondialisation culturelle et a l'expansionnisme qui prevalent aujourd'hui. Or, l'analyse ecologique fait apparaitre, au contraire, que les villes modernes sont en expansion dans un contexte de dependance vis-a-vis des biens et des services que procure la nature. Mais cette situation est tout simplement escamotee par la technologie et l'urbanisation. Les villes a revenus eleves s'approprient la capacite de production et d'assimilation d'une vaste zone fonctionnelle globale, en expansion, qui se traduit par une 'empreinte ecologique' dont la surface depasse de plusieurs centaines de fois la surface que ces villes occupent reellement. Dans les 27 prochaines annees, la population urbaine seule devrait voir passer ses effectifs a un nombre equivalent a la population totale du globe de 1930. Ainsi, la part que representaient les villes dans les annees 1970 va-t-elle se trouver doublee. Malheureusement, la filiere du developpement classique n'est pas durable sur le plan biophysique et appelle une transformation radicale de notre maniere de penser en termes de formes et de fonctions urbaines. Les batiments utilisent 40% des materiaux et environ un tiers de l'energie consommes par l'economie mondiale. Associees aux principes de conception de cites ecologiques, les technologies des 'batiments verts' devraient permettre d'atteindre l'objectif vise au niveau de la planete qui est de reduire de 50% la consommation d'energie et l'utilisation de materiaux. Cette dematerialisation necessaire passe a 90% dans les pays a hauts revenus. En l'absence de toute reforme significative de la fiscalite ecologique, de tels gains de productivite paraissent impossibles a atteindre. Il est ironique de penser que la voie la plus efficace vers les batiments verts et les cites ecologiques pourrait passer par le travail de groupes de pression favorables a une augmentation des impots sur les materiaux et l'energie primaire. 相似文献
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介绍了绿色建材的概念、特点,分析了中国建材目前存在的问题和不可持续发展的现状,探讨并分析了发展绿色建材的必要性和前景。 相似文献
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Niklaus Kohler 《Building Research & Information》1999,27(4):309-320
The objectives and achievements of the international Green Building Challenge project are analysed. GBC is situated within the context of other international environmental methods. The differences between assessment tools, design tools, environmental management and audit tools and the large data problems entailed by these are discussed. Possible development scenarios for extending GBC into Life Cycle Assessment methodology, into other life cycle phases (maintenance and refurbishment) and adapting GBC for use with the existing building stocks are proposed. The notion of 'green' buildings is replaced by a larger concept of sustainable development. New aggregation principles and scaleable design methods are proposed. Finally, the question of how relevant the proposed targets of GBC are in relation to the longterm sustainable development of buildings, building stock and urban environments is addressed. Cet article analyse les objectifs et les resultats du projet international Green Building Challenge (GBC). Le GBC est situe dans le contexte d'autres methodes internationales consacrees a l'environnement. Les differences entre les outils d'evaluation, les outils de conception, la gestion de l'environnement, les outils de controle ainsi que les vastes problemes lies aux donnees qui en decoulent sont egalement examines. L'auteur propose des scenarios possibles de developpement qui devraient permettre d'etendre le GBC a la methode de l'evaluation des cycles de vie, a d'autres phases du cycle de vie (maintenance et remise en etat) et a l'adaptation du GBC afin qu'il soit applique au parc immobilier existant. La notion de 'batiment vert' est remplacee par un concept plus large de developpement durable. De nouveaux principes d'agregation et des methodes de conception a differentation variable sont proposes. Enfin, l'article pose la question de la pertinence des cibles proposees par le GBC par rapport au developpement durable a long terme des batiments, du parc immobilier et des environnements urbains. 相似文献
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This paper reports on experiences from the Swedish participation in Green Building Challenge '98 and ongoing similar work in Sweden. It argues against very simplified environmental assessment methods and recommends, as far as possible, calculation of environmental effects caused by buildings during their life cycle. Participation in the development of the GBC tool provided a broad view of the issues, clarified different opinions in a new field and provided additional stimulation while developing our national assessment methodology, EcoEffect. The environmental assessment of buildings is discussed in relation to the strength and weaknesses of the GBC system. The design and characteristics of 'green buildings' in Sweden is addressed, including ten poster presentations and two case studies presented at GBC '98. Cet article rend compte des experiences liees a la participation de la Suede au projet Green Building Challenge '98 et a des travaux similaires en cours d'execution en Suede. Il procede a l'analyse critique de methodes d'evaluation de l'environnement tres simplifiees et recommande que, dans la mesure du possible, on calcule les incidences sur l'environnement imputables aux batiments pendant leur cycle de vie. La contribution aux travaux de developpement du GBC Tool a permis d'arriver a une vision plus large des problemes, de faire la lumiere sur des opinions differentes dans un domaine nouveau et est a l'origine d'une stimulation nouvelle tout en developpant notre methodologie d'evaluation nationale, EcoEffect. L'evaluation environnementale de batiments est passee en revue sur fond de points forts et de points faibles du systeme GBC. L'article etudie la conception et les caracteristiques des 'batiments verts' en Suede; ce sujet fait egalement l'objet de 10 presentations par affiches et de 2 etudes de cas presentees a la conference GBC '98. 相似文献
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Built environment has a substantial impact on the economy, society, and the environment. Along with the increasing environmental consideration of the building impacts, the environmental assessment of buildings has gained substantial importance in the construction industry. In this study, an artificial neural network model is built to predict cost premium of LEED certified green buildings based on LEED categories. To verify the viability of the model, multiple regression analysis is used as a benchmarking model. After validating the prediction power of the neural network model, a global sensitivity analysis is utilized to provide a better understanding of possible relationships between input and output variables of the prediction model. Sustainable Sites and Energy & Atmosphere LEED categories were found to have the highest sensitivity in cost premium prediction. In this study, our goal was to reveal the significant relationships between LEED categories and the cost premium, and offer a decision model that can guide owners to estimate cost premiums based on sought LEED credits. 相似文献
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Reconciling theory and practice of life-cycle costing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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LEED指标、绿色建筑和可持续发展--Ray Cale教授访谈 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
笔者对Ray Cole教授就LEED指标,绿色建筑和可持续发展等方面的内容进行了一次访谈。该文是这次访谈的部分内容。 相似文献
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建筑信息模型(BIM)是一个使用数
字模型来支持虚拟设计和施工的协作工作流
程,可以简化项目交付工作流程并提高建筑
性能。使用BIM为能源绩效评估和可持续性
评估提供数据,被称为绿色BIM。近年来,
BIM的采用在世界上许多国家和城市显著增
长。基于BIM的能效分析可以帮助项目设计
团队检查和创建优化的能源效率。绿色BIM
方法可以帮助专业人士预测建筑的结果,从
而在整个生命周期中将其对环境的影响降至
最低。如果能够收集有用的信息和数据并将
其提供给设施管理员和最终用户,绿色BIM
的潜力可以得到增强。本文将解释BIM的主
要特征,描述可持续建筑环境的信息要求和
管理,并探讨使用BIM和其他相关技术促进
绿色建筑发展的新机会。 相似文献
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气候适应性建筑表皮作为建筑物与空气、阳光、阴影和水的分界面。是协调内外环境的智能面层,已成为建筑表皮发展的新趋势。整合设计过程(IDP)也为可持续建筑设计(SBD)带来了新的契机。包括设计的创新以及设计决策的客观性。实际案例选择的建筑实践是将气候与地域文脉整合设计的典型案例,通过丰富的图例试图揭示气候适应性表皮构件复杂的层次关系。并体现出隐藏在建筑表皮外观下的建筑系统整合过程,凸显了整合设计的介入过程。 相似文献