聚醚醚酮/碳化硅复合材料的结构及性能

为满足聚醚醚酮(PEEK)特种封装塑料在特殊环境中应用的高耐热性、高力学性能和透波性能等需求,通过分别将玻璃纤维(GF)和碳化硅纤维(SiC)经熔融共混的方式引入PEEK中,并采用注塑成型的方式制备PEEK复合材料;使用扫描电子显微镜、差示量热扫描仪、万能拉力试验仪、热重分析仪和矢量分析仪对复合材料的拉伸断裂面形貌结构、熔融和结晶行为、力学性能、热稳定性以及电磁屏蔽性能等特性进行了深入研究。结果表明,SiC纤维与PEEK基体具有良好的界面相容性,PEEK/SiC复合材料的力学性能较PEEK/GF复合材料更为优异,其拉伸断裂强度和模量及冲击强度分别可达130.4 MPa,7.39 GPa和14.8 kJ/m²,比纯PEEK分别提高了67%,347%和143%。此外,PEEK/SiC复合材料还表现出优异的热稳定性和良好的透波性能。研究结果说明,小尺寸SiC纤维填充PEEK复合材料具有更优的力学性能、耐热性能和透波性能。为在极端环境中应用的电子封装材料的研究与开发提供了有益的思路。     

功能化碳纳米管的制备及功能化碳纳米管/尼龙6复合纤维

采用多聚磷酸(PPA)/P₂O₅弱酸体系, 通过傅克反应(Friedel-Crafts reaction)对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行功能化改性, 加入己内酰胺后采用原位聚合法制备功能化碳纳米管(F-MWCNTs)/尼龙6(PA6)复合材料, 并熔融纺丝制备复合纤维。通过TEM、TG、DSC、SEM及力学性能测试对复合纤维进行表征。结果表明: 在MWCNTs表面成功地接枝了氨基, F-MWCNTs均匀地分散在PA6基体中, 没有发生团聚现象, 并且与基体具有很好的界面作用; F-MWCNTs的加入, 对复合纤维的熔融温度和结晶度影响不大, 结晶温度有所提高, 并明显提高了复合纤维的热稳定性; 随着F-MWCNTs的加入, 复合纤维的拉伸断裂强度和杨氏模量增加, 当F-MWCNTs质量分数为0.5%时, 拉伸断裂强度和杨氏模量达到最大, 比纯PA6纤维分别提高了45%和208%。     

紧张热定型工艺对多壁碳纳米管/聚醚醚酮复合纤维结构和性能的影响

采用熔融共混纺丝工艺制备多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)质量分数分别为0.1%和0.5%的MWCNTs/PEEK(聚醚醚酮)复合纤维,研究了紧张热定型过程中热定型温度和降温速率对复合纤维结构和性能的影响。采用TEM、SEM、DSC、DMA、XRD和单纤维电子强力仪研究了复合纤维的形貌、结构和性能。结果表明:复合纤维的热定型温度和冷却降温速率对其杨氏模量、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均有影响,经过热定型处理,复合纤维内部MWCNTs的取向程度明显提高。280℃热定型、1.5℃/min冷却纤维的拉伸强度达384MPa,杨氏模量为0.62GPa,断裂伸长率28%,拉伸强度和杨氏模量分别较130℃热定型纤维提高了147%和19%,获得了优化复合纤维性能的最佳工艺条件。      

不同拉伸比的形状记忆纤维的制备及性能研究

用冻胶法直接纺制热致感应型形状记忆纤维,并对初生纤维进行了拉伸处理,通过各种测试手段研究了不同拉伸比下纤维的吸水性能、热性能、动态力学性能以及形状记忆特性。结果表明,随着拉伸比的提高,纤维的断裂强度增大,吸水性降低,纤维的模量提高,且显示出更好的热致感应形状记忆性能。     

原位混杂增强热塑性复合材料

提出原位混杂复合材料的结构模型,以聚醚醚酮(PEEK)及聚碳酸酯(PC)为基体进行原位混杂复合.对所得的热致液晶聚合物(TLCP)微纤与宏观纤维混杂增强的TLCP/碳纤维(CF)/PEEK和TLCP/玻璃纤维(GF)/PC原位混杂复合材料的加工流变学、几何学与力学特性进行了研究.     

可溶性聚醚醚酮对复合环氧/DDM的改性

热熔法制备了可溶性聚醚醚酮（s-PEEK）/E-51/多官能度环氧树脂复合体系,测试了体系的冲击强度、高温拉伸剪切强度和玻璃化温度,用扫描电镜（SEM）观察体系的微观结构,并与聚醚醚酮（PEEK）改性进行对比。结果表明,复合环氧体系加入两种聚醚醚酮后冲击强度下降,但含量为5g时出现较大值;体系的玻璃化温度随着s-PEE...     

静电纺丝法制备PLA/CNCs纳米复合薄膜及其性能研究

采用静电纺丝法成功将纳米纤维素晶体(CNCs)植入聚乳酸(PLA)基体中,制备出网状结构的绿色纳米复合材料,并探讨了PLA/CNCs薄膜的微观形貌、结晶度、热学性能和机械性能随CNCs添加量的变化趋势。结果表明,随着CNCs添加量的增加,静电纺PLA/CNCs纳米复合材料薄膜珠状纤维减少,纤维直径增大;纳米复合纤维薄膜的结晶度提高了87.9%;纳米复合纤维薄膜的最大热解温度由369.36℃提升到380.02℃;纳米复合纤维的拉伸性能随CNCs添加量的增加而显著提高,CNCs添加量为11%(质量分数)时得到的最大拉伸力和拉伸强度最大分别为3.76N和4.58MPa,与纯PLA薄膜相比分别提高了289%和159%。     

原位混杂增强塑性复合材料

提出原位混杂复合材料的结构模型,以聚醚醚酮（PEEK）及聚碳酸酯（PC）为基体进行原位混杂复合,对所得的热致液晶聚合物（TLCP）微纤与宏观纤维混杂增强的TLCP／碳纤维（CF）／PEEK和TLCP／玻璃纤维（GF）／PC原位混杂复合材料的的加工流变学,几何学与力学特性进行了研究。     

拉伸热定型对PPS纤维结构与性能的影响

以国产聚苯硫醚(PPS)为原料,采用熔融法纺丝制备PPS纤维,测定了拉伸倍数、拉伸温度和热定型温度对纤维结构与性能的影响。结果表明,PPS纤维的断裂强度和整体取向随拉伸倍数的变化趋势一致,收缩率随拉伸倍数的增大而增大;随着拉伸温度的升高,纤维收缩率减小,而断裂强度和取向呈先增大后减小的趋势;随热定型温度升高,纤维断裂强度增大,收缩率减小。     

短纤维填充PEEK复合材料的非等温结晶动力学研究

采用傅里叶红外光谱研究聚醚醚酮(PEEK)及其复合材料的化学结构,通过差示扫描量热法研究它们的非等温结晶过程,并采用Jeziorny方程进行非等温结晶动力学分析,获得相关非等温动力学参数.结果 表明,PEEK与短纤维复合过程中没有发生化学变化,随着升温速率的增加,PEEK及其复合材料的动力学结晶速率常数(Zt)和非等温...     

碳纤维-AlN/聚醚醚酮复合材料的制备与性能

以聚醚醚酮(PEEK)为基体树脂、碳纤维(CF)和氮化铝(AlN)为填料,通过模压成型的方法制备了抗静电耐热型CF-AlN/PEEK复合材料。采用高阻计、导热系数测定仪、热失重、差示扫描量热仪和SEM研究了CF-AlN/PEEK复合材料的抗静电性能、热性能、力学性能以及降温速率对复合材料性能的影响,并探讨了后期热处理对力学性能的影响。结果表明:当CF和AlN的质量分数均为10%时,CF-AlN/PEEK复合材料的性能较优,其表面电阻率达到108 Ω,比PEEK的表面电阻率提高了6个数量级;导热系数为0.418 W·(m·K)-1,初始分解温度高达573℃;拉伸强度提高了40.4%;降温速率越低,复合材料的熔点越高;后期热处理会影响CF-AlN/PEEK复合材料的力学性能,在270℃下热处理2 h,其拉伸强度可达146 MPa,表明在生产过程中,加工温度是影响复合材料性能的因素之一。      

Phase behaviour and mechanical properties of poly(ether ether ketone)-poly(ether sulphone) blends

The phase behaviour and the mechanical properties of binary blends composed of poly(ether ether ketone) and poly(ether sulphone) have been studied both in the amorphous state and after crystallization of poly(ether ether ketone).Differential scanning calorimetry and dynamical mechanical analysis clearly show the existence of phase separation in the blends. Density measurements confirm the absence of strong interactions between the blend components, as well as the slight effect of PES on the crystallization of PEEK.The mechanical properties of the quenched, amorphous blends remain surprisingly good in spite of the observed immiscibility, however, slowly cooled, crystalline blends appear as brittle materials.     

聚醚醚酮增韧改性环氧树脂

采用共混法用聚醚醚酮(PEEK)改性环氧树脂(EP),借助差示扫描量热分析(DSC)确定了环氧树脂的固化工艺,测试了共混体系的工艺性能,研究了聚醚醚酮含量对环氧树脂力学性能的影响。借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对材料断裂面的形态结构进行了分析,探讨了体系的形态结构与冲击性能之间的关系。结果表明,在改性材料的韧性有所提高的同时,压缩强度、马丁耐热都没有降低。从断裂面的形态来看,是属于韧性断裂。当PEEK的加入量为6%时,韧性最好,达到19．1kJ/m~2,比纯的环氧树脂增加了107．6%。     

聚醚醚酮增韧改性环氧树脂

采用共混法用聚醚醚酮(PEEK)改性环氧树脂(EP),借助差示扫描量热分析(DSC)确定了环氧树脂的固化工艺,测试了共混体系的工艺性能,研究了聚醚醚酮含量对环氧树脂力学性能的影响.借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对材料断裂面的形态结构进行了分析,探讨了体系的形态结构与冲击性能之间的关系.结果表明,在改性材料的韧性有所提高的同时,压缩强度、马丁耐热都没有降低.从断裂面的形态来看,是属于韧性断裂.当PEEK的加入量为6%时,韧性最好,达到19.1 kJ/m2,比纯的环氧树脂增加了107.6%.     

Effect of carbon nanotubes on the mechanical properties and crystallization behavior of poly(ether ether ketone)

Pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and noncovalently functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) were used to prepare poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) composites (CNTs/PEEK and f-CNTs/PEEK) via melt blending. Noncovalently functionalized multiwalled nanotubes were synthesized using hydrogen-bonding interactions between sulfonic groups of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) and carboxylic groups of nanotubes treated by acid (CNTs–COOH). The effects of these two kinds of nanotubes on the mechanical properties and crystallization behavior of PEEK were investigated. CNTs improved mechanical properties and promoted the crystallization rate of PEEK as a result of heterogeneous nucleation. Better enhancement of mechanical properties appeared in the f-CNTs/PEEK composites, which is ascribed to the good interaction between f-CNTs and PEEK. However, the strong interaction of f-CNTs and PEEK chains decreased the crystallization rate of PEEK for high content of f-CNTs.     

Thin film and bulk deformation behaviour of poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(ether imide) blends

The deformation behaviour of amorphous thin films of poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK)/poly(ether imide) (PEI) blends was investigated over a wide temperature range by optical and transmission electron microscopy. All the materials showed localized shear deformation at temperatures well below Tg. In pure PEI and in blends with up to 60 wt% PEEK content, a transition from shear deformation to disentanglement crazing occurred as the temperature was raised. However, this transition was absent in PEEK, which deformed by shear over the whole temperature range, and similar behaviour was found for PEI/80 wt% PEEK. It is argued that at high PEEK content disentanglement crazing is suppressed by strain-induced crystallization and some evidence for crystalline order in deformed regions of initially amorphous PEEK thin films was obtained by electron diffraction. The thin film deformation behaviour of the blends was also shown to be consistent with their bulk deformation behaviour, a high temperature ductile–brittle transition being observed at low PEEK content in tensile tests. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

聚醚醚酮和烯丙基化合物改性双马来酰亚胺复合材料微观结构及力学性能

采用浓H₂SO₄氧化聚醚醚酮（PEEK）得到磺化聚醚醚酮（SPEEK）,以3,3'-二烯丙基双酚A （BBA）、双酚A双烯丙基醚（BBE）为活性稀释剂、SPEEK为改性剂、双马来酰亚胺（BMI）树脂为基体,浇注成型制备SPEEK/BBA-BBE-BMI复合材料,同时研究了SPEEK的改性效果及复合材料微观形貌与力学性能。结果表明：SPEEK改性效果较好,在FTIR中存在明显的磺酸基团特征峰,SEM和能谱分析表明,SPEEK微观形貌变化明显,硫元素含量较高;SPEEK/BBA-BBE-BMI复合材料的微观形貌显示,SPEEK在基体中呈现直径为2 μm左右的多孔状两相结构,且分散均匀,此多孔结构改善了复合材料的断裂形貌,由脆性断裂转变为韧性断裂,当断裂纹遇到SPEEK组分时受阻而出现不规则发散,此变化会赋予复合材料更加优异的性能。力学性能测试结果显示,当SPEEK含量为5wt%时,SPEEK/BBA-BBE-BMI复合材料的弯曲强度和冲击强度达到最佳,分别为147.93 MPa和15.74 kJ/mm²,分别比基体提高了49.47%和66.21%。     

The mechanical properties of insert-molded poly (ether imide) (PEI)/C fiber poly (ether ether ketone)(PEEK) composites

The mechanical properties of insert-molded poly(ether imide) (PEI)/carbon fiber poly(etheretherketone) (CF PEEK) have been examined. Bimaterial composite specimens were constructed by injecting CF PEEK into a mold containing one-half of a PEI tensile specimen. These PEI/CF PEEK composites retained much of their strength and dimensional integrity at temperatures as high as 200°C. Variations in test speed had little affect on breaking strains or stiffness. For two grades of PEI examined, properties were independent of the molecular weight of the PEI. Ultimate properties and fracture surfaces suggested good adhesion between the PEI and CF PEEK, possibly aided by miscibility between the two materials. The PEI/CF PEEK bimaterial composites behaved similarly to PC/CF PEEK specimens, but exhibited higher breaking stresses and moduli, both at room and elevated temperatures.     

Carbon-nanofibre-reinforced poly(ether ether ketone) fibres

Nano-reinforced fibres were spun from a semicrystalline high-performance poly(ether ether ketone) containing up to 10 wt% vapour-grown carbon nanofibres using conventional polymer processing equipment. Mechanical tensile testing revealed increases in nanocomposite stiffness, yield stress, and fracture strength for both as-spun and heat-treated fibres. X-ray and differential scanning calorimetry analyses were performed in order to investigate both the orientation of nanofibres within the polymer matrix and the matrix morphology. The carbon nanofibres were found to be well aligned with the direction of flow during processing. Significantly, the degree of crystallinity of the poly(ether ether ketone) matrix was found to increase with the initial addition of nanofibres although the crystal structure was not affected. The measured increase in composite tensile modulus is compared to injection-moulded nanocomposite samples made from the same blends. The results highlight the need to characterise the matrix morphology when evaluating nanocomposite performance and hence deducing the intrinsic properties of the nanoscale reinforcement.