基于类决策树分类的特征层融合识别算法

针对雷达组网量测数据不确定性大、信息不完备等特点, 基于决策树分类算法的思想, 创建类决策树的概念, 提出一种基于类决策树分类的特征层融合识别算法. 所给出的算法无需训练样本, 采用边构造边分类的方式, 选取信 息增益最大的属性作为分类属性对量测数据进行分类, 实现了对目标的识别. 该算法能够处理含有空缺值的量测数据, 充分利用量测数据的特征信息. 仿真实验结果表明, 类决策树分类算法是一种简单有效的特征层融合识别算法.

     

基于特征级和决策级融合的人脸吸引力评价方法

在个性化的人脸吸引力的研究中,由于特征缺失和对于大众审美的影响因素考虑不足,导致预测个人偏好无法到达很高的预测精度。为了提高预测精度,提出了一个基于特征级和决策级信息融合的个性化人脸吸引力预测框架。首先,将代表不同人脸美丽特征的客观特性融合到一起,利用特征选择算法挑选出具有代表性的人脸吸引力特征,并利用不同的信息融合策略将人脸局部、全局特征融合起来;然后,将传统的人脸特征与通过深度网络自动提取的特征融合起来。同时,提出多种融合策略进行对比,将代表着大众审美偏好的评分信息与代表个人偏好的个性化评分信息进行决策级融合,最终实现个性化的人脸吸引力预测评分。实验结果表明,相比现有针对个性化人脸吸引力评价研究的算法,所提的多层次融合方法在预测精度方面有显著的提升,能够达到Pearson相关系数0.9以上。该方法可用于个性化推荐、人脸美化等领域。     

一种飞机图像目标多特征信息融合识别方法

提出了一种基于概率神经网络(Probabilistic neural networks, PNN)和DSmT推理 (Dezert-Smarandache theory)的飞机图像目标多特征融合识别算法. 针对提取的多个图像特征量,利用数据融合的思想对来自图像目标各个特征量提供的信息进行融合处理.首先,对图像进行二值化预处理,并提取Hu矩、归一化转动惯量、 仿射不变矩、轮廓离散化参数和奇异值特征5个特征量;其次, 针对DSmT理论中信度赋值构造困难的问题,利用PNN网络,构造目标识别率矩阵,通过目标识别率矩阵对证据源进行信度赋值;然后,用DSmT组合规则在决策级层进行融合,从而完成对飞机目标的识别;最后,在目标图像小畸变情形下, 将本文提出的图像多特征信息融合方法和单一特征方法进行了对比测试实验,结果表明本文方法在同等条件下正确识别率得到了很大提高,同时达到实时性要求,而且具有有效拒判能力和目标图像尺寸不敏感性. 即使在大畸变情况下,识别率也能达到89.3%.     

Random forest-based scheme using feature and decision levels information for multi-focus image fusion

Often captured images are not focussed everywhere. Many applications of pattern recognition and computer vision require all parts of the image to be well-focussed. The all-in-focus image obtained, through the improved image fusion scheme, is useful for downstream tasks of image processing such as image enhancement, image segmentation, and edge detection. Mostly, fusion techniques have used feature-level information extracted from spatial or transform domain. In contrast, we have proposed a random forest (RF)-based novel scheme that has incorporated feature and decision levels information. In the proposed scheme, useful features are extracted from both spatial and transform domains. These features are used to train randomly generated trees of RF algorithm. The predicted information of trees is aggregated to construct more accurate decision map for fusion. Our proposed scheme has yielded better-fused image than the fused image produced by principal component analysis and Wavelet transform-based previous approaches that use simple feature-level information. Moreover, our approach has generated better-fused images than Support Vector Machine and Probabilistic Neural Network-based individual Machine Learning approaches. The performance of proposed scheme is evaluated using various qualitative and quantitative measures. The proposed scheme has reported 98.83, 97.29, 98.97, 97.78, and 98.14 % accuracy for standard images of Elaine, Barbara, Boat, Lena, and Cameraman, respectively. Further, this scheme has yielded 97.94, 98.84, 97.55, and 98.09 % accuracy for the real blurred images of Calendar, Leaf, Tree, and Lab, respectively.     

步态表征和步态融合方法新进展

作为可远距离感知的生物特征识别技术之一,步态识别受到越来越多的关注.有效的步态表征方法是步态识别的关键,信息融合是提高步态识别性能的重要手段.从步态表征方法和信息融合方法两方面总结了步态识别技术的最新进展;对步态表征方法做了详细的总结;从多特征融合、多视角融合和多模态生物特征融合3个方面归纳了融合在步态识别方面的发展.在此基础上,分析了步态识别的发展趋势.     

兼顾特征级和决策级融合的场景分类

针对单一特征在场景分类中精度不高的问题,借鉴信息融合的思想,提出了一种兼顾特征级融合和决策级融合的分类方法。首先,提取图像的尺度不变特征变换词包(SIFT-BoW)、Gist、局部二值模式(LBP)、Laws纹理以及颜色直方图五种特征。然后,将每种特征单独对场景进行分类得到的结果以Dezert-Smarandache理论(DSmT)推理的方式在决策级进行融合,获得决策级融合下的分类结果;同时,将五种特征串行连接实现特征级融合并进行分类,得到特征级融合下的分类结果。最后,将特征级和决策级的分类结果进行自适应的再次融合完成场景分类。在决策级融合中,为解决DSmT推理过程中基本信度赋值(BBA)构造困难的问题,提出一种利用训练样本构造后验概率矩阵来完成基本信度赋值的方法。在21类遥感数据集上进行分类实验,当训练样本和测试样本各为50幅时,分类精度达到88.61%,较单一特征中的最高精度提升了12.27个百分点,同时也高于单独进行串行连接的特征级融合或DSmT推理的决策级融合的分类精度。     

An integrated fuzzy MCDM approach for supplier evaluation and selection

A fuzzy multi-criteria group decision making approach that makes use of quality function deployment (QFD), fusion of fuzzy information and 2-tuple linguistic representation model is developed for supplier selection. The proposed methodology seeks to establish the relevant supplier assessment criteria while also considering the impacts of inner dependence among them. Two interrelated house of quality matrices are constructed, and fusion of fuzzy information and 2-tuple linguistic representation model are employed to compute the weights of supplier selection criteria and subsequently the ratings of suppliers. The proposed method is apt to manage non-homogeneous information in a decision setting with multiple information sources. The decision framework presented in this paper employs ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator, and the aggregation process is based on combining information by means of fuzzy sets on a basic linguistic term set. The proposed framework is illustrated through a case study conducted in a private hospital in Istanbul.     

Feature-level and decision-level fusion of noncoincidently sampledsensors for land mine detection

We present and compare methods for feature-level (predetection) and decision-level (postdetection) fusion of multisensor data. This study emphasizes fusion techniques that are suitable for noncommensurate data sampled at noncoincident points. Decision-level fusion is most convenient for such data, but it is suboptimal in principle, since targets not detected by all sensors will not obtain the full benefits of fusion. A novel algorithm for feature-level fusion of noncommensurate, noncoincidently sampled data is described, in which a model is fitted to the sensor data and the model parameters are used as features. Formulations for both feature-level and decision-level fusion are described, along with some practical simplifications. A closed-form expression is available for feature-level fusion of normally distributed data and this expression is used with simulated data to study requirements for sample position accuracy in multisensor data. The performance of feature-level and decision-level fusion algorithms are compared for experimental data acquired by a metal detector, a ground-penetrating radar, and an infrared camera at a challenging test site containing surrogate mines. It is found that fusion of binary decisions does not perform significantly better than the best available sensor. The performance of feature-level fusion is significantly better than the individual sensors, as is decision-level fusion when detection confidence information is also available (“soft-decision” fusion)     

多模态情绪识别研究综述

本文针对多模态情绪识别这一新兴领域进行综述。首先从情绪描述模型及情绪诱发方式两个方面对情绪识别的研究基础进行了综述。接着针对多模态情绪识别中的信息融合这一重难点问题,从数据级融合、特征级融合、决策级融合、模型级融合4种融合层次下的主流高效信息融合策略进行了介绍。然后从多种行为表现模态混合、多神经生理模态混合、神经生理与行为表现模态混合这3个角度分别列举具有代表性的多模态混合实例,全面合理地论证了多模态相较于单模态更具情绪区分能力和情绪表征能力,同时对多模态情绪识别方法转为工程技术应用提出了一些思考。最后立足于情绪识别研究现状的分析和把握,对改善和提升情绪识别模型性能的方式和策略进行了深入的探讨与展望。     

局域网络信息系统特征级开源目标融合仿真

在局域网络信息系统中,信息都储存在开源目标节点上,信息量较少,难以精准的获取以及很难做出正确决策。为了收集更多的开源信息,做出准确判断,提出基于开源目标度量融合框架的局域网络信息系统特征级融合算法。将RMF框架作为特征级开源目标融合策略的理论基础,使上述算法具有可行性和鲁棒性。通过融合运算,使向量融合空间保存大量有效信息,通过特征级开源目标融合后,提高向量维度,以获得较为理想的目标数量和精度。分析仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性与优越性,说明特征级开源目标融合,可以在局域网络信息系统中获取更多信息量,从而进行精准的决策。     

基于特征级融合神经网络的磁共振成像前列腺肿瘤CAD模型

针对磁共振成像(MRI)前列腺肿瘤感兴趣区域(ROI)在高维特征表示下存在特征相关和维数灾难问题,提出了一种基于主成分分析(PCA)的特征级融合神经网络(NN)的MRI前列腺肿瘤CAD模型。首先提取MRI前列腺肿瘤ROI的6维几何特征、6维统计特征、7维Hu不变矩特征、56维灰度共生矩阵的纹理特征、3维Tamura纹理特征和24维频域特征,得到102维特征矢量;然后通过PCA进行特征级融合得到累计贡献率达到89.62%的8维变换特征,降低特征矢量的维数;再次利用经典的神经网络(四种训练算法BFGS拟牛顿算法、BP算法、最速梯度下降算法和Levenberg-Marquardt算法)作为分类器进行分类识别;最后以180幅前列腺患者的MRI图像为原始数据,采用基于特征级融合神经网络(NN)的计算机辅助诊断模型对前列腺肿瘤进行辅助诊断。实验结果表明:经过特征级融合的神经网络识别前列腺良恶性肿瘤的能力至少提高10%左右,这种特征级融合策略是有效的,一定程度上提高了特征之间的不相关性。     

双色红外图像目标多特征决策级融合识别算法

针对双色红外成像系统中的自动目标识别问题,提出了一种采用多特征多分类器决策级融合的目标识别算法。该算法首先提取目标的形状特征和面貌特征;接着基于各种不同特征设计多个分类器对目标进行分类;然后采用所设计的多分类器决策级融合策略对多个分类器的目标分类结果进行融合处理;最后采用所提出的决策规则对多分类器融合分类结果进行处理得到最终的目标识别结果。该算法充分利用了目标在多传感器图像中的多种分类特征信息,在较大程度上提高了系统的目标识别效率和精确性。实验结果证实了该算法的有效性。     

基于尺度空间中多特征融合的医学影像分类

针对现有医学影像分类方法对临床不同类别影像特征描述效果不一致,且尺度变化敏感的问题,提出一种基于尺度空间提取多特征进行融合的分类方法。首先构建高斯差分尺度空间,然后在尺度空间中分别从灰度、纹理、形状、频域四种互补的角度描述医学影像,最后基于最大似然估计理论构建决策级特征融合模型,实现医学影像分类。严格依照IRMA医学影像类别编码标准选择实验数据,结果表明所提方法相对已有方法分类的平均F1值得到了5%~20%不同程度的提高, 更全面描述医学影像信息, 避免了特征降维造成的信息损失,有效提高了分类的准确率,具有临床应用价值。     

基于社团多特征融合嵌入表示的时序链路预测方法

时序动态网络在静态网络基础上综合了时间属性的概念,包含了网络结构的复杂性、动态性等内涵,是研究复杂网络链路预测问题的较优思维对象,因在现实世界中具有较高应用价值而备受关注。目前大部分传统方法研究对象仍局限于静态网络,存在对网络时域演化信息利用不充分、时间复杂度较高等问题。结合社会学理论,提出一种基于社团多特征融合嵌入表示的时序链路预测方法,该方法的核心思想是通过分析网络动态演化特性,在社团范围内学习节点的嵌入表示向量,融合多特征以衡量节点间连边的生成概率。利用网络集体影响力的方法对节点和连边的权值进行计算,基于集体影响的连边权值进行社团划分,将网络划分为若干个社团子图,得到基于集体影响的相似性指标。在社团范围内,利用有偏的随机游走,结合梯度优化的Skip-gram方法获取所有节点的嵌入表示向量,得到基于社团范围游走的相似性指标。融合节点的集体影响、社团范围节点的多个中心性特征和学习到的节点表示向量,得到多特征融合的相似性指标,3 种新指标都可以用于衡量节点之间形成连边的概率。对比基于移动平均、嵌入表示、图神经网络等经典时序链路预测方法,在 6 个真实数据集上的实验结果表明,所提基于社团多特征融合的方法在 AUC评价标准下取得更优的预测性能。     

多特征融合的网格模型简化方法

针对三维网格模型简化过程中的过简化和失真问题,提出一种利用多特征融合的度量方法引导三维网格模型的简化过程。该方法通过分析模型简化的误差度量准则和模型的特征信息,首先利用法向信息加权的二次误差方法度量模型的几何特征信息;然后采用三角形边长比信息加权的挠率度量模型的视觉特征信息;最后融合几何特征信息和视觉特征信息作为模型简化的多特征信息引导模型简化。实验结果表明,该方法可有效保证算法的计算效率,保持简化后模型的形态特征,解决了模型的过简化和失真问题。     

Hybrid fusion of score level and adaptive fuzzy decision level fusions for the finger-knuckle-print based authentication

This paper presents the hybrid of the adaptive fuzzy decision level fusion and the score level fusion for finger-knuckle-print (FKP) based authentication to improve over the individual fusion methods. The scores obtained from the fusion of the left index (LI) and the left middle (LM) and those obtained from the fusion of the right index (RI) and the right middle (RM) FKP are fused at the fuzzy decision level. The uncertainty in the local decisions made by the individual score level fusion methods is addressed by treating the error rates as fuzzy sets. The operating points (thresholds) are adapted to accommodate the varying the cost of false acceptance rate using the hybrid PSO algorithm that ensures the desired level of security. The error rates associated with the operating points are converted into the fuzzy domain by triangular membership functions and the alpha-cuts are applied on the membership functions for the better representation of uncertainty. The global fuzzy error rates are defuzzified using total distance criterion (TDC). The rigorous experimental results indicate that the hybrid fusion is superior to the component level fusion methods (score level and decision level fusion).     

语种辨识的多特征信息应用

提取动态的高层语言学特征建立了改进的语种相关的、联合的GMM-LM语种辨识方案。该方案减小了不同语种的高斯混合模型和语言模型之间的相关性,也降低了训练的复杂度。还提出了基于特征提取层和判决层融合技术的语种辨识系统。该系统利用了不同类型的特征对区分不同语种的贡献来增加不同语种语料之间的差异,并使相同语种的语料之间的差异减小。实验表明,设计的语种辨识系统具有较好的扩展性;基于特征提取层和判决层的融合系统能够有效地提高系统识别率。     

基于证据理论的小波域多特征医学图像融合

针对多源医学图像融合过程中融合权值选择的不确定性,根据DS证据理论,采用证据理论中的基本概率分配函数来描述判决结果的不确定性。利用图像的区域方差、区域能量、区域信息熵三个特征,然后对特征进行归一化,将各个特征值作为基本概率分配的依据,在小波域内对高频分量采用基于DS证据理论的多特征融合规则进行图像融合。利用拉普拉斯能量,在小波域内对低频分量采用拉普拉斯能量自适应融合规则。实验结果表示：所提算法综合了多个特征的优势,降低了融合过程中的不确定性,较大程度地保留了图像信息。     

Integration of multi-feature fusion and dictionary learning for face recognition

Recent research emphasizes more on analyzing multiple features to improve face recognition (FR) performance. One popular scheme is to extend the sparse representation based classification framework with various sparse constraints. Although these methods jointly study multiple features through the constraints, they just process each feature individually such that they overlook the possible high-level relationship among different features. It is reasonable to assume that the low-level features of facial images, such as edge information and smoothed/low-frequency image, can be fused into a more compact and more discriminative representation based on the latent high-level relationship. FR on the fused features is anticipated to produce better performance than that on the original features, since they provide more favorable properties. Focusing on this, we propose two different strategies which start from fusing multiple features and then exploit the dictionary learning (DL) framework for better FR performance. The first strategy is a simple and efficient two-step model, which learns a fusion matrix from training face images to fuse multiple features and then learns class-specific dictionaries based on the fused features. The second one is a more effective model requiring more computational time that learns the fusion matrix and the class-specific dictionaries simultaneously within an iterative optimization procedure. Besides, the second model considers to separate the shared common components from class-specified dictionaries to enhance the discrimination power of the dictionaries. The proposed strategies, which integrate multi-feature fusion process and dictionary learning framework for FR, realize the following goals: (1) exploiting multiple features of face images for better FR performances; (2) learning a fusion matrix to merge the features into a more compact and more discriminative representation; (3) learning class-specific dictionaries with consideration of the common patterns for better classification performance. We perform a series of experiments on public available databases to evaluate our methods, and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed models.     

基于多特征融合的异质信息搜索推荐算法研究

提出基于多特征融合的异质信息搜索推荐算法。利用知识图谱技术提取异质信息特征,选取多视图机模型;利用协同注意力机制学习融合多特征异质信息的局部信息,通过softmax函数归一化处理融合得到信息的重要性向量;利用全部局部信息整合最终节点,获取分值函数;利用用户与商品间相应元路径交互获取多标签分类的全局信息推荐优化目标函数,结合分值函数与全局信息推荐优化目标函数实现异质信息的搜索推荐。算法测试结果表明,采用该算法可有效为用户推荐所需信息,推荐复杂度较低,搜索推荐异质信息的归一化折扣累计增益均高于0.35,具有较强的推荐性能,可应用于解决实际的信息过载问题。