Synthesis and Structural and Initial Cancer Cell Line Characterization of Organotin Polyesters from Dipicolinic Acid

The interfacial polymerization is employed to produce high polymer poly(ester ethers) from the reaction of the salt of dipicolinic acid and various organotin dihalides. They are rapidly synthesized with yield increasing as the length of the organotin alkyl chain increases. Infrared spectroscopy shows the formation of new bands derived from the Sn–O and Sn–O(CO) linkages. IR also shows that the products exist as a combination of molecular geometries about the tin atom. MALDI MS shows formation of ion fragment clusters to five and six units in length. The products show good inhibition of a variety of cancer cell lines including two pancreatic cancer cell lines.     

Synthesis and Characterization of New Polyesters Derived from Diphenols and Aromatic Diacids Chlorides

Summary A series of aromatic polyesters, were synthesized under phase transfer conditions. The copolymers were obtained in an essentially quantitative yield. These polyesters were soluble in chloroform and readily form clear, colorless films from solution. The optimum conditions of polymerization were obtained via interfacial polymerization at room temperature and with a reaction time of 4 h in chloroform. All polymers were characterized by FTIR, GPC, viscosity, water contact angle, water absorption, TGA, DSC, X-ray, and NMR. The structures of the polymers were confirmed by NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The prepared polyesters showed excellent thermal stability as measured by TGA (10% wt. loss) is moderate and ranges from 438 to 473 °C in argon, glass transition temperatures are between 147 and 215 °C, water contact angles for these polymers ranged were from 74^° to 90^°, Inherent viscosity values range obtained from 0.35 to 1.3 dL.g-1 and Mw values range from 30.5 to 159×10³.     

Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Preliminary Biological Characterization of Organotin Polyethers Derived from Hydroquinone and Substituted Hydroquinones

A variety of dibutyltin polyethers have been synthesized employing the interfacial polymerization technique. The products are polymers with degrees of polymerization ranging from 60 to 390. Infrared spectral and mass spectral results are consistent with the proposed structure. The products show good inhibition of a variety of cancer cells including those associated with bone, breast, prostrate, and lung cancers. Some also show good viral inhibition of the HSV-1 (herpes simplex) and Vaccina (small pox) viruses with those derived from electron rich hydroquinone derivative being most active. Hydroquinone-derived polymers containing electron withdrawing groups exhibit inhibition of a variety of gram positive and gram negative bacteria.     

Organotin Polyesters and Polyethers — Synthesis and Biocidal Properties

Poly-tributyl and -triphenyltin esters or ethers were prepared by reaction of various natural and synthetic polymers containing carboxyl, sulfonic or hydroxyl groups with organotin chlorides, hydroxides or oxides. The biocidal properties of the polymers were investigated.     

两种3,5 - 二氨基苯甲酰氨基脂肪酸的合成与表征

以3,5-二硝基苯甲酰氯、4-氨基丁酸和11-氨基十一烷酸为原料,合成了两种超支化聚酰胺AB2型单体——4-(3,5-二氨基苯甲酰氨基)丁酸和11-(3,5-二氨基苯甲酰氨基)十一烷酸。改进了含有两个硝基的羧酸类化合物还原成氨基酸类化合物的方法,采用钯炭催化加氢还原,简化了实验操作及后处理,产品收率达91.2%和93.8%。通过FT-IR、1H NMR和13C NMR对相关化合物进行了结构表征。     

Enzymatic Synthesis of Biodegradable Polyesters using Succinic Acid Monomer Derived from Cellulose of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch

Oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber (OPEFB) is a lignocellulosic waste from palm oil mills. It is a potential source of glucose and xylose that can be used as raw materials for the production of valuable compounds such as succinic acid. The present study aims at producing biodegradable polyesters from OPEFB-derived monomer using enzymatic polymerization. Cellulose was extracted from OPEFB by using organosolv method. Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose was carried out using Celluclast and Novozyme 188 at 40?°C, with agitation rate of 145?rpm. Amount of enzyme and cellulose as well as reaction time were varied. The highest glucose concentration produced was 167.4?g/L. Succinic acid was produced when glucose was subjected to fermentation using Actinobacillus succinogenes with the highest concentration of 23.50?g/L. Biodegradable polyesters were produced when succinic acid together with 1,4-butanediol, glycerol and ethylene glycol, respectively, were subjected to Lipase (Candida Antartica CALB). Molecular weight obtained for poly(butylene succinate), poly(glycerol succinate), and poly(ethylene succinate) were 5.90?×?10⁴, 6.20?×?10⁴, and 4.53?×?10⁴ g/mol, respectively. The greatest extent of biodegradability of polyester found was 78.65?±?0.65%.     

Synthesis of Organotin Polyesters from Reaction of the Salt of <Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">d</Emphasis>-Camphoric Acid and Organotin Dihalides and Initial Anticancer Activity

Organotin polyesters were synthesized from d-camphoric acid. Since d-camphoric acid is a natural product, this is part of the green chemistry initiative. Further, synthesis occurred employing commercially available reactants and the interfacial system which is used industrially to synthesize aramids and polycarbonates. Thus, scale-up is straightforward. Polymers were synthesized employing the interfacial reaction between various organotin dihalides and the salt of d-camphoric acid. Reaction was rapid occurring in 30 s and less. Product yield was good except for the product from dioctyltin dichloride. The products are polymeric with chain lengths from 230 to 2200. Structural characterization with infrared spectrometry and MALDI MS are consistent with the formation of organotin polyesters containing the camphoric acid moiety within its backbone. IR shows formation of the Sn–OOC(O) linkage with the polymer having a combination of bridging and non-bridging geometrical arrangements about the tin atom. MALDI MS shows ion fragment to two and three repeat units. The products exhibit good ability to inhibit a battery of cancer cells including those from pancreatic cancer. The effective concentration for inhibition of the cancer cell lines are generally in the same range as those found for cisplatin and in the ng/mL range.     

铀-2，5-吡啶二羧酸配合物的合成及电化学性质的研究

以二氧化铀、2。5-吡啶二羧酸为原料．采用回流法合成了配合物U（C7H3NO4）3（C7H6NO4）4·3H2O,并对其进行了红外光谱、紫外光谱、元素分析及电化学性质分析等表征。循环伏安结果表明,该配合物有两对氧化还原峰,电子转移发生在电对U（ Ⅵ ）/U（ Ⅴ ）和U（ Ⅴ ）/U（ Ⅳ ）。配合物U（C7H3NO4）3（C7H6NO4）4·3H2O具有良好的氧化还原电化学性能。     

Environmentally Friendly Nonionic Surfactants Derived from Tannic Acid: Synthesis, Characterization and Surface Activity

In order to discover new and safe surfactants with regard to the environment, new environmentally friendly nonionic surface active agents were synthesized by the reaction of tannic acid (as a natural product presents in several plants) and polyethylene glycol fatty acids containing different numbers of ethylene glycol units. The fatty acids were dodecanoic, hexadecanoic, octadecanoic and oleic acids. The chemical structures of the synthesized surfactants were confirmed using elemental analysis, infrared and ¹H-NMR spectroscopy. The molecular weights of the synthesized surfactants were determined using viscosity measurements and gel permeation chromatography. The surface properties of these surfactants were determined using surface tension measurements. The chemical structure?Csurface activity relationship of these surfactants showed a strong dependence of the surface activity on their chemical structures including the hydrophobic chains and the number of ethylene glycol units incorporated in the molecules. The free energy of micellization of the surfactants in their solutions showed their tendency towards micellization in the bulk of their solutions, while the free energy of adsorption showed their high tendency towards adsorption at the air?Cwater interface.     

3，5-二差劲基苯甲酸的合成

3 ,5 二羟基苯甲酸是重要的精细化工中间体 ,可用于医药、农药的合成。 3,5 二羟基苯甲酸是以苯甲酸为原料 ,经磺化、碱熔、精制而得 ,收率为 5 8%～ 6 5 % ,含量 99%以上。这条路线的成本低 ,三废可以治理 ,符合工业生产的要求。     

氨基酸衍生联酚与聚乙二醇两亲共聚物的合成与表征

选用不同分子量的聚乙二醇(PEG),与环肽按照不同的摩尔比共聚,合成了一系列新氨基酸衍生的聚醚酯.用FTIR与NMR分析系列聚合物的化学结构,用DSC表征共聚物的热性能.包含同种PEG的共聚物,其Tg随着PEG含量的增加而逐渐降低;比较含相同摩尔分数PEG的共聚物可知,分子量较高的PEG对共聚物的热性质影响更为明显.同时与聚碳酸酯(PC)相比,共聚物的溶解度也有所改变.通过比较不同组分共聚物的性能变化,建立了结构与性质的定性关系.     

四嗪类高氮含能化合物的合成与表征

以硝酸胍、水合肼、乙酰丙酮为起始原料制得3,6-对(3,5-二甲基吡唑)-1,2,4,5-四嗪(BT);以BT为前躯体,经亲核取代得到几种1,2,4,5-四嗪类高氮含能化合物,包括3-肼基-6-(3,5-二甲基吡唑)-1,2,4,5-四嗪(HDM PT)、3-叠氮基-6-(3,5-二甲基吡唑)-1,2,4,5-四嗪(IADM PT)、3,6-二肼基-1,2,4,5-四嗪(DHT)、3,6-二叠氮基-1,2,4,5-四嗪(D IAT)、3,6-二胍基-1,2,4,5-四嗪(DGTZ)。采用红外、质谱、核磁等分析手段对其进行了表征。     

偶氮四唑类高氮含能化合物的合成及表征

以5-氨基四唑为原料,合成了3种偶氮四唑类高氮含能化合物（偶氮四唑铵盐（AZT）、偶氮四唑胍盐（GZT）及偶氮四唑三氨基胍盐（TAGZT））,利用IR、NMR、DSC、熔点测试和元素分析鉴定了其结构,简要地介绍了其爆炸性能.研究表明,作为新型高氮含能材料,偶氮四唑盐具有高的正生成焓、成气量大、燃烧无烟或少烟、燃后剩余残渣少以及不吸湿等特点,且具有良好的爆炸性能,可作为新型气体发生剂、低特征信号推进剂、低烟或无烟烟火剂以及高能炸药的重要组分.     

3,5-二氯苯甲酸的合成

考察了在以邻氨基苯甲酸为原料，三氯化铁为催化剂，X为溶剂，直接通氯氯化，再经重氮化合物3，5－二氯苯甲酸的工艺过程中，物料配比，反应湿度等反应条件对收率的影响，确定了合成的适宜条件，通过此合成工艺，产品的收率可达85％以上。     

3,5-二甲氧基邻苯二甲酸酐的合成与表征

3,5-二甲氧基苯甲酸与水合氯醛进行烷基化和成环反应生成(4,6-二甲氧基-7-三氯甲基)-2-苯并[c]呋喃酮,然后经水解、脱羧、氧化、脱水反应合成了3,5-二甲氧基邻苯二甲酸酐,反应总得率78%。反应的中间物和目标产物用IR,1HNMR和MS等进行了表征。用该化合物合成取代蒽醌、金丝桃素及其衍生物的研究正在进行中。     

高锰酸钾氧化法制备3,5-吡啶二甲酸

采用KMnO4作氧化剂,3,5-二甲基吡啶为原料,通过氧化反应制备了3,5-吡啶二甲酸,产率达到60%以上。     

Bioactive Organotin Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Investigation

Antimicrobial properties of some newly prepared oil based organotin polymers by the condensation reaction between fatty amide diol (N,N′-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) castoroil fatty amide) obtained from castoroil and organotin dihydroxides (dibutyltin dihydroxide, dimethyltin dihydroxide and diphenyltin dihydroxide) have been studied by employing both Gram-positive (Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens, E. coli) bacteria. The structural studies of these three polymers were carried out by FTIR, ¹HNMR and ¹³ CNMR spectroscopic techniques. Standard laboratory methods were used to study the physiochemical characteristics like acid value, hydroxyl value, saponification value, iodine value, specific gravity and viscosity. A comparative study of the thermal stability was analysed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). All three polymers have been found fairly active against the tested bacterial species. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Cationic Lipids Derived from Thio Galactose

Two double chain cationic lipids QAS C _n -2-S (n = 12, 14) derived from thio galactose and carbamate-linkage tertiary amine were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by MS, TOF-MS, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. The QAS C₁₂-2-S revealed superior surface activity compared with QAS C₁₄-2-S with lower CMC and γ_CMC. Though Lipo C₁₂-2-S displayed large average particle-size with high polydispersity, positive charged Lipo C _n -2-S can be combined with the negative charged DNA, also negatively stained TEM images confirmed the formation of vesicles. All the above prove that the Lipo C _n -2-S is helpful for gene transfection.     

新型叠氮-均三嗪类含能化合物的合成与表征

以三聚氯氰为前驱体,通过亲核取代反应,得到硝基芳环均三嗪中间体;再将中间体与NaN3反应,得到4种新型叠氮-均三嗪类含能化合物:4,6-二叠氮基-N-(2-硝基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2-胺基、4,6-二叠氮基-N-(3-硝基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2-胺基、4,6-二叠氮基-N-(4-硝基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2-胺基、2,4-二叠氮基-6-(2-(2,4-二硝基苯基)肼基)-1,3,5-三嗪;采用IR、1 H NMR、13 C NMR、MS等对4种化合物的结构进行了表征;采用TG-DSC研究了4种化合物的热力学性能;通过B3LYP/6-311G**方法预估了化合物的理论密度、标准生成焓、爆速和爆压。结果表明,4种化合物具有较好的热稳定性,叠氮基的引入使其具有较高的正生成焓。综合4种叠氮-均三嗪类含能化合物的性能,化合物2,4-二叠氮基-6-(2-(2,4-二硝基苯基)肼基)-1,3,5-三嗪的性能较佳。