共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
抗交串自适应噪声对消系统在管道相关检漏技术的应用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
管道相关检漏技术通过对泄漏引发的振动信号的处理来完成检漏工作 ,系统原理和结构都非常简单。但在实际应用中 ,它有应用的局限性。在强噪声环境下 ,传感器接收到的包含独立噪声和公共噪声的信号 ,会导致相关曲线中出现虚假的峰值。为提高该类仪器的抗干扰性能 ,本文引入了一种新型的自适应滤波器结构——抗交串自适应噪声对消系统 (CTRANC)。在 Windows95平台上 ,我们编制了一个相关检漏软件 ,其中加入了 CTRANC模块。仿真的结果是令人满意的。 相似文献
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高精度动平衡测量中自适应滤波技术的应用研究 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
针对动平衡测量中的具体实践,发展了一种能够在强变频率结构背景噪声干扰下确保高精度提取幅值和相位的自适应消噪方法。同时提出了分段变步长的策略和初始值选取措施,使该方法具有较高的效率及可靠性。实验结果和在实际动平衡测量系统上应用表明:该文所发展的方法适合动平衡测量应用,完全满足精度和实时性的要求,具有较高的实用价值。 相似文献
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对于混入色噪声的混合信号,如果可以通过测量得到产生色噪声的白噪声,对白噪声进行非线性训练即可逼近色噪声,达到非线性滤波的目的.自适应模糊推理系统(adaptive neuro-fuzzy unference system,ANFIS)可以实现上述非线性逼近.文中在上述算法的基础上,提出一种EMD(empirical mode decomposition)-ANFIS的自适应色噪声消除方法,首先对混合信号进行EMD分解,得到各个内禀模态函数分量(intrinsic mode function, IMF),然后对分解得到的内禀模态分量进行ANFIS模糊消噪,最后对消噪后的各个分量信号进行叠加.由于所得内禀模态函数为近似平稳信号,且图形越来越趋于平缓,减小了ANFIS方法的逼近难度.在混合信号信噪比为2.840 7 dB时,经过EMD-ANFIS消噪后的估计误差比只经过ANFIS消噪后的估计误差减少11.74 dB,证明EMD-ANFIS方法的有效性. 相似文献
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A method for local measurement of air leakage rate is presented that can be used to accurately and quickly assess leakage rates across a surface, such as around a valve or hatch in a pressurized gas tank or a window in a building. The method uses a small local enclosure with constant volume placed about a region on the structure under investigation (e.g., a window), which is depressurized and injected with a small concentration of carbon dioxide as a tracer gas. The time variation of the pressure and carbon dioxide concentration inside the enclosure are monitored and used to quantify the leakage flow rate as a function of pressure difference. This method uses a small enclosure with internal mixing so that a quasi-steady-state condition is quickly achieved. Because of the small size of the enclosure, advanced data processing techniques are necessary to reduce uncertainty in determination of the rate of change of the carbon dioxide concentration that arises from sensor variability. Results of a laboratory demonstration of the proposed leakage detection and characterization device are reported for the problem of leakage through a circular hole in a plate with prescribed pressure differences. Experimental results from the laboratory tests are found to be in excellent agreement with results of a numerical simulation of leakage flow through a hole, as well as predictions from a number of empirical equations for this problem found in the literature. 相似文献
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本文介绍了几种常用的管道测漏传感器检测方法的原理,并对各种方法的优缺点进行了比较。提出了一种管道机器人的发展方向——利用多传感器技术的管道外测漏机器人的设计。 相似文献
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A loop shaping perspective for tuning controllers with adaptive feedforward cancellation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper presents a loop-shaping perspective on the tuning of systems using adaptive feedforward cancellation (AFC). The AFC technique is very useful for reducing/eliminating errors in a controlled system at a selected set of harmonics. Such a technique has applicability for hard disk and optical disk track following, vibration rejection in spindle systems and helicopters, camshaft and piston machining, as well as in fast tool servos for diamond turning. This last application provides the motivation for the work described herein. The paper shows how an AFC loop with N resonators results in 2N parameters, a gain and phase advance parameter for each resonator, which must be adjusted to maximize closed-loop performance. This paper details a frequency shaping method of selecting the AFC phase advance parameters and resonator gains in multiple AFC resonator systems. We have applied these techniques to our prototype diamond turning machine with a fast tool servo for cutting ophthalmic lenses. Experimental results comparing the performance of this machine with and without AFC control are presented. 相似文献
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At the calibration of standard leaks by a comparison method with reference standard leaks, important factors to evaluate the flow rates are the degrees of stability of a mass spectrometer leak detector (MSLD) and standard leaks. Stability of two leak element type standard leaks, a glass and a plastic, are tested. The test indicates that the warming up time is mainly influenced by the temperature of the mass spectrometer and 2 h is required to obtain a stabilized reading for the tested MSLD. In case of the glass type leak, 1 h pumping is required to obtain the stabilized flow rate after the exposure to the ambient air. In case of the plastic type leak, 1 min pumping is enough for the exposure time below 1 h but 6 h pumping is required after the 7 days exposure. After the valve closed duration within 3 h, the flow rates from both type of leaks recovered within a minute to 100% ± 0.5% of the averaged reading before the valve closed. 相似文献
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管道泄漏检测中自适应时间延迟估计方法的设计 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了用自适应时间延迟估计方法设计管道泄漏检测系统的过程,详细阐述了其工作原理、自适应时间延迟估计方法及最小均方(LMS)自适应时间延迟估计算法,简要说明了其工作特点。 相似文献
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黄进芳;徐铭钧;刘荣宜 《测试科学与仪器》2010,1(3):256-261
An inductorless Ultra-Wide Band(UWB)receiver front-end chip design used in wireless communications for the frequency band of 3.1~4.8 GHz is presented.This homodyne receiver mainly consists of a differential Low Noise Amplifier(LNA)circuit followed by a down-converting mixer.The proposed LNA circuit with a noise canceling resistor is connected to the CMOS device’s body to reduce the substrate thermal noise.Simulation and measurement results show that the chip can reduce the front-end Noise Figure(NF)about 0.5dB and achieve the Conversion Gain(CG)of 19.44~21.57 dB and double-sideband NF less than 7.8 dB.Also,the input third-order intercept point(IIP3)is-11 dBm,and the input second-order intercept point(IIP2)is 49 dBm.Fabricated in TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology,this chip occupies only 0.167 mm2 and dissipates power 59.2 mW. 相似文献
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自适应供水管网泄漏检测定位仪器系统 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了一种供水管网泄漏检测及漏点定位的仪器系统检测原理及基本系统构成。系统针对泄漏信号特征因管道材质、内径、管内压力及流量的不同而各异的情况,以及检测现场不可避免的各种突发干扰噪声,采用自适应信号处理技术结合小波分析方法,估计时间延迟检测定位漏点。仪器系统由主机、多个数据采集单元和内装IC电路的加速度传感器组成,基于虚拟仪器技术构建,软硬件结合,实现信号的采集、存储和传输、信号处理及检测信息的显示。 相似文献
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原油管道泄漏检测与定位 总被引:46,自引:3,他引:43
本文设计了一套原油管道泄漏监测系统,首次提出了采用结构模式识别分析管道负压波检测管道泄漏的方法,给出了根据管道两端测量参数检测管道泄漏的数学模型和实验结果 相似文献
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经验模态分解中虚假模态分量消除法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
黄迪山 《振动、测试与诊断》2011,31(3)
基于能量原理,提出经验模态分解(EMD)中虚假模态分量消除方法.在正常采样的条件下,分析信号EMD分解误差与虚假模态分量的关系,讨论虚假模态分量的性质.从EMD分解的完备性角度考虑在虚假模态存在情况下能量不守恒,给出模态函数消除法,从EMD分解结果中剔出虚假模态分量,消除信号经验模态分解误差.其有效性在所给例子中得到证实. 相似文献
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《Measurement》2014
Acoustic signal from a gear mesh with faulty gears is in general non-stationary and noisy in nature. Present work demonstrates improvement of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) by using an active noise cancellation (ANC) method for removing the noise. The active noise cancellation technique is designed with the help of a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) based Least Mean Square (LMS) adaptive filter. The acoustic signal from the healthy gear mesh has been used as the reference signal in the adaptive filter. Inadequacy of the continuous wavelet transform to provide good time–frequency information to identify and localize the defect has been removed by processing the denoised signal using an adaptive wavelet technique. The adaptive wavelet is designed from the signal pattern and used as mother wavelet in the continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The CWT coefficients so generated are compared with the standard wavelet based scalograms and are shown to be apposite in analyzing the acoustic signal. A synthetic signal is simulated to conceptualize and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Synthetic signal analysis also offers vital clues about the suitability of the ANC as a denoising tool, where the error signal is the denoised signal. The experimental validation of the proposed method is presented using a customized gear drive test setup by introducing gears with seeded defects in one or more of their teeth. Measurement of the angles between two or more damaged teeth with a high level of accuracy is shown to be possible using the proposed algorithm. Experiments reveal that acoustic signal analysis can be used as a suitable contactless alternative for precise gear defect identification and gear health monitoring. 相似文献
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直压式气体泄漏检测技术的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
主要介绍了直压式气体泄漏检测方法的检测原理、泄漏率的计算与确定、直压式气体泄漏检测的过程与方法、影响检测精度的主要因素以及基于单片机的直压式气体泄漏检测仪的设计过程。 相似文献
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Harmonic positioning errors can negatively affect the positioning accuracy of the ball screw drive system. This paper addresses the problem of harmonic positioning error suppression in ball-screw drives using Adaptive Feedforward Cancellation (AFC). AFC method is integrated with the dual (i.e., rotational and translational) feedback structure used in ball-screw drives. The ability of AFC to quench harmonic positioning errors originating from multiple input sources is analyzed, considering the effects of the commanded trajectory, motor torque ripples, rotary encoder measurement errors, and lead errors coming from the ball-screw mechanism. A new approach for parameter tuning of the AFC resonators is proposed which considers both the performance deterioration issue at frequencies outside the target harmonics, and also the robust stability requirement in the sense of limiting the peak loop sensitivity value. Effectiveness of the proposed AFC scheme for ball-screw drives is validated in experiments, demonstrating successful rejection of time-periodic machining force disturbances, as well as mitigation of displacement-periodic lead error and misalignment type errors. In the case of machining force rejection, 50–78% improvement is achieved in the standard deviation of the translational positioning error. In the case of position dependent disturbances, the improvement is typically in the 10–20% range and is most effective during constant velocity motion. 相似文献
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提出了1种基于奇异值分解降噪的振动信号经验模式分解方法,利用该法对原始振动信号进行相空间重构和奇异值分解,并根据奇异值降噪,再利用经验模式分解法提取降噪后振动信号的基本模式分量,对滤波前和滤波后振动信号进行经验模式分解分析。分析结果表明:奇异值分解能有效地提高信噪比,突出原始振动信号的特征,使降噪后振动信号分解出的基本模式分量具有更明确的物理意义,有利于对柴油机进行精确诊断。 相似文献
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This paper presents FPGA implementations of an adaptive linear neural network (ADALINE) based adaptive filter for power-line noise cancellation in surface Electromyography (sEMG) signals. 10-Tap ADALINE filters in the 16-bit Q0.15 fixed-point format are offered into two categories: small area implementations and high-throughput implementations. The small area ones are optimized by using the resource-sharing technique that considers the interconnect complexity. For the high-throughput ones, we propose the delayed ADALINE (DADALINE) pipelined adaptive filter which is based on the relaxed look-ahead technique. The implementation results on the Xilinx XC3S1200E-4FG320 FPGA show that the smallest implementation achieved the throughput of 1.61 million samples per second (MSPS) and the area of three multipliers, 611 LUTs, and 511 flip-flops, and the fastest implementation achieved 56.15 MSPS and the area of 23 multipliers, 945 LUTs, and 907 flip-flops. Each implementation has been tested on an FPGA board interfaced with an sEMG measurement set. 相似文献