一种新的CDMA系统空时分组码结构

本文提出了一种新的采用空时分组码的CDMA系统上行链路的结构。发射端每个用户对发送信号先进行扩频,再对扩频后的信号进行空时分组编码后送至发射天线。同时本文还相应提出了接收端对接收信号的处理方法。仿真结果表明,该结合空时分组码的CDMA系统的误码率优于一般CDMA系统的误码率。     

空时分组码在CDMA下行链路应用的研究

提出了准正交空时分组码在CDMA系统下行链路的两种应用方法，一种是在发射端对用户信号先扩频后空时编码送至发射天线，另一种是先空时编码后扩频送至发射天线，相应给出了两种方法接收端的译码方法。数据仿真结果表明在CDMA系统下行链路的应用时，准正交空时分组码的误码率低于正交空时分组码的误码率，并且第一种方法的误码率低于第二种方法的误码率。     

多基站协作传输中的宽带OSTFDM-MIMO系统

在多基站协作传输中,由于发射天线分布在不同基站而导致接收信号具有内在的时间异步特性.基于现有MIMO系统同步环境下应用的正交空时分组码,提出了能适应多基站协作环境的一种异步空时分组码构造方法,并给出了相应的宽带OSTFDM-MIMO系统发射端编码结构和接收端译码实现.该系统在多基站协作传输中对信号异步传输具有鲁棒性,较传统的其它系统结构能提供更高的空间分集度和更高的数据传输速率,但同时不会增加系统接收机的译码复杂度.     

MIMO系统中分层结构的空时分组码

结合了分层空时码和空时分组码的各自优点，并针对BLAST抗衰落性能差以及STBC编码速率不高，可能达不到一定的频谱效益的特点，研究了一种分层结构的空时分组编码方法。在发射端对天线分组，每组进行独立的STBC编码，在接受端采用分组干扰抑制的方法对各组信号进行分离，然后进行STBC译码。该方案具有高于STBC的频谱利用率和编码速率，仿真结果表明，其抗衰落性能也优于BLAST。     

一种未知信道下的发射分集差分检测新方法

本文提出一种收发端均不知道信道状态信息情况下发射分集差分检测新方法。该方法将发射天线分组,对每组进行独立的差分空时分组编码以降低编码复杂度,并对每组天线信号进行正交扩频,以便接收端分离各组天线信号实现解码。这种方法不仅编译码简单、编码速率高,而且仍然保持了差分空时分组码的发射端和接收端不需要知道状态信息的优点,同时由于引入了正交的扩频码,系统可获得扩频增益。     

空时分组码与线性分组码相结合的MIMO系统

空时分组码能够实现MIMO系统的完全发射分集，但不能实现任何的编码增益。对此，提出了线性分组码与空时分组码级联的MIMO系统，该系统能够同时实现完全发射分集和编码增益。仿真结果表明，在比特误码率为10^-5时，与未进行前向纠错的空时分组码系统相比，该系统能提供了大约2．7dB的编码增益。     

时选衰落信道中的坐标交织空时分组码

为了提高空时分组码在时选衰落信道下的性能,该文提出了坐标交织空时分组码(Coordinate Interleaved Space-Time Block Code, CISTBC)。和已有的空时分组码相比,CISTBC将各码元的虚部和实部分别从不同的天线发射,充分利用了信道系数的时变特性带来的多径传输,提高了码元的抗深度衰落能力。另外,该文分析了基于QR 分解和高斯近似的连续干扰消除算法对不同码元解码性能的影响,给出了循环连续干扰消除算法来减少误差传递,进一步提高了系统性能。分析和仿真表明,CISTBC有效地改善了分组码在时选信道下的性能。     

一种改进的准正交空时分组码设计方案

基于MIMO天线系统的空时编码技术是改善无线通信性能、提高带限系统数据速率的一种理想选择。但是由于正交空时分组码不能保证数据全速率传输,为此提出一种改进的准正交空时分组码设计方案。该编码方法利用准正交准则,能够保证数据以全速率传输。并在此基础上具体讨论和分析了编码的编、译码算法和误码性能。该编码方法既不降低分集增益也不增加译码复杂度,并且可以获得一定的编码增益。仿真结果表明,这种方法的误比特率无论在低信噪比还是在高信噪比条件下都要优于已有的准正交空时分组码——Jafarkhani码。     

空时分组码与线性分组码相结合的

空时分组码能够实现MIMO系统的完全发射分集,但不能实现任何的编码增益.对此,提出了线性分组码与空时分组码级联的MIMO系统,该系统能够同时实现完全发射分集和编码增益.仿真结果表明,在比特误码率为10-5时,与未进行前向纠错的空时分组码系统相比,该系统能提供了大约2.7dB的编码增益.     

一种时空频分组码编码方案和检测算法

空时编码作为对抗多径衰落的有效方法，近年来已经成为热门研究领域。空时分组码(STBC)的正交设计可以在接收端进行线性最大比合并解码，实现了高编码增益、大分集度和低译码复杂度。这种空时分组码在单个载波多个不同天线和时间上编码，实现了空间和时间的分集，但并没有实现频率的分集，分集度有限。本文将单载波的STBC扩展到多个载波，提出了一种时、空、频分组码(STFBC)的编码方案。这种编码在相同的码速率下，实现了比STBC更大的分集度和更高的编码增益。给出了基于这种编码方案的两种检测算法一线性合并最大似然检测(MLD)算法和线性合并解相关检测(DD)算法。仿真结果表明这种时空频分组码的编码方法和检测算法较STBC具有更好的性能。     

一种满速率空时分组编码CDMA系统及多用户接收方案

通过引入满速率空时分组码方案, 该文给出一种满速率空时分组编码CDMA系统模型, 并针对现有空时编码CDMA系统过高的译码复杂度, 提出一种低复杂度的多用户接收方案。该方案在通过类似多用户检测方法有效抑制多用户干扰后, 充分利用空时分组码的复正交性来简化原有方案高译码复杂度。与原有指数性译码复杂度相比, 该方案有着线性复杂度, 而且与满分集空时分组编码CDMA系统相比, 可实现满速率、低复杂度和部分分集, 有着相对多的空间冗余信息, 从而级联信道编码后可有效弥补部分分集所带来的性能损失。仿真结果表明在相同系统容量和级联码的情况下, 所给系统比相应的满分集空时编码CDMA系统有着低的误比特率。     

非同步扩频系统中空时分组码的阵列处理

针对非同步DS-CDMA系统提出了一种基于空时分组码的阵列处理干扰对消的技术。通过对发射信号进行空时分组编码,可以使发射信号在瑞利衰落信道中传输时信息不会畸变,并取得最大分集增益和码增益。利用空时分组码的性质有效抑制干扰的同时,大大简化了空时分组码的解码。仿真结果表明,这里提出的方法与传统的抑制干扰的方法相比具有更低的误比特率,并且有更快的解码速率。     

空时分组编码CDMA系统的性能分析

空时分组编码 ( STBC)可有效的应用于无线系统中 ,提高系统的容量。 STBC采用最大似然译码算法 ,译码过程中需要信道信息。本文利用导频辅助的方式获得信道信息 ,分析了Rayleigh信道下随着移动台速度的变化 STBC- CDMA系统的误码率性能     

空时分组码的多径译码方法

为有效地将空时分组码应用到多径衰落环境下的码分多址系统，以充分利用多个路径的信号能量，提出了一种多径环境下空时分组码译码的新方法。由于空时分组码译码与信道估计紧密相关，本文亦讨论了多径信道估计以及信道估计误差对本方法的影响。仿真结果表明，采用多路径译码方法可明显提高系统的误码率性能。     

MISO-CDMA多径系统中空时分组码的译码方法

空时编码是实现宽带无线数据通信和下一代移动通信系统的一种极有潜力的技术。为有效的将空时分组码应用到多径衰落环境下的码分多址系统，以充分利用多个路径的信号能量，现提出了一种多径环境下空时分组译码的新方法。由于空时分组码译码与信道估计紧密相关，为此本文对多径信道估计以及信道估计误差对本方法产生的影响作研究。仿真结果表明，采用多路径译码方法可以明显提高系统的误码性能。     

Iterative receivers for multiuser space-time coding systems

Space-time coding (STC) techniques, which combine antenna array signal processing and channel coding techniques, are very promising approaches to substantial capacity increase in wireless channels. Multiuser detection techniques are powerful signal processing methodologies for interference suppression in CDMA systems. In this paper, by drawing analogies between a synchronous CDMA system and an STC multiuser system, we study the applications of some multiuser detection methods to STC multiuser systems. Specifically, we show that the so-called “turbo multiuser detection” technique, which performs soft interference cancellation and decoding iteratively, can be applied to STC multiuser systems in flat-fading channels. An iterative multiuser receiver and its projection-based variants are developed for both the space-time block coding (STBC) system and the space-time trellis coding (STTC) system. During iterations, extrinsic information is computed and exchanged between a soft multiuser demodulator and a bank of MAP decoders, to achieve successively refined estimates of the users' signals. Computer simulations demonstrate that the proposed iterative receiver techniques provide significant performance improvement over conventional noniterative methods in both single-user and multiuser STC systems. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed iterative multiuser receiver approaches that of the iterative single-user receiver in both STBC and STTC systems     

Optimal space-time coding under iterative processing

In this paper, we deal with the design of a full-rate space-time block coding (STBC) scheme optimized for linear iterative decoding over fast fading multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel. A general and simple coding scheme called diagonal threaded space-time (DTST) code is presented for an arbitrary number of transmit and receive antennas. Theoretical analysis shows that DTST code associated with linear iterative decoding tends towards full diversity performance while providing maximum MIMO multiplexing gain. Simulation results confirm the ability of DTST to outperform the state-of-the-art STBC and conventional spatial data multiplexing schemes under iterative processing.     

High-rate concatenated space-time block code M-TCM designs

In this paper, a new technique to design improved high-rate space-time (ST) codes is proposed based on the concept of concatenated ST block code (STBC) and outer trellis-coded modulation (M-TCM) encoder constructions. Unlike the conventional rate-lossy STBC-MTCM schemes, the proposed designs produce higher rate ST codes by expanding the codebook of the inner orthogonal STBC. The classic set partitioning concept is adopted to realize the STBC-MTCM designs with large coding gains. The proposed expanded STBC-MTCM designs for the two-, three-, and four-transmitter cases are illustrated. Simulation results show the proposed STBC-MTCM designs significantly outperform the traditional ST-TCM schemes. Furthermore, decoding complexity of the proposed scheme is low because signal orthogonality is exploited to ease data decoding.     

Performance Investigation of Space‐Time Block Coded Multicarrier DS‐CDMA in Time‐Varying Channels

In this letter, we evaluate the system performance of a space‐time block coded (STBC) multicarrier (MC) DS‐CDMA system over a time selective fading channel, with imperfect channel knowledge. The average bit error rate impairment due to imperfect channel information is investigated by taking into account the effect of the STBC position. We consider two schemes: STBC after spreading and STBC before spreading in the MC DS‐CDMA system. In the scheme with STBC after spreading, STBC is performed at the chip level; in the scheme with STBC before spreading, STBC is performed at the symbol level. We found that these two schemes have various channel estimation errors, and that the system with STBC before spreading is more sensitive to channel estimation than the system with STBC after spreading. Furthermore, derived results prove that a high spreading factor (SF) in the MC DS‐CDMA system with STBC before spreading leads to high channel estimation error, whereas for a system with STBC after spreading this statement is not true.     

Differential space time block codes using nonconstant modulus constellations

We propose differential space time block codes (STBC) using nonconstant modulus constellations, e.g., quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), which cannot be utilized in the conventional differential STBC. Since QAM constellations have a larger minimum distance compared with the phase shift keying (PSK), the proposed method has the advantage of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain compared with conventional differential STBC. The QAM signals are encoded in a manner similar to that of the conventional differential STBC. To decode nonconstant modulus signals, the received signals are normalized by the channel power estimated forgoing training symbols and then decoded with a conventional QAM decoder. Assuming the knowledge of the channel power at the receiver, the symbol error rate (SER) bound of the proposed method under independent Rayleigh fading assumption is derived, which shows better SER performance than the conventional differential STBC. When the transmission rate is more than 3 bits/channel use in time-varying channels, the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method with the channel power estimation outperforms the conventional differential STBC. Specifically, the posed method using the channel power estimation obtains a 7.3 dB SNR gain at a transmission rate of 6 bits/channel use in slow fading channels. Although the performance gap between the proposed method and the conventional one decreases as the Doppler frequency increases, the proposed method still exhibits lower SER than the conventional one, provided the estimation interval L is chosen carefully.