氧化锌避雷器阻性电流测量仪的研制及其应用

分析比较氧化锌避雷器的几种测量方法,指出国内外各种ＭＯＡ阳性电流测量方法及装置存在的问题,提出一种新的测量方法－－投影法,根据该原理研制出ＭＯＡ－ＲＣＤ型阳性电流测量仪,并介绍原理及应用情况。     

雷电冲击下金属氧化物避雷器动作负荷研究

通过对110、35kV金属氧化物避雷器(MOA)电阻片70×20、56×20在高幅值雷电波冲击下伏安特性 和动作负荷特性的实验研究,借助MOA电阻片的微观结构理论,从电场应力、热应力及避雷器的吸收能量几方面 阐述了雷电波冲击下MOA的动作负荷、损坏机理,分析了雷电过电压对避雷器的损坏机理和影响因素,指出高幅 值、陡波瞬时冲击下电阻片瞬时电流的极不均匀分布引起的内部热应力是导致电阻片损坏的主要原因。     

新型500 kV金属氧化物避雷器电位分布研究

避雷器并联均压电容可以降低其电压分布不均匀系数,但同时也会带来外套管径变大、电场分布变为非轴对称、性能难以检验及运行可靠性下降等诸多不安全因素,因此使用均压电容往往得不偿失。随着金属氧化物电阻片性能的提高,500 kV避雷器去掉均压电容已成为一种趋势。笔者研究了一种新型500 kV金属氧化物避雷器,通过合理设计均压环完全可以解决避雷器电压分布不均匀的问题。     

Pressure Relief Design and Performance of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters

Surge arresters with porcelain housing must not have explosive breakage of the housing to minimize damage to other equipment when subjected to internal high short circuit currents. Also, arrester porcelain housings are generally susceptible to undesirable thermal shock. As a solution, this paper describes pressure relief design and performance of arresters equipped with a fiber reinforced plastic tube and an optimum pressure relief nozzle. The arresters showed satisfactory performance during a newly developed synthetic pressure relief test using a 25 kA symmetrical rms current with the first half-cycle fully offset.     

A Simplified Method for Surge Protection of Underground Distribution Systems with Metal Oxide Arresters

This paper presents a simplified method for evaluation of the technical aspects of arrester application on modern underground distribution systems. The methods presented here can be used to calculate protective levels (and margins) for all equipment locations on such a system for any one of the three protection schemes identified in the paper. The calculations are presented by way of a worked example of protection design for Ontario Hydro's 27.6/16 kV URD system. For this system, the industry requirement ot 20% minimum protective margin can be met by the installation of only one additional arrester at the open point of the cable loop, provided arrester selections are restricted to those with the lowest protective levels. Without any restrictions on arrester selections, a second additional arrester is required at the first transformer upstream from the open point, but this practice results in protective margins much superior to the minimum requirements.     

220kV氧化锌避雷器损坏事故教训及反措建议

分析了郎家畈变电站220kV氧化锌避雷器损坏事故发生的原因，提出了氧化锌避雷器在研制、生产过程中存在的部分参数选择不当等方面的问题，提出了避免类似事故重复发生的改进措施。     

复合绝缘外套线路型ZnO避雷器防雷运行分析

总结了复合绝缘外套线路型 Zn O避雷器近年在广东省 110、2 2 0 k V输电线路的运行经验 ;肯定了线路避雷器降低线路雷击跳闸率的积极效果 ;讨论了在解决选点、安装和运行维护等方面存在的问题并提出了建议     

The Response of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters to Steep Fronted Current Impulses

Measurements of the residual voltages of metal oxide surge arresters have been made using a variety of impulse current waveshapes. The behaviour of both metal oxide and conventional SiC non-linear resistors has been observed and compared. The appearance of "voltage spikes" at short times, ca 0.15 ?s, on the fronts of residual voltage records has been found and examined in the case of metal oxide arresters. The overvoltage spikes are of short duration and cannot be considered dangerous to conventional equipment insulation. However their existence suggests the need for a test, equivalent to the front-of-wave sparkover test as applied to conventional arresters.     

金属氧化物避雷器对并联电容器装置操作过电压的抑制效果分析

金属氧化物避雷器对并联电容器装置的操作过电压有显著的抑制效果。避雷器推荐使用的接线方式有相地避雷器和端子间避雷器,分别简称为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型避雷器接线方式。目前电力系统主要采用Ⅰ型避雷器接线方式。本文采用EMTP-ATP程序把Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型避雷器接线方式对并联电容器装置操作过电压的抑制效果进行仿真计算,通过仿真计算得出Ⅱ型避雷器接线方式在分闸重燃时不但可以限制相对地过电压,也可以限制极间过电压,保护效果最好,是一种理想的保护方式,但这种接线方式中的相间避雷器在动作时要吸收很大的能量。     

Switching Surge Duty of Metal Oxide Surge Arresters in Multi-Phases' System and Its Equivalent Conditions in a Test

Switching surge duty test imposing the highest power dissipation on high voltage metal oxide arresters has usually been done with a single phase circuit due to the limit of test facilities, in spite of complex multi-phases in a service system. The purpose of this paper is to propose new equivalent line constants and reasonable conditions of charging voltage in a test circuit, which were derived from the application study of surge arresters on double circuits and transposed 500kV lines. So-called positive, negative, zero, self and mutual mode impedances are not equivalent. Other impedances must be used and some correctiorts for charging voltage are required in a transmission line discharge test.     

A Guide to the Application of Surge Arresters for Transformer Protection

With the increasing trend toward electrical power distribution to industrials at primary voltages, it is important to provide proper surge protection for primary stepdown transformers. To provide adequate protective margins for this equipment, it is essential for the application engineer to understand the operation of a surge arrester and how the arrestor provides overvoltage protection. The operation of a surge arrester, arrester protective characteristics, and the establishment of parameters necessary to provide appropriate insulation coordination for surge protection of transformers are discussed.     

并联电容器装置保护用氧化锌避雷器的选型问题

从我国电力系统实际情况出发 ,结合避雷器选型的历史回顾和新版本的避雷器国家标准 ,提出了使电力系统安全、可靠运行的并联电容器装置用氧化锌避雷器的选型方法 ,对变电站中并联电容器装置的设计具有一定的参考价值     

并联电容器装置保护用氧化锌避雷器的选型问题

从我国电力系统实际情况出发，结合避雷器选型的历史回顾和新版本的避雷器国家标准，提出了使电力系统安全、可靠运行的并联电容器装置用氧化锌避雷器的选型方法，对变电站中并联电容器装置的设计具有一定的参考价值。     

复合外套MOA及在110kV中悦线的应用

介绍了线路用复合外套金属氧化物避雷器(PMOA)的工作原理和功能以及 110 k V 中悦线安装PMOA的效果 ,认为 PMOA是山区线路防雷和提高运行可靠性的有效措施     

无间隙线路避雷器的特点及其应用

当今 ,线路避雷器已成为线路防雷的有效措施之一。线路避雷器的产品结构已由有间隙避雷器发展为无间隙带脱离器的避雷器。文章综述介绍了国内外多家公司开发的线路无间隙(带脱离器)避雷器的结构特点和应用效果     

电阻片电容量对500 kV罐式避雷器电位分布的影响

无间隙金属氧化物避雷器在通常工作情况下电压沿轴线分布不均匀。承担电压较大的电阻片同时承担较大的热应力,这样会加速电阻片的劣化。因此,改善避雷器电压沿轴线分布,使其分布更加均匀就显得十分必要。避雷器电阻片的电压分布主要取决于避雷器几何结构和采用的材料2个方面。通过建立3D有限元模型,对500kV GIS用一相一罐式金属氧化物避雷器内部电场强度分布进行了计算,从均压环和避雷器电阻片主电容2个方面进行讨论,并给出一套合理的均压措施。     

氧化锌避雷器性能判断方法分析

本文通过对氧化锌避雷器各类电气基本参数的物理性能进行分析,对影响氧化锌避雷器测试数据准确性的因素进行讨论,阐述了如何根据各种测试方法所得的数据来判断氧化锌避雷器电气性能。指出氧化性避雷器性能测试应采用带电测试为主、停电测试为辅的方式,并对测试数据进行综合分析是准确判断设备状态的可靠方法。     

金属氧化物避雷器阻性电流测试仪校验装置

研制的金属氧化物避雷器阻性电流测试仪校验装置各指标满足规程要求,投入使用后,满足系统内对金属氧化物避雷器阻性电流测试仪校验的需要,使高压计量的手段更加完善。     

应用全电流监测氧化锌避雷器运行状态

通过2起氧化锌避雷器爆炸案例,根据预防性试验数据和红外成像,得出避雷器泄漏电流中各分量的大小,尤其是全电流大小能够监测氧化锌避雷器是否异常,通过介绍避雷器的基本电流参数和物理特性,得出根据全电流,阻性电流峰值分量、基波分量、3次谐波分量等参数综合判断避雷器性能,最后指出避雷器全电流监测应注意的问题。     

输电线路避雷器的应用及其安装方案

雷击是输电线路的主要危害。线路避雷器是降低线路雷击跳闸率的有效手段,我国已使用的线路避雷器运行情况良好。但由于线路避雷器价格昂贵,线路全线安装是不现实的,所以线路避雷器的安装地点和方式是一个比较重要的问题。本文对输电线路雷害事故及防雷措施进行了分析论述,并介绍了输电线路避雷器的发展及应用情况。最后结合我国多年的应用经验和计算分析,对于输电线路避雷器的安装方案提出了一些一般性的意见,并详细分析解释了这些意见的理由。