酚醛树脂对BIIR/NR轮胎内衬层胶料性能的影响

研究了酚醛树脂SP1045用量对BIIR/NR共混胶硫化性能、力学性能、耐热空气老化性能、耐臭氧老化性能、耐屈挠性能以及气密性能的影响。结果表明,随着酚醛树脂用量的增大,共混胶正硫化时间(t_(90))缩短,硫化速度加快;力学性能总体不断增大;耐热空气老化性能和耐臭氧老化性能表现优异;随酚醛树脂用量的增大,气密性升高;酚醛树脂用量为8份时,共混胶耐屈挠性能表现最佳,综合性能最好。     

纳米SiO2改性NR/SBR共混胶的结构与性能研究

研究了纳米SiO2加入方式及用量对NR/SBR共混胶的正硫化时间、力学性能的影响,并研究了纳米SiO2改性前后共混胶的耐热分解性能、耐热空气老化性能及微观形态结构.结果表明:纳米SiO2的加入对共混胶的正硫化时间、力学性能及耐热稳定性能有较大影响;当纳米SiO2加入量为7％(质量分数)并采用NR/SBR共混均匀后先加入纳米SiO2,再加入小料、硫磺的方式制备NR/SBR共混胶时,纳米SiO2通过使NR/SBR共混胶的分散相细化并使共混胶的整体交联密度提高,有效地提高了NR/SBR共混胶的综合力学性能和耐热稳定性能,达到了对NR/SBR共混胶良好的补强改性效果.     

纳米氧化锌对NR/SBR/BR并用胶性能的影响

研究纳米氧化锌对NR/SBR/BR并用胶性能的影响。结果表明 ,纳米氧化锌用量增大 ,NR/SBR/BR并用胶的正硫化时间缩短 ,耐磨性能和耐热氧老化性能提高 ,但拉伸强度和拉断伸长率下降明显 ;1份纳米氧化锌替代 5份普通氧化锌 ,NR/SBR/BR并用胶的拉伸强度、拉断伸长率、耐磨性能和耐热氧老化性能提高。     

NR/BR并用质量比对胎侧胶臭氧老化和屈挠疲劳性能的影响

研究了轮胎胎侧胶中天然橡胶(NR)和顺丁橡胶(BR)比例对胎侧胶耐臭氧老化和屈挠疲劳性能的影响。结果表明,由于NR的自补强性,随着共混胶中BR比例增加,胶料的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、定伸应力降低,但回弹性增加。由于BR的柔顺性及防护蜡在NR中相对高的溶解度,防护蜡在BR含量高的胎侧胶中的迁移速度快,迁移量高。胎侧胶的耐臭氧老化性和动态屈挠疲劳性能均取决于硫化胶的强度和防护蜡的迁移速度和迁移量。纯NR和纯BR胶料的耐臭氧老化性能和耐屈挠性能均不理想,NR/BR(50/50～40/60)共混胶由于强度和蜡的迁移量间的平衡而具有更好的耐臭氧老化和耐屈挠疲劳性能。     

改性纳米硫酸钡在NR/BR并用胶中的应用

研究改性纳米硫酸钡对NR/BR并用胶性能的影响.试验结果表明,采用改性纳米硫酸钡部分替代炭黑,NR/BR并用胶的焦烧时间和正硫化时间延长,加工性能和耐热空气老化性能良好,耐屈挠性能优异,滞后损失和生热较低.     

有机蒙脱土及硫化体系对NR/SBR复合材料结构及性能的影响

采用机械混炼法制备了天然橡胶/丁苯橡胶(NR/SBR,质量比50/50)复合材料,研究了有机蒙脱土(OMMT)及各种硫化体系对复合材料硫化特性、力学性能及耐热空气老化性能的影响。X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析表明,部分橡胶分子链插层进入OMMT片层中间,少量OMMT可促进硫化,但随着OMMT用量的增加,硫化延迟。当OMMT用量为10份时,力学性能最佳。普通硫化体系(CV)的硫化速度最快,在室温下硫化胶具有良好的静态力学性能,但其耐老化性能较差;有效硫化体系(EV)硫化速度适中,其硫化胶耐老化性能最好,但耐屈挠疲劳性能较差;过氧化物硫化体系(DCP硫化)硫化速度最慢,力学性能较差,但耐屈挠疲劳性能最好。     

顺丁橡胶对硅橡胶/丙烯酸酯橡胶并用胶的增容作用

采用偏光显微镜、差示扫描量热仪以及力学性能、热老化性能测试手段,研究了顺丁橡胶(BR)增容的甲基乙烯基硅橡胶(MVQ)/丙烯酸酯橡胶(ACM)共混体系的并用比(质量比)、硫化工艺参数以及BR的加入对并用胶力学性能、耐热老化性能和相容性的影响。结果表明,BR的加入改善了MVQ/ACM并用胶的力学性能和耐热老化性能,当白炭黑用量为30份、BR/MVQ/ACM的并用比为25/45/55时,并用胶的力学性能和耐热老化性能最好;最佳硫化工艺参数为70℃×10 MPa×30 min;加入BR可以改善MVQ/ACM并用胶的相容性,且使其玻璃化转变温度降低,耐低温性能提高。     

TPI和不同硫化体系下硫黄用量对TPI/NR/BR并用胶性能的影响

研究TPI和不同硫化体系下硫黄用量对TPI/NR/BR并用胶性能的影响,结果表明,TPI/NR/BR并用比为15/42.5/42.5、选用普通硫黄硫化体系且硫黄用量为2份时,TPI/NR/BR混炼胶的加工性能良好,硫化胶可达到物理性能、动态疲劳性能和耐热空气老化性能的平衡.     

液体聚异戊二烯对天然橡胶/聚丁二烯橡胶硫化胶微观结构和性能的影响

研究了液体聚异戊二烯(LIR)作为增塑剂对天然橡胶(NR)/聚丁二烯橡胶(BR)硫化胶微观结构、弯曲疲劳性能、压缩疲劳性能和动态力学性能的影响,并与加入工业用增塑剂芳烃油的硫化胶进行了对比。结果表明,加入LIR较芳烃油有利于炭黑在NR/BR体系中的分散;随着LIR用量的增加,NR/BR硫化胶的耐屈挠疲劳性能基本不变;与芳烃油增塑的NR/BR体系相比,LIR增塑NR/BR体系的耐屈挠疲劳性能较优,压缩疲劳生热和压缩永久变形较低;加入LIR降低了硫化胶滚动阻力的同时减弱了其抗湿滑性。     

TCY/TMTD硫化体系对CO/ECO共混物性能的影响

研究了三聚硫氰酸（TCY）/二硫化四甲基秋兰姆（TMTD）复合硫化体系对CO/ECO共混物的力学性能、耐热老化性能和高温压缩永久变形性能的影响。结果表明：适当的TCY用量可以获得较好力学性能的CO/ECO共混胶。增加TCY用量可以显著提高共混胶的耐热老化性能和高温压缩永久变形性能;而增加TMTD用量会导致CO/ECO共混胶耐热老化性能和高温压缩永久变形性能下降;二段硫化可以降低共混胶的压缩永久变形。     

Morphology and thermal properties of PPS/ABS blend systems

In this study the PPS/ABS blend system was investigated in order to collectively identify the relationship among blend morphology, chemical compatibilization, and thermal property. The ABS resin was chemically modified by the incorporation of maleic anhydride through reactive extrusion for enhanced compatibilization, and ABS/PPS and the modified ABS/PPS blends were prepared by a twin‐screw extruder. The effect of chemical modification of ABS on the morphological, mechanical, and thermal properties of the resulting blend was examined. A strong chemical interaction between PPS and MABS was observed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and FTIR. The PPS/MABS blend showed a single glass‐transition temperature in dynamic mechanical analysis, demonstrating pseudo‐homogeneous phase morphology induced by chemical compatibilization. The PPS/MABS blend also exhibited an enhanced thermal stability and heat distortion temperature compared with the PPS/ABS blend. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 661–665, 2003     

Physical characteristics of sweet potato pulp/polycaprolactone blends

Sweet potato pulp (SSP) obtained as a by‐product from starch extraction was blended with polycaprolactone (PCL) to prepare a biodegradable plastic material. In the blends, PCL was used as a reinforcing agent. The SPP/PCL blends were prepared by compression‐molding under high temperature and pressure, at different SPP/PCL ratios, and the mechanical properties of the molded specimens were tested. Matrix structure and thermal properties were measured by using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Mechanical properties (tensile and flexural properties) were also measured to find the most suitable ratio in a SSP/PCL blend. During compression molding of the SPP/PCL blends under high pressure and temperature, chemical reaction occurred between SPP and PCL, and thus, thermal stability and mechanical strength of the blends increased and water uptake decreased. Also, by increasing the PCL content in the blend, the matrix in the blend became more homogeneous, and consequently, mechanical strength of the molded specimen increased. At 7/3 or 6/4 weight ratio of SSP/PCL, water uptake of the molded specimen became substantially less than that at 8/2. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 861–866, 2004     

PPC/PDAP共混膜的制备和性能

将过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)置于特定温度下,引发邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯(DAP)在聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)溶液中聚合,制备得到聚碳酸亚丙酯/聚邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯(PPC/PDAP)共混膜。采用红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热重分析仪(TGA)、万能试验机和水蒸气透过率测试仪对共混膜的红外吸收、结晶性、热、力学和阻隔性能进行了表征。结果表明,通过DAP的聚合,提高了PPC的结晶性,使PDAP在PPC基体中形成交联网络,提高了共混膜的热、力学和阻隔性能。相比纯PPC,当DAP含量为20%时,共混膜的玻璃化转变温度和拉伸强度分别提高了5.3℃和266%;当DAP含量为40%时,共混膜的失重5%热分解温度提高了50.9℃,透湿系数下降了25%,因此,阻隔性能得到了提升。     

导热聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯/聚酰胺复合材料的制备与性能

主要研制了导热聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯/聚酰胺复合材料(PBT/PA),选用纳米氧化镁(MgO)为导热填料。首先探讨了基体树脂配比PBT/PA对PBT/PA/MgO复合材料导热和力学性能的影响;然后固定基体树脂配比,考察了纳米氧化镁的添加量对PBT/PA/MgO复合体系的导热性能和力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,当PBT/PA配比为1∶1,纳米氧化镁添加量为40wt%时PBT/PA/MgO复合材料在保持一定的力学性能的基础上热导率达到0.787W/(m.K),表明该复合体系具有优良的导热性能和力学性能。此外还研究了不同加工方法对复合材料力学性能和导热性能的影响,采用二步法制备的复合材料的导热性能和力学性能较一步法更为优异。利用二步加工法,同时通过调节PBT/PA配比控制共混物的双连续相形态,从而制备出导热性能较好的PBT/PA/MgO复合材料。     

聚氨酯/镀银纳米石墨导电胶的制备与性能研究

以聚氨酯(PU)预聚体为基体,以镀银纳米石墨为导电填料,采用共混法制备PU/镀银纳米石墨导电胶,并与PU/纳米石墨导电胶进行电学性能、力学性能和热稳定性能对比。结果表明:PU/镀银纳米石墨导电胶和PU/纳米石墨导电胶的导电渗流阈值分别为3%和9%,此时对应的电导率分别为0.044 S/cm和0.012 S/cm;前者的力学性能(最大剪切强度为5.76 MPa)高于后者(最大剪切强度为3.65 MPa),并且前者的起始分解温度比后者提高了近10℃,说明前者的应用前景比后者更广阔。     

Development of biopolymer composite films based on chicory extract reinforced polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan blend via green approach for flexible optoelectrical devices

Biopolymer blend composite films based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) incorporated with varying amounts of chicory extract (CE) have been developed by the green solution casting technique. The impact of CE content on structural, thermal, mechanical and electrical properties was thoroughly examined. The existence of intermolecular interactions in the blend composite was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy. The x-ray diffraction pattern proved the successful preparation of PVA/CS/CE composite film. The scanning electron microscopy images of the composites showed shape and grain size for the different bio-filler contents. The thermal transition temperature of the blend composites was significantly improved by the addition of CE extract deduced from differential scanning calorimetry. The dielectric study showed that the permittivity remarkably increases with decreasing frequency and maximum dielectric constant was observed for 15 wt% loading. The activation energy obtained from the AC conductivity decreased as the temperature increased. The addition of CE extract improved the hardness and tensile strength of the PVA/CS blend composite in comparison with a pristine pure blend. The controllable mechanical, thermal, optical, and electrical characteristics of the PVA/CS blend composite suggest that it might be an attractive optical material for the advancement of futuristic flexible-type optoelectronic and energy storage systems.     

EVA/EPDM/IR/IR共混发泡材料的研制与应用

进行了ＥＶＡ／ＥＰＤＭ／ＩＲ三元共混和ＥＶＡ／ＥＰＤＭ／ＩＲ／ＩＲ四元共混发泡材料的研制,经物性对比表明：共混发泡材料的物性较非共混发泡普遍提高。ＥＰＤＭ的混入可以增加发泡材料的拉伸强度和撕裂强度,同时降低收缩率和永久压缩变形;ＩＲ的混入除具备ＥＰＤＭ的优点外尚对提高发泡材料的柔软度有帮助;ＩＲ的混入仅改善发泡材料二次热压成型制品表面的清晰度。     

碳化硅/环氧树脂导热复合材料的制备与性能

采用浇铸成型法制备碳化硅/环氧树脂(SiC/EP)导热复合材料,研究了SiC种类、粒径、用量和表面改性方法对SiC/EP复合材料的导热性能、力学性能和热性能等影响。结果表明:SiC/EP复合材料的导热系数随纳米级SiC用量增加而增大,当φ(纳米级SiC)=17.80%时,导热系数为0.954 6 W/(m.K);SiC/EP复合材料的弯曲强度和冲击强度随纳米级SiC用量增加均呈先升后降态势,当φ(纳米级SiC)=3.50%时,两者均达到最大值。SiC经表面改性后可有效提高复合材料的导热性能和力学性能,并且改性SiC的加入可有效降低EP的玻璃化转变温度。     

Study on mechanical,thermal and shape memory properties of polycarbonate/thermoplastic polyurethane blends

The objective of the study is preparation of shape memory blend of polycarbonate (PC) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Polycarbonate is blended with three types of TPUs and subsequently mechanical, thermal, morphological, and shape memory properties of the PC/TPU blends are studied. When TPU content in the blend is higher than 40% (by weight), the glass transition temperature related to PC is not shown in the differential scanning calorimetry thermogram, indicating loss of PC properties. The 60/40 optimized blend of PC/TPUs exhibits maximum increment of about 1100% in elongation and 43% decrement in tensile strength. The shape recovery of the optimized blend obtained by addition of 40% (by weight) of TPUs in PC polymer is found to be 65% and shape fixity is 97%. These results suggest that the blend of PC/TPU may be utilized for various applications where shape memory property is required including strategic applications.     

绝缘导热Si_3N_4/LLDPE复合材料的研制

用粉末法制备了Si3N4增强线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)导热材料,研究了填料Si3N4对LLDPE熔融温度、结晶度、热导率、电绝缘性能及力学性能的影响.结果表明,加入Si3N4粒子,提高了LLDPE的熔融温度和结晶度;当w(Si3N4)为30%时,体系热导率达基体的6～7倍,热导率随Si3N4粒径的减小而增大,此时体系仍然具有较高电阻率及良好的介电性能,但力学性能明显下降.