一步法合成有机硅改性酚醛树脂及其粘接性能

采用有机硅树脂中加入氢氧化钠使之水解后再加入苯酚、甲醛缩聚制备热固性有机硅改性酚醛树脂,而不同于两步法制备热固性有机硅改性酚醛树脂和由硅烷水解低聚物与酚醛树脂缩合制备热固性有机硅改性酚醛树脂。本文中通过IR,DSC,TG以及剪切强度和剥离强度,对这种热固性有机硅改性酚醛树脂的粘接性能,耐热性能,耐久性能和固化工艺进行考核,证明这种方法制备的树脂粘接强度高,耐热性能优异,耐久性能良好,可以作为耐热结构胶粘剂在航空航天领域应用。      

四马来酰亚胺改性有机硅酚醛树脂性能的研究

研究了四马来酰亚胺对有机硅酚醛树脂的耐热性能、粘接性能和贮存性能等的影响。结果表明在四马来酰亚胺改性有机硅酚醛树脂固化过程中,四马来酰亚胺的双键与有机硅酚醛树脂的羟甲基发生加成反应,提高了有机硅酚醛树脂的耐热性能和粘接强度,并保持其韧性,但也造成常温贮存期有所下降。这是由于四马来酰亚胺在制备过程中缩合不完全,存在少量羧基和胺基,常温下与有机硅酚醛树脂羟甲基发生缩合造成的。      

一种透明环氧改性有机硅树脂的制备与性能

采用二甲基二乙氧基硅烷与γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷为原料,经溶胶凝胶法,制备了透明的环氧改性有机硅树脂预聚物。将所得环氧改性有机硅树脂预聚物在4-甲基六氢苯酐为固化剂,二甲基苄胺为促进剂,经80℃固化1 h,120℃固化1 h,150℃固化2 h后,获得透明的环氧改性有机硅树脂固化物。研究了固化物的性能,结果表明,随着R/Si值增大,所得透明环氧树脂的透光率逐渐升高,但其硬度、玻璃化转变温度和热分解温度都逐渐降低。总体而言,当环氧改性有机硅树脂R/Si=1.6时,固化物具有很高的透光率,较好的热稳定性,可调的硬度,对基材有良好的粘接力,这表明所得环氧改性有机硅树脂有望用于光学透明器件的封装。     

耐高温有机硅树脂的合成

以甲基和苯基烷氧基硅烷为原料,采用水解-缩聚的方法合成了有机硅树脂,并研究了合成硅树脂的工艺条件对硅树脂性能的影响.结果表明,一定配方,水解温度为65℃,反应时间为4～5h时,可合成出易溶于二甲苯、易成膜、适于作涂料基体树脂的有机硅树脂;红外光谱(IR)表明,合成的硅树脂含有端羟基,加入硅氮低聚物后,能室温固化;凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)分析表明,所合成的有机硅树脂分子量在6500左右;热失重(TG)表明,硅树脂有很好的耐热性能,在500℃时的失重仅为7.12%;机械性能及交流阻抗分析表明,300℃下,合成硅树脂所制清漆的机械物理性能及抗渗性能优良,可以用于制备耐高温涂层.     

环氧改性有机硅氧烷高温隔热涂料研究

采用环氧改性有机硅氧烷树脂为主要成膜物,以空心玻璃微珠和硅酸盐(高岭土、滑石粉、云母粉等)为主要隔热填料,制备了在常温固化的耐高温隔热涂料。采用扫描电镜对隔热涂料的微观形貌进行表征,讨论了高温下涂层的耐热与隔热机理以及高温下(600℃)涂层厚度和隔热填料对涂层隔热性能的影响。     

有机硅材料的UV固化反应机理研究及发展

汽车底盘系统使用的有机硅材料通常为脱醇型单组分室温硫化(RTV)有机硅密封胶和双组分加成型有机硅基热界面材料。介绍了脱醇型单组分有机硅密封胶的RTV和紫外光(UV)固化反应机理，以及双组分加成型有机硅基热界面材料的传统固化和UV固化反应机理，指出使UV固化型有机硅密封胶、有机硅基热界面材料产品达到传统固化产品的性能是今后研发的重点。     

低温固化有机硅耐高温涂层织物的制备

为降低有机硅树脂固化的温度和时间,利用环氧树脂对自制有机硅低聚物进行改性,并进一步在改性硅树脂中添加铝粉、高岭土及白炭黑等功能填料制备复合有硅树脂溶液,将其涂覆在玻璃纤维织物表面,最终制备出具有低温固化功能的隔热涂层玻璃纤维织物.结果表明:环氧树脂分子侧链上的仲羟基与有机硅低聚物发生了接枝反应,环氧基团的保留也为涂层过程中实现低温固化提供了条件;改性硅树脂在700℃时的残留质量为66.2%,具有良好的热稳定性;复合有机硅树脂涂层后的织物可在60℃下烘10 min,完成固化过程,烧蚀试验表明涂层后织物的隔热性能显著提高.     

304不锈钢表面纳米铝改性有机硅涂层的高温氧化和电化学行为

研究了纳米铝改性有机硅高温涂层的固化、抗650℃高温氧化性能和耐3.5% NaCl水溶液电化学腐蚀性能。当聚氨酯:有机硅的质量分数达到1:3或更高时,有机硅涂料可以在24 h内完成常温固化。制备出的纳米铝改性有机硅高温涂层表面致密,没有微观裂纹等缺陷。纳米铝改性的有机硅涂层显著提高了304不锈钢抗氧化性能,经1028 h氧化实验,基体几乎没有发生氧化,涂层没有出现开裂和剥落。纳米铝改性的有机硅涂层还显著提高了氧化后的304不锈钢耐氯化钠水溶液腐蚀性能,无涂层的304不锈钢氧化后形成的氧化膜低频阻抗仅3.2 Ω·cm²,而涂装涂层的不锈钢的低频阻抗约为1.1×10⁵ Ω·cm²。     

甲基有机硅树脂的无溶剂合成研究

以甲基三乙氧基硅烷单体和二甲基二乙氧基硅烷单体为原料,采用水解-缩聚的方法合成了甲基有机硅树脂,并研究了无溶剂合成甲基有机硅树脂的条件。结果表明,一定配比,水解温度为70℃,缩聚温度为80～85℃,反应时间为4h,可合成无溶剂体系的甲基有机硅树脂;红外光谱(IR)表明,合成的甲基有机硅树脂在Si-O-Si处有较宽的吸收峰;固化温度为140℃,固化4h,得到无色透明甲基有机硅树脂。     

环氧改性有机硅复合材料的研制

以环氧树脂改性有机硅树脂 ,测试并分析比较了环氧改性有机硅及有机硅复合材料的力学性能、电学性能、耐水性及耐热老化性能等。结果表明 ,改性后的树脂的力学性能及粘接力、耐水性均有提高 ,耐热老化及电性能下降幅度不大。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.