微波辅助萃取在色谱分析样品前处理中的应用

微波辅助萃取具有萃取效率高、速度快、消耗溶剂量少、操作简单等优点。简要总结了微波辅助萃取技术在色谱分析样品前处理中的应用进展。提出了微波辅助萃取存在的问题,展望了微波辅助萃取发展趋势。     

微波消解-原子吸收光谱法测定无汞催化剂中的贵金属含量

采用微波消解法对无汞催化剂样品进行前处理,以原子吸收光谱法测定样品中的贵金属含量。通过实验,确定了微波消解处理样品的条件和原子吸收光谱仪的最佳工作条件。     

生物样品中农药分析进展

综述了近年来生物样品中农药分析的样品前处理技术和检测方法,对固相萃取、固相微萃取、液相微萃取和微波辅助萃取等前处理技术、色谱-串联质谱联用技术、超临界流体色谱等检测方法进行了评述.并对生物样品中农药分析的发展趋势进行了讨论.     

浅谈农药残留检测的样品前处理技术的发展

文章介绍了近年来农药残留检测的样品前处理技术发展进行综述,总结了过去和现在使用农药残留检测的样品前处理技术,重点阐述了超临界流体萃取技术(SFE)、加速溶剂提取技术(ASE)、微波辅助萃取(MAE)、基质固相分散萃取技术(MSPDE)等新发展起来的样品前处理技术,旨在为农药残留检测技术的发展提供参考。     

环境样品中多环芳烃的前处理技术研究进展

多环芳烃是一类广泛存在于大气、水、土壤和生物等介质中的持久性有机污染物。环境样品中的多环芳烃含量非常低(痕量),直接采用现代色谱技术测定很困难,需对样品进行适当前处理。介绍了近年来有关固相萃取、固相微萃取、超声提取、超临界流体萃取、微波辅助萃取、加速溶剂萃取等多环芳烃的前处理技术,对这些技术自身的特点进行了比较和归纳,在此基础上对多环芳烃前处理技术的发展进行了展望。     

分析样品前处理的离子液体萃取技术

介绍了离子液体用于样品前处理的各种萃取技术,液相(微)萃取、固相(微)萃取、微波辅助萃取与各种仪器分析方法联用进行不同样品的分析检测,满足萃取富集倍率较高、萃取剂及样品用量较少的要求。     

样品前处理技术文献计量分析及其在环境分析监测领域的应用进展

为了解当前样品前处理技术领域研究现状，比较当前热门处理技术优缺点，探究样品前处理技术领域未来研究方向，利用CiteSpace文献计量分析软件，以CNKI数据库收录相关期刊作为数据来源，对近十年知网收录的关于样品前处理领域相关文献进行分析。数据分析结果显示，分子印迹技术、磁固相萃取、在线固相萃取、磁性纳米材料、分散固相萃取、微波消解技术、微波辅助萃取、冷冻干燥技术是近两年的研究热点，质谱法、液相色谱法、色谱-质谱串联等技术的研究一直备受该领域学者青睐。磁固相萃取技术具有巨大的发展潜力，但部分材料稳定性差、功能化难和易干扰检测结果等问题仍限制其推广应用。合理使用微波辅助萃取和冷冻干燥技术耦合传统分析检测手段可以显著提升环境中有机污染物和重金属含量的检测速度和准确率。综上，制备低成本、高稳定性和适用范围广的磁性纳米复合材料以及开发多元样品前处理技术将是今后的研究热点。     

酚类环境雌激素的样品前处理技术研究进展

酚类环境雌激素是最为常见的环境雌激素之一,其对人类、环境和生态的影响受到世界范围的关注。介绍了酚类环境雌激素的种类和毒性,详细讨论了各种样品前处理技术,包括溶剂萃取、索氏提取、固相萃取、基质固相分散萃取、微波辅助萃取、加速溶剂萃取、膜萃取、固相微萃取、搅拌棒吸附萃取、分子印迹聚合物萃取、超声辅助萃取、离子液体萃取、浊点萃取、超临界流体萃取等,并对酚类环境雌激素的样品前处理技术进行了总结和展望。     

Research Progress of Sample Pretreatment of Phenolic Environmental Estrogens

酚类环境雌激素是最为常见的环境雌激素之一,其对人类、环境和生态的影响受到世界范围的关注.介绍了酚类环境雌激素的种类和毒性,详细讨论了各种样品前处理技术,包括溶剂萃取、索氏提取、固相萃取、基质固相分散萃取、微波辅助萃取、加速溶剂萃取、膜萃取、固相微萃取、搅拌棒吸附萃取、分子印迹聚合物萃取、超声辅助萃取、离子液体萃取、浊点萃取、超临界流体萃取等,并对酚类环境雌激素的样品前处理技术进行了总结和展望.     

离子液体萃取技术在样品前处理中的应用研究

作为一种可设计的新型绿色溶剂,离子液体在样品萃取领域的应用得到越来越多的关注。介绍了离子液体萃取技术在样品前处理领域中的应用研究新进展,包括液-液萃取、液相微萃取、固相微萃取、膜分离及微波辅助萃取等方面,并展望了离子液体萃取技术发展前景。     

开放式超声微波协同萃取测定PVC塑料中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂研究

概述了邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)作为聚氯乙烯(PVC)增塑剂的应用、危害,说明了PAEs的理化性质,详细归纳了超声波、微波、超声.微波协同萃取技术的应用及PAEs分析测定方法.通过优化超声波、开放式微波和超声.微波等方式萃取PVC塑料样品中的PAEs的萃取条件,比较了3种不同萃取方式的萃取效率.结果表明,超声.微波协同萃取是比较理想的萃取方式.利用该方法对2种实际塑料样品中PAEs的萃取和分析,成功地定量测定了PVC塑料样品中DEHP、DINP和DBP等邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的含量.该法可用于塑料制品中各类邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的快速萃取和分析.     

Modeling and kinetics study of conventional and assisted batch solvent extraction

Batch solvent extraction techniques have been widely explored. On understanding its potential significance, this article aims to review kinetics and modeling of various extraction techniques which involve assisted means including microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), pulse electric field (PEF) and high voltage electrical discharge (HVED). This review includes a detailed discussion of the instrumental setup, extraction mechanisms and their distinct advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, the impact of the operating parameters on the extraction kinetics of the mentioned techniques are highlighted. The review also covers the mathematical modeling based on Fick's law, chemical rate law and empirical models. The established kinetic models of various extractions are also summarized to facilitate better understanding.     

A Review on Extraction Techniques and Its Future Applications in Industry

Extraction is a mandatory process for most of the industries, especially in the food processing industry to obtain the targeted compounds from various sources such as plant or seed samples. This review paper provides information about various extraction techniques that are normally used in the edible oil extraction industry. Five extraction techniques are presented in this paper. Among all the techniques presented in this paper, pressing and solvent extraction methods are considered as traditional techniques while supercritical fluid extraction, microwave assisted extraction, and ultrasound assisted extractions are considered as advanced techniques. Both advantages and disadvantages of supercritical fluid extraction, microwave assisted and ultrasound assisted extractions are discussed. Furthermore, the parameters that would affect the output of each technique are included in each section. Nowadays, research is going on to further enhance the extraction method to obtain a higher extraction yield or increase the quality of the extraction product. The enhancement can be either combining two or more extraction techniques into one complete process or modifying the available technique alone. Therefore, the theoretical knowledge provided in this review will be useful for future researchers who are interested in enhancing the extraction techniques. Practical Applications : Extraction is a mandatory process in edible oil extraction industry. Extraction industry is always looking for a process which is high efficiency and low extraction cost. Therefore, various advanced techniques or treatments are applied to optimize the oil yield and shorten the extraction time. This paper provides a review on various techniques by summarizing both advantages and disadvantages of each technique. The information can be very useful for improving the current extraction technique to further optimize the oil yield or enhance the quality of oil.     

女贞子中齐墩果酸的提取工艺及测定方法研究进展

齐墩果酸是女贞子中的主要有效成分。综述了近年来女贞子中齐墩果酸的提取工艺及测定方法。提取工艺包括溶剂提取法、半仿生提取法、超临界流体萃取法、超声波提取法和大孔树脂吸附法。测定方法包括薄层扫描色谱法、气相色谱法、高效液相色谱法和毛细管胶束电动色谱层析法。     

天然有机化合物提取与分离技术的研究和应用进展

对天然有机化合物的提取和分离技术进行了综述.对天然有机化合物的提取方法如超临界流体萃取、超声波提取、半仿生提取、酶法提取、微波辅助提取、固相萃取、固相微萃取进行了论述,并对大孔树脂吸附分离、高速逆流色谱分离、膜分离、高速离心分离、分子蒸馏、双水相萃取在天然有机化合物分离上的应用进行了详细论述.     

植物农药提取及纯化新技术研究

综述了新型分离技术如超临界流体萃取、微波辅助提取、超声技术提取和液膜萃取技术提取特点以及它们在植物农药提取分离中的应用研究进展,简要叙述了其发展前景。     

柿叶挥发油的提取及抗菌活性的研究进展

柿叶具有较高的营养价值和医疗保健作用,能制作保健茶、抗菌药物、食品香料等应用;通过水蒸气蒸馏、有机溶剂提取、超临界CO2萃取等方法对柿叶挥发油提取研究作了较为详细的综述,展望酶解辅助提取、亚临界水萃取等现代植物有效成分提取方法在柿叶有效成分提取研究;综述了柿叶提取物的抗菌作用及抗菌成分分析,表明柿叶提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌等细菌具有不同程度的拮抗作用。     

澳洲茶树总黄酮的超声波辅助提取

为进一步开发澳洲茶树资源,以澳洲茶树的总黄酮提取率为评价指标,利用超声波辅助提取,通过单因素试验及正交试验对澳洲茶树总黄酮的提取条件进行了研究。结果表明,该方法的优化条件为:溶剂为65%乙醇(体积分数),料液比1∶25g/mL,超声时间40 min;验证试验得到澳洲茶树总黄酮的提取率为6.89%。     

微波辅助萃取-GC/MS联用分析蜂胶挥发油

用均匀实验设计,二次多项式逐步回归法,优化了蜂胶挥发油的微波辅助萃取工艺,最佳条件为:以蜂胶为原料,石油醚为溶剂,萃取温度30℃,按蜂胶10g、石油醚110mL的比例进行萃取,萃取时间32min,重复提取2次,在此条件下,蜂胶挥发油提取率为13.83%。与溶剂法相比,微波辅助萃取法提取时间缩短为溶剂萃取法的2/45,蜂胶挥发油提取率提高至溶剂萃取法的1.51倍。通过GC-MS分析蜂胶挥发油,共分离得到54个峰,鉴定了52种,占总峰面积的98.63%。主要成分为17-三十五碳烯(21.36%),二十七烷(11.96%),1-十九烯(9.09%),二十九烷(7.96%),正二十一烷(6.26%),1-二十二烯(6.19%),羊毛甾醇醋酸酯(Lanosta-8,24-dien-3β-ol,acetate)(5.57%),萜烯类及酯类衍生物总相对质量分数为17.86%。     

Content of Antioxidants,Antioxidant Capacity and Oxidative Stability of Grape Seed Oil Obtained by Ultra Sound Assisted Extraction

The goal of this work was to investigate the relationship between antioxidants’ content and the oxidative stabilities of grape seed oils obtained from the Cabernet Sauvignon variety. The samples of grape seed oils were obtained by ultrasound assisted extraction. The time of extraction was varied, while the other relevant parameters: extraction temperature, solvent to solid ratio and sonication power were kept constant. For the sake of comparison, the extraction was also done using the conventional Soxhlet method. For all the oil samples obtained, the contents of total phenolic compounds (TPC), α-tocopherol and fatty acids were determined using relevant analytic methods. Importantly, in the present study, the modern analytical techniques for estimation of antioxidant capacity (measuring the chemiluminescence intensity of a luminol-hemin solution) and oxidative stability [differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), coupled with thermogravimetry (TG)] were proposed. The obtained results prove that ultrasonic irradiation enables effective extraction of grape seed oil. It was shown that the extractive yields and the amounts of total phenolic compounds and α-tocopherol increase with time of extraction; the optimum time was determined. Results obtained in this work show that, for both oxidative stability and antioxidant capacity, TPC have a more important role then α-tocopherol.