Fourier-transform-limited laser pulses tunable in wavelength and induration (400-2000 ps)

A combined system of an injection-seeded pulsed dye amplifier and a pulse compressor based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is investigated. It allows for the generation of powerful pulses both tunable in wavelength and in duration. Online tuning of the pulse duration is possible due to the dependence of SBS compression on input energy. A range of 400-2000 ps at up to 100 mJ output energy is demonstrated. The output pulses are temporally and spectrally resolved to investigate the properties of this system. Coherent nearly Fourier-transform-limited pulses of variable pulse duration in the extreme ultraviolet (UV) are produced employing harmonic conversion. As an application of such pulses a single rotational line of H₂ at 98-nm wavelength is excited, demonstrating that the system may be used for laser-spectroscopic studies to simultaneously gain spectral as well as dynamical information     

抽运光参数对玻璃中受激布里渊散射光能量提取效率的影响

以K9玻璃与熔石英玻璃代替传统的液体或气体作为纵向受激布里渊散射(LSBS)样品,波长1.064μm,脉宽可调的单纵模电光调Q激光器作抽运光,实验探讨了抽运光脉宽、抽运光能量大小、抽运光脉冲重复频率对纵向受激布里渊散射脉宽压缩效应和散射光能量提取效率的影响。实验结果表明,抽运激光脉冲重复频率高,则散射光能量提取效率高;脉宽小,则散射光能量提取效率高;焦距为500 mm时300 mm长的K9玻璃中得到的散射光能量提取效率比170 mm长的熔石英玻璃高;在抽运光脉冲重复频率为1 Hz时,二者都可以得到90%的散射光能量提取效率。探讨了抽运光为多纵模时,固体介质中受激布里渊散射与光学击穿相伴发生的三种不同情况。实验证明,多纵模情况下固体光学介质中同样可以发生受激布里渊散射;多纵模情况下不一定会对固体光学介质产生光学击穿破坏;光学击穿破坏的发生也不一定会阻止受激布里渊散射的发生,二者可以相伴发生。     

27-W average output power with 1.2*DL beam quality from asingle-rod Nd:YAG laser with phase-conjugating SBS mirror

The beam quality of a single-rod Nd:YAG laser with large mode volume was improved almost up to the diffraction limit by using a phase-conjugating mirror (PCM) based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS). A new resonator design was used with sulfur hexafluoride as the SBS medium. The laser is Q-switched by the nonlinear reflectivity of the PCM. The stable fundamental mode operation and high efficiency via large mode volume was guaranteed by the combination of a highly selective aperture setup and the SBS mirror. The system exhibits a temporal burst structure of up to 50 Hz and a repetition rate of 11 kHz within the burst. The single Q-switch pulse showed a width of 42 ns. The energy, width, and repetition rate of the Q-switch pulses within the burst can be adjusted by varying the parameters of the laser system     

主振荡功率放大激光器中锥度光纤相位共轭镜的实验研究

锥度光纤作为相位共轭镜具有高反射率、高保真度等优点，将3根自制的、规格不同的锥度光纤相位共轭镜应用在重复频率100Hz，脉宽28ns的激光二极管(LD)抽运的高功率脉冲激光主振荡功率放大器(MOPA)系统中，对其受激布里渊散射(SBS)性能以及锥度区尺寸的影响进行了研究。结果表明，芯径大于400μm的大尺寸锥度光纤可以应用于高功率激光系统中，如选择较长的后端光纤长度以及适当的锥度区规格可获得较高的受激布里渊散射能量反射率和输出能量。在应用总长5．2m，锥度区从φ400μm过渡到φ200μm的锥度光纤时，实验获得了高达85％的受激布里渊散射能量反射率和大于21mJ的双通输出能量，激光脉宽被压缩到17ns，最大峰值功率达到兆瓦量级。     

用后向SBS压缩电光调Q Cr∶LiSAF激光脉冲宽度的研究

在抽运能量一定的条件下 ,采用强聚焦短焦距透镜提高焦点处的光功率密度 ,将Cr∶LiSAF电光调Q激光器的输出脉冲聚焦于装有CS2 介质的受激布里渊散射 (SBS)池中 ,实现了宽线宽、多横模Cr∶LiSAF激光脉冲的后向SBS ,并观察到对激光脉宽的有效压缩。     

用后向SBS压缩电光调Q Cr:LiSAF激光脉冲宽度的研究

在抽运能量一定的条件下，采用强聚焦短焦距透镜提高焦点处的光功率密度，将Cr:LiSAF电光调Q激光器的输出脉冲聚焦于装有CS2介质的受激布里渊散射(SBS)池中，实现了宽线宽、多横模Cr:LiSAF激光脉冲的后向SBS，并观察到对激光脉宽的有效压缩。     

Laser pulse compression by stimulated Brillouin scattering in tapered waveguides

The use of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) for laser pulse compression by backward wave amplification in a tapered waveguide offers an attractive alternative to systems based on SRS for use with narrowband laser pulses. Almost one hundred percent conversion efficiencies may be achieved since it is not seriously limited by second Stokes production and with the added advantage that the Stokes pulse is a phase conjugate of the input pulse, under appropriate conditions. Due to the characteristically long damping times of Brillouin-active media, the SBS process is transient. In this regime, the tail of the Stokes pulse may experience a gain and loss modulation with the laser field resulting in a breakup of the Stokes pulse. This effect can be controlled by the geometric taper on the waveguide. A practical consideration of the scaling of a Brillouin compressor to high-power laser systems, notably KrF, is presented. Specific compressor configurations for the extraction of laser pulses in the nanosecond time scale are presented, and a survey of some promising compressor media indicate the practical possibility of accomplishing compression by SBS.     

用光栅压缩受激布里渊后向散射脉冲

本文报道了使用光栅压缩器对后向受激布里渊散射(SBS)脉冲的时间压缩。实验结果表明后向SBS是以线性扫频为主要成份.获得了脉宽为40ps的1.06μm压缩脉冲,压缩比为20倍.     

Generation of bound states of three ultrashort pulses with a passively mode-locked high-power Yb-doped double-clad fiber laser

We report the generation of high-power ultrashort bound states of three pulses in an ytterbium-doped double-clad fiber laser. The laser is mode-locked through nonlinear polarization rotation technique in a unidirectional cavity configuration. A pair of diffraction grating is incorporated in the cavity to compensate for the normal dispersion of the fiber. The laser generates chirped bound states of three pulses with either equal or different time separations, with more than 500-pJ energy per pulse. These pulses are subsequently compressed to 100 fs with a compression factor of more than 40.     

受激布里渊散射位相共轭激光器自调Q机理研究

基于受激布里渊散射的位相共轭激光器能够产生自调Q 脉冲并有效改善光束质量，分析了位相共轭激光器的自调Q 机理，认为SBS 属于快开关，可以采用阶跃函数描述而无需考虑过渡腔中复杂Q 值变化过程，分析了起始腔后反射率、耦合输出率以及SBS 饱和反射率对Q 调制过程以及输出脉冲时域和能量特性的影响，认为在设计SBS 激光器时应在保持阈值前提下选取具有较低后反射率的腔镜和具有较高SBS 饱和反射率的介质，在综合考虑耦合输出效率前提下优化选取合适的耦合输出率。     

利用块状介质进行飞秒强激光脉冲的腔外压缩

高强度飞秒激光脉冲的腔外压缩是获得高次谐波阿秒脉冲驱动源的必要手段.实验研究了超强超短飞秒激光脉冲在经过块状介质后的光谱展宽和色散补偿压缩现象.单脉冲能量0.26 mJ,脉宽50 fs的激光脉冲经透镜在空气中聚焦后再入射到块状材料上,出射脉冲光谱被展宽到接近40 nm.由于在块状材料中的自聚焦效应,出射光束质量变好并保持较小的空间啁啾.利用熔融石英棱镜对补偿带有正色散的出射脉冲,最后得到＞0.1 mJ,19 fs的压缩脉冲.利用SPIDER装置测量了出射脉冲的脉宽和光谱相位.整个系统的能量效率大约为35%,压缩后的激光脉冲具有很好的空间分布和平滑的时域包络.实验结果实现了利用块状材料对飞秒激光脉冲的腔外压缩,这种方法将适用于对更高能量飞秒脉冲的压缩.     

熔石英棒和光纤构成的新型复合型相位共轭镜

提出一种使用熔石英棒和光纤构成的新型复合型相位共轭装置,并在实验中得以实现.这种组合将具有高的激光损伤阈值的大直径熔石英棒和具有较低的受激布里渊散射(SBS)阈值的光纤结合在一起,构成了振荡-放大形式的双池式受激布里渊散射结构,使得从光纤受激布里渊散射反射的斯托克斯光注入到熔石英介质中形成了强迫受激布里渊散射过程.在这种机制下,该复合型相位共轭镜较之单块熔石英棒、单根光纤或组合芯径光纤这三种形式的相位共轭镜,具有更低的受激布里渊散射阈值和更高的受激布里渊散射反射率,而且可以在较高的输入功率下运行.实验中将其用于高重复频率高功率的激光二极管(LD)抽运激光主振荡放大(MOPA)系统中,在100 Hz重复频率下获得了42.05%的反射率,并且获得了很好的光束质量,光束质量因子M2值从输入光束的3减少到1.6,反射光斑稳定.在400 Hz下光束质量因子M2值达到1.7.     

光纤SBS压缩Cr:LISAF激光脉冲宽度的研究

将Cr：LISAF静态输出光聚焦于光纤介质中，进行模式竞争，实现了宽线宽、多横模Cr：LISAF激光脉冲的后向SBS，有效地压缩了激光脉冲。讨论了不同泵浦电压下的压缩情况，以及焦距、光纤的租细、长短对输出光脉宽压缩的影响。     

受激布里渊散射在ICF激光驱动器中的应用

本文概述了基于受激布里渊散射 (SBS)的位相共轭镜 (PCM )在惯性约束核聚变 (ICF)激光驱动器领域的实际应用 ,着重介绍了在高功率条件下 ,PCM的能量和功率负载强度、位相保真度和波形控制等关键问题。指出在超饱和工作条件下 ,采用SBS放大器—振荡器双池结构的PCM ,在获得高反射率、高保真度、可控脉冲输出的同时 ,不会增加激光系统的不稳定性。     

受激布里渊散射光束空间光强分布

将调Q的Nd:YAG激光脉冲聚焦到FC-72介质池中,利用电荷耦合器件(CCD)和数字图像处理技术,实验研究了后向受激布里渊散射(SBS)光斑的光强分布,获得了其光强分布及光斑大小随入射能量的变化规律。结果表明,在入射光束为基模高斯光束的条件下,随着入射光能量增大,受激布里渊散射光斑的空间光强分布由近高斯型变为高斯型。并且受激布里渊散射光斑大小总体上是随着入射光能量的增大而逐渐减小的。当入射能量在受激布里渊散射阈值附近时,受激布里渊散射光斑大小达到最大(大于入射光斑);当入射能量为3倍阈值以上时,受激布里渊散射光斑大小达到最小(小于入射光斑)。     

单模光纤中受激布里渊散射对纳秒激光脉冲的光限幅特性

采用 2m长 ,10 0 μm纤径单模光纤 ,研究了受激布里渊散射对纳秒激光脉冲的光限幅特性。从耦合波方程出发 ,利用计算机模拟了光纤中瞬态受激布里渊散射过程的光传输特性。理论模拟的能量及光强度的变化规律表明光纤系统对纳秒激光具有很好的光限幅特性。根据理论分析给出所讨论范围内的实验结果 ,实验结果证明此光学系统对纳秒激光脉冲具有光限幅特性及脉宽压缩特性 ,对于输入能量在 10 0～ 4 0 0 μJ变化的纳秒激光脉冲 ,给出输出能量稳定在 6 5～ 85 μJ范围内 ,与理论分析的结论符合得很好     

Picosecond spectroscopy of semiconductors

The time-resolved reflectivity of picosecond pulses from optically excited carrier distributions can provide important information about the energy relaxation rates of hot electrons and holes in semiconductors. The basic optical properties of non-equilibrium carrier distributions are discussed, and in the specific case of GaAs, a semi-empirical analysis of the reflectivity spectrum is described which estimates the contributions from the principal critical points of the band structure. Using Boltzmann factors to approximate the hot carrier distributions, it is found that the non-equilibrium reflectivity spectrum is a sensitive function of carrier temperature and that it can reverse its sign as the distribution relaxes. These results are in good qualitative agreement with recent experiments employing a mode-locked cw dye laser.     

K9玻璃与熔石英玻璃中纵向受激布里渊散射的脉宽压缩和能量提取效率

以K9玻璃与熔石英玻璃代替传统的液体或气体作为纵向受激布里渊散射(LSBS)样品,波长1.064μm,脉宽12 ns的单纵模电光调QNd∶YAG激光器作抽运光,实验上以脉宽压缩和后向斯托克斯(Stokes)散射光频移为标志,测到后向斯托克斯散射光线宽和散射光脉宽压缩比。研究了纵向受激布里渊散射样品的长度、抽运光能量大小、材料种类对纵向受激布里渊散射脉宽压缩效应和散射光能量提取效率的影响。实验结果表明,熔石英与K9玻璃的受激布里渊散射发生阈值、饱和阈值、散射光能量提取效率、散射光脉冲波形均相近,K9玻璃可以成为一种更廉价的受激布里渊散射介质。针对170 mm的熔石英玻璃样品,找到了纵向受激布里渊散射的发生阈值、饱和阈值,并得到了较高的散射光能量提取效率,从100 mm的熔石英玻璃中获得了87%的散射光能量提取效率,而从170 mm的熔石英中获得了90%左右的散射光能量提取效率。实验数据拟合的规律曲线印证了数值模拟结果。     

Multiple-Stokes stimulated Brillouin scattering generation in pulsed high-power double-cladding Er/sup 3+/-Yb/sup 3+/-codoped fiber amplifier

Cascaded Stokes waves generation due to stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) of coherent optical pulses in a double-cladding Er/sup 3+/-Yb/sup 3+/ codoped fiber amplifier is reported. The highest attainable output power strongly depends on the amplifier pumping arrangement. A maximum of 40-W peak power has been obtained in counterpumping configuration. The highest energy extracted from the single-mode fiber amplifier in 1-/spl mu/s pulses is limited SBS to 15 /spl mu/J. Theses results have been theoretically confirmed using coupled-waves SBS model.     

Experimental study of stimulated Brillouin scattering by broad-bandpumping

A XeCl laser system has been used to investigate stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) cyclohexane and methanol with laser radiation of spectral width Δν_p much larger than the bandwidth of the excited acoustic wave Δν_a. The reflectivity and the phase conjugation (PC) fidelity of the SBS reflector versus pump intensity and bandwidth have been measured. It is shown experimentally that the PC fidelity and the reflectivity are strongly dependent on the pump spectral width and intensity. However, the experimental results show that the use of a liquid SBS reflector is still effective for correcting the spatial aberrations of laser radiation with Δν _p≃30 Δν_a in a double-pass amplifier