芳纶纤维的表面改性及增强高分子复合材料的研究进展

介绍了芳纶纤维的表面改性技术进展,及其在高分子复合材料中的应用效果,对表面涂覆、表面辐照、等离子体、表面氧化、表面接枝等物理或化学的芳纶纤维表面改性方法的原理和实施效果进行了重点描述,对芳纶纤维的表面改性技术的现状进行了评述。兼顾环境友好、纤维损伤小、高表面活化的高效和环保的表面改性技术的复合化是芳纶纤维表面改性技术的发展趋势。     

芳纶表面改性研究进展

简单回顾了芳纶的发展历史,阐述了表面涂层法、化学改性、物理改性等几种芳纶表面改性方法的研究现状,同时介绍了3种常用来表征纤维复合材料界面结合强度的方法,最后指出芳纶表面改性技术的发展方向。     

芳纶纤维的表面处理及其在橡胶工业中的应用

介绍了芳纶纤维的种类、性能、表面改性及其在橡胶制品中的应用。芳纶纤维高模量、高强度、低密度、耐氧化、耐腐蚀的性能使其在轮胎、软管、胶布等橡胶基体复合材料领域作为增强材料有着广泛的应用前景。由于表面的惰性限制了芳纶纤维的应用,因而其表面处理尤为重要,硝化／还原、氯磺化等化学改性和等离子体、电子束等物理改性均可改善芳纶纤维表面的物理和化学状态,提高其与基体间的粘合性能。     

芳纶纤维/环氧树脂预浸料界面相容性的方法探究

预浸料要求树脂基体和增强纤维具有良好的匹配性,为了提高芳纶纤维/环氧树脂预浸料的界面相容性,本文从芳纶纤维表面改性及增韧技术两个方面进行综述,讨论了芳纶纤维物理改性和化学改性方法的优缺点,分析了界面增韧及环氧树脂基体的不同增韧途径,重点介绍了聚氨酯/环氧树脂互穿网络体系.认为芳纶纤维的偶联剂表面处理和聚氨酯增韧环氧树脂相结合,是提高芳纶纤维/环氧树脂预浸料层间剪切强度的的可行途径.     

对位芳纶表面改性的最新研究进展

介绍了聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维(又称对位芳纶)的表面改性技术及其研究进展。对位芳纶的表面改性方法分为物理改性和化学改性,其中,化学改性包括表面刻蚀、表面接枝、共聚改性等方法,物理改性包括等离子体处理、表面涂层、γ射线辐射、超声浸渍处理、紫外辐照等方法。指出了对位芳纶表面改性的未来发展方向是实现无损改性和工业化在线处理。     

芳纶表面改性技术进展(一)——物理改性方法

简单介绍了芳纶Ⅱ、芳纶Ⅲ及Technora 3种对位芳纶,并对芳纶表面改性的物理方法进行了概述。综合论述了表面涂层技术、等离子体技术、超声波技术、γ-射线技术在芳纶表面改性过程中的应用过程、反应原理及改性效果。结合应用实践,对相关物理改性技术的应用进行了探讨和展望。     

芳纶及其复合材料的制备技术及应用进展

介绍了对位芳香族聚酰胺纤维(简称对位芳纶)、间位芳香族聚酰胺纤维(简称间位芳纶)、带有杂环结构的三元共聚聚酰胺纤维(芳纶Ⅲ)的制备工艺及性能特点;概述了国内外芳纶的发展概况,我国对位芳纶、间位芳纶、芳纶Ⅲ及其复合材料的研究进展;阐述了芳纶在航空航天领域、军事和个体防护装备领域、建筑领域、电子电器材料领域、橡胶工业、环保领域的应用;指出今后我国对位芳纶的研究在其高聚物制备和纺丝技术上还需进一步提升;芳纶增强复合材料中,对于芳纶表面改性技术尚处于实验室阶段,实现大批量工业化生产,以及表面改性效果的持久性仍有待于进一步研究。     

芳纶表面改性技术进展(二)——化学改性方法

对芳纶表面改性的化学方法进行了概述。论述了表面刻蚀技术、表面接枝技术在芳纶表面改性过程中的应用过程、反应原理、改性效果,对化学改性技术的优缺点进行了分析,指出了其进一步的发展趋势。     

芳纶与橡胶界面粘合技术的研究进展

综述提高芳纶/橡胶界面粘合性能主要技术方法的基本原理和研究进展.芳纶表面活化处理包括物理改性和化学改性.物理改性是通过物理技术对芳纶表面进行刻蚀和清洗,引入活性基团;化学改性是利用化学试剂与芳纶表面发生化学反应,通过化学键合或极性作用提高芳纶与基体之间的粘合强度.间苯二酚-甲醛-胶乳体系浸渍处理通过分别与芳纶表面和橡胶大分子作用,改善两者的界面粘合状态.橡胶的增粘改性处理是通过粘合剂与纤维和橡胶的反应促进两者的粘合,通常与表面活化和浸渍处理配合使用.     

环氧树脂/多巴胺增强芳纶纤维界面性能

由于芳纶纤维表面光滑且呈现化学惰性,与环氧树脂等基体材料结合后界面性能较差。为此,采用多巴胺在不同时间下对改进型芳纶Ⅲ纤维表面进行改性处理,并研究了对环氧树脂/多巴胺改性芳纶纤维界面性能的影响。对扫描电子显微镜对纤维改性前后表面形貌进行表征,发现纤维改性后表面粗糙度提高,利于与环氧树脂间界面结合。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱对纤维改性前后基团和表面元素含量进行表征,改性后纤维表面活性基团增加,极性增强。通过热重分析表明聚多巴胺成功吸附在纤维表面。测量纤维表面接触角,改性后的接触角更小,有利于环氧树脂润湿纤维。采用横向丝束复合材料的拉伸强度表征环氧树脂/芳纶纤维的界面性能。最终确定了多巴胺浓度为2 g/L,在多巴胺溶液中处理4 h为最佳条件,在该条件拉伸强度比为改性前提高了28.06%,拉伸弹性模量提高了14.68%。     

芳纶表面化学改性技术研究现状

概述了芳纶表面化学改性的方法。从芳纶分子结构的特点出发,论述了芳纶表面化学刻蚀及化学接枝等化学改性技术的原理、特点和应用效果;详述了基于芳纶结构中苯环上的硝化还原反应、氯磺化反应和酰胺基上的水解反应、氢取代反应、金属化反应等的反应原理及应用效果。指出多种化学改性技术的交叉应用将成为芳纶表面化学改性的趋势。     

Argon low‐temperature plasma modification of chopped aramid fiber and its effect on paper performance of aramid sheets

Chopped aramid fiber was modified by an argon low‐temperature plasma treatment to enhance the interfacial strength of aramid paper. The water contact angle of the aramid fiber and the tensile strength, tearing strength, and evenness of the aramid sheets were investigated under different conditions, and the parameters of the argon low‐temperature plasma modification, like gas pressure, discharge power, and discharge time, were optimized. The chemical structure and surface morphology of the fiber after plasma modification were characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The strengthening mechanism of aramid paper by low‐temperature plasma modification was also studied. It was found that the argon low‐temperature plasma treatment introduced some new polar groups onto the fiber surface and increased the fiber surface wettability and roughness. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 45215.     

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Surface modification of aramid fibers with novel chemical approach

Friedel–Crafts Reaction as a simple and convenient approach to the surface modification of aramid fiber was introduced in this paper. Epoxy chloropropane was chosen as the treatment reagent to modify aramid fibers surface via Graft reaction. After the modification, the interfacial properties of aramid/epoxy composites were investigated by the single fiber pull-out test (SFP), and the mechanical properties of aramid fibers were investigated by the tensile strength test. The results showed that the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) value of aramid/epoxy composites was enhanced by about 50%, and the tensile strength of aramid fibers had no obvious damage. The crystalline state of aramid fibers was determined by X-ray diffraction instrument (XRD), and the results showed that there were not any distinct crystal type varieties. The surface elements of aramid fibers were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the analysis of which showed that the oxygen/carbon ratio of aramid fiber surface increased obviously. The possible changes of the chemical structure of aramid fibers were investigated via Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR), and the analysis of which showed that the epoxy functional groups were grafted into the molecule structure of aramid fibers. The surface morphology of aramid fibers was analyzed by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the SEM results showed that the physical structure of aramid fibers was not etched or damaged obviously. The surface energy of aramid fibers was investigated via the dynamic capillary method, and the results showed that the surface energy was enhanced by 31.5%, and then the wettability degree of aramid fiber surface was enhanced obviously too. All of the results indicated that this novel chemical modification approach not only can improve the interfacial bonding strength of aramid/epoxy composites remarkably, but also have no negative influence on the intrinsic tensile strength of aramid fibers.     

芳纶表面改性研究进展

综述了近几年芳纶表面改性研究的新进展,包括高能物理法中的等离子体处理、超声波处理、γ射线处理,表面涂覆法,化学改性法以及最新的氟化处理法,并讨论了几种处理方法的优缺点和实用性。     

Interfacial studies on the surface modified aramid fiber reinforced epoxy composites

In this work, solutions of rare earth modifier (RES) and epoxy chloropropane (ECP) grafting modification method were used for the surface treatment of aramid fiber. The effect of chemical treatment on aramid fiber has been studied in a composite system. The surface characteristics of aramid fibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The interfacial properties of aramid/epoxy composites were investigated by means of the single fiber pull‐out tests. The mechanical properties of the aramid/epoxy composites were studied by interlaminar shear strength (ILSS). As a result, it was found that RES surface treatment is superior to ECP grafting treatment in promoting the interfacial adhesion between aramid fiber and epoxy matrix, resulting in the improved mechanical properties of the composites. Meanwhile, the tensile strengths of single fibers were almost not affected by RES treatment. This was probably due to the presence of reactive functional groups on the aramid fiber surface, leading to an increment of interfacial binding force between fibers and matrix in a composite system. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102:4165–4170, 2006     

介质阻挡放电在芳纶表面改性中的应用

综述了介质阻挡放电应用于芳纶表面改性研究的最新进展;介绍了介质阻挡放电的机理、特点以及国内主要的介质阻挡放电等离子体的设备;阐述了介质阻挡放电对芳纶亲水性能和粘结性能等表面性能的改善。指出芳纶等离子体表面改性的时间效应限制了其广泛应用,应进一步加强纤维表面等离子体改性的机理研究。     

芳纶的发展现状及其表面改性研究进展

芳纶以密度小、高模量、高强度等多种优异性能被广泛应用,而纤维表面改性和功能化研究是实现其高附加值利用的基础.介绍了芳纶的发展历史和现状,总结了芳纶的分类和性质,并详细阐述了芳纶表面改性的主要方法以及最新研究成果,希望为后续的研究提供新的思路.     

对位芳纶表面的氧化改性研究

针对对位芳纶极性差、表面光滑、与树脂材料黏合性差的问题,通过利用重铬酸钾-浓硫酸氧化体系对对位芳纶进行氧化改性试验及分析,研究改性前后对位芳纶的力学性能及表面形态变化情况。采用模糊数学分析法对试验数据进行分析处理,并通过红外光谱分析、扫描电镜观察纤维外观形态变化情况,从而得出对位芳纶表面氧化改性的最佳工艺为:重铬酸钾质量浓度7.5 g/L,浓硫酸质量分数10%,温度40℃,时间30 min。