国内期刊荟萃

聚氨酯／环氧树脂ＩＰＮ的研究 胡晓兰等 化工新型材料,２００１,（８）：２１ 互穿聚合物网络（ＩＰＮ）是指聚合物中存在两种以上的网络相互贯穿在一起,互穿网络聚合物可以看作是一种特殊的聚合物的共混物。从制备方法上它接近于接枝共混法;从相间无化学结合来看,则接近于机械共混法,因此,可把ＩＰＮ视为用化学法实现的机械共混物。 聚氨酯／环氧 ＩＰＮ在粘结剂、涂料、高模量塑料制品、增强橡胶等方面得到应用。文章综述了聚三酯／环氧树脂的ＩＰＮ生成动力学与相分离过程,以及形态与性能,并介绍了聚氨酯／环氧树脂ＩＰＮ的应…     

聚氨酯环氧树脂互穿网格的性能研究

本文以Ｎ，Ｎ—二甲基苄胺和二月桂酸二丁基锡为催化剂合成聚氨酯（ＰＵ）环氧树脂（ＥＰ）互穿网络（ＩＰＮ）弹性体，考察了产物的力学性能和热学性能。实验结果表明，ＩＰＮＰＵ／ＥＰ比纯ＰＵ具有更好的物理机械性能及加工性能，拉伸强度得到很大提高，并在ＥＰ含量为２０％时达到最大，而热稳定性有所降低。     

聚氨酯脲增强增韧环氧树脂性能的研究

用原位多相聚合技术合成了聚氨酯脲 /环氧树脂互穿网络聚合物 (IPN) ,得到了环氧树脂准分子复合材料 ,测定了产物的力学性能和热性能 ,探讨了聚醚分子质量和聚氨酯脲加入量对环氧树脂增强增韧过程的影响 ,并对反应体系的活性进行了考察。     

聚氨酯环氧树脂互穿网络的性能研究

本文以Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲基苄胺和二月桂酸二丁基锡为催化剂合成聚氨酯环氧树脂互穿网络弹性体，考察了产物的力学性能和热学性能。实验结果表明，ＩＰＮＰＵ／ＥＰ比纯ＰＵ具有更好的物理机枪豚加工性能，拉伸强度得到很大提高，并在ＥＰ含量为２０％时达到最大，而热稳定性有所降低。     

新型防霉防鼠防腐漆研制成功

一种新型ＩＰＮ防腐涂料由武汉市现代工业技术研究所研究成功。该涂料采用了目前世界上新型的高分子体系——能常温固化的高分子互穿网络体系，简称为ＩＰＮ，这种涂料主要由环氧树脂、聚氨酯、聚酯、烯烃聚合物组成，不同的聚合物之间自交联，互锁成网络，比单一的环氧树...     

新型IPN防腐涂料在汉研究成功

一种新型ＩＰＮ防腐涂料由武汉市现代工业技术研究所研究成功。该涂料采用了目前世界上新型的高分子体系——能常温固化的高分子互穿网络体系，简称为ＩＰＮ，这种涂料主要由环氧树脂、聚氨酯、聚酯、烯烃聚合物组成，不同的聚合物之间自交联，互锁成网络，比单一的环氧树...     

聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯／环氧树脂互穿网络聚合物交联密度及？…

用同步法合成了聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯／环氧树脂互穿网络聚合物（ＰＣＰＵ／ＥＰＩＰＮ）。红外光谱分析表明两组分间存在一定程度的化学结合。动态力学性能分析表明：由于两网络间的互穿、缠结以及接枝反应的发生,使体系中ＰＣＰＵ和ＥＰ的相容性得到改善。用溶胀法测定了ＩＰＮ体系的交联密度,结果发现形成ＩＰＮ后体系的交联密度相应比纯组分有所提高。力学性能测试表明：在ｍ（ＰＣＰＵ）／ｍ（ＥＰ）＝２５／７５处ＩＰＮ体系的力     

IPN胶粘剂

本文简要叙述了ＩＰＮ胶粘剂的特点，早期ＩＰＮ胶粘剂的品种以及聚氨酯ＩＰＮ胶粘剂的制备、性能、特点和应用范围。     

聚氨酯－环氧接技互贯网络聚合物Ⅰ．机械特性

把聚已二酸丁二醇酯（ＰＢＡ）和聚氧化丙烯多元醇（ＰＰＧ）为基料的聚氨酯被引入双酚Ａ二环氧缩水甘油醚（环氧树脂）中，构成具有聚氨酯（ＰＵ）接技环氧树脂（Ｅｐｏｘｙ）结构的互贯网络聚合物（ＩＰＮｓ，ｇｒａｆｔ－ＩＰＮｓ）．Ｐｕ（ＰＰＧ）／Ｅｐｏｘｙ和Ｐｕ（ＰＢＡ）／Ｅｐｏｘｙ二体系的抗拉强度随着ＰＵ含量的增加而增加，其最大值出现在Ｐｕ／Ｅｐｏｘｙ比率为１９／８１到２７／７３之间。这是由于接技结构引起的结果，接技结构可使接技互贯网络聚合物中的聚氨酯和环氧之间产生更加紧密的互贯网络。     

网络间的化学键效应对聚氨酯／乙烯基酯树脂IPN形态与力学性能的影响

本文通过环氧树脂（Ｅ—５１）与甲基丙烯酸合成了大分子链中含有羟基或羟基被封闭的乙烯基酯树脂（分别称为ＶＥＲＨ与ＶＥＲＡ），并用它们与聚氨酯（ＰＵ）合成了不同组成的ＰＵ／ＶＥＲ互穿网络（ＩＰＮ），用扫描电子显微镜考察了这些ＩＰＮ材料的形态，发现网络间的化学键对ＩＰＮ的形态有很大影响，它们抑制了两个网络间的分相以及ＰＵ硬段局部有序结构的形成。对这些材料的力学性能进行了测定，结果表明网络间的化学键能较大幅度地提高材料的力学性能。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。