立体显示器的立体效果评价方法研究

随着数字电视技术和平板显示技术的发展,立体显示技术逐渐成为当前电视技术发展的新热点.立体显示状态下,最关心的是立体显示效果.为了有效地评价自由立体显示器的立体显示效果、促进立体显示技术的发展,需要建立适当的评价标准与评价方法.文中在充分分析国内外相关评价方法的基础上,重点介绍了利用视差感知和视差评估的方法进行立体显示效果的评价,结果表明其对于自由立体显示评价可以得到较明确的分析结果,并对研究前景进行了探讨     

计算机图形立体显示技术研究

本文系统地介绍了一种利用计算机进行立体图形显示的原理和方法，并根据此原理成功地实现了一些简单几何体的立体显示，这无疑为空物体的计算机立体显示和仿真奠定了基础。     

多投影仪自由立体显示的GPU几何及亮度校正技术

由多个投影仪拼接显示的自由立体显示系统有很大的显示区域,能够产生更好的立体显示效果.针对可伸缩高分辨率多投影仪自由立体显示的系统特性和屏幕特性,通过分析各种几何校正和亮度校正算法,采用二次几何校正方法解决了自由立体显示中斜投影造成的部分特征点不在屏幕上的问题;提出了基于GPU的亮度自适应多模板校正方法,并通过GPU程序...     

三维立体显示综述

按基本工作原理是否为双目视差将三维立体显示分为两大类。基于双目视差原理的三维立体显示主要有眼镜/头盔式立体显示和光栅式自由立体显示,这类三维立体显示的技术相对成熟并有相应产品;非基于双目视差原理的三维立体显示主要有全息立体显示、集成成像立体显示和体显示等,这类三维立体显示的技术较不成熟,大多没有相应产品。对这些三维立体显示的器件结构、工作原理以及各自的特性进行了阐述。     

探究立体显示系统在虚拟现实中的运用

论述主、被动立体显示的基本原理,提出虚拟现实中的交互式立体显示系统的架构设计和运用方法.重点阐述基于PC机与专业双屏显卡阵列的大场景立体显示系统的构成要素及原理,并指出与之对应的虚拟场景生成方法,为交互式仿真系统中实现立体显示特别是沙盘立体显示系统给出了解决方案,最后分析比较大场景主、被动立体显示方式优劣及未来发展趋势.     

三维立体显示中的纹理误差消除

在两步纹理映射算法中,一般以半球面作为中介面来进行立体投影,由于球体的不可延展性,在映射的过程中不可避免的会产生较大的纹理形变,严重影响了立体显示的真实感.分析了传统的基于立体投影映射的方法产生纹理形变的原因,将纹理不变形准则与半球面纹理映射技术相结合,并采用了双中心立体投影算法进行三维立体显示,提高了立体显示中纹理映射的质量,有效的消除了立体显示中的纹理误差,具有较好的真实感.     

基于立体分光原理的三维立体显示技术

本项目提供了一种易于实现,价格低廉,观看舒适,立体呈现性能出色的三维立体显示系统。该系统采用立体分光原理,以两台上下普通液晶显示器作为人机交互平台,使用时观众只需佩戴偏光眼镜进行观看,就能欣赏到高质量的三维立体显示效果。该系统同时可以在二维和三维显示之间自由切换。     

基于立体分光原理的三维立体显示技术

关键技术：本项目提供了一种易于实现,价格低廉,观看舒适,立体呈现性能出色的三维立体显示系统。该系统采用立体分光原理,以两台上下普通液晶显示器分别提供左眼和右眼影像,使用时观众只需佩戴偏光眼镜进行观看,就能欣赏到高质量的三维立体显示效果。为了便于该项技术的产业化,我们同时提出了与硬件显示系统配套的软件媒体解决方案,使得该项目可以在二维和三维显示之间自由切换,使该项目更具有市场投资潜力。     

立体显示技术在船艇模拟训练系统中的应用研究

为进一步增强船艇模拟训练系统的视景真实感,提高模拟训练的效果,本文首先分析了立体显示的基本原理;然后根据船艇模拟训练系统视景的特点,对实现立体视景仿真的软件实现方法和硬件构成进行了研究;最后对应用中可能出现的技术难点进行了探讨。     

虚拟现实场景中立体视差生成算法的研究

近几年来,虚拟现实技术的广泛应用前景引起了国内外越来越多学者的兴趣和重视,而且国外的一些机构在这方面的研究也已经取得了一些很重要的成果。立体显示技术是虚拟现实的关键技术之一,而对视差的研究又是立体显示技术一个很重要的方面。该文首先论述了双眼的生理结构和双眼视差的形成以及计算机上实现立体视觉的原理,然后对虚拟现实中生成双眼视差得到立体图对的多种方法进行了研究,并在虚拟现实设备上实现,通过比较和分析各种显示效果给出了研究结论。     

Stereoscopic 3‐D display with optical correction for the reduction of the discrepancy between accommodation and convergence

Abstract— This paper describes a method for reducing the discrepancy between accommodation and convergence when viewing stereoscopic 3‐D images. The method uses a newly developed stereoscopic 3‐D display system with a telecentric optical system and a mobile LCD. The examination of a mono‐focal lens showed that a correction lens having the appropriate refractive power and conditions for presenting stereoscopic 3‐D images clearly reduces the discrepancy between accommodation and convergence. The authors also developed a stereoscopic 3‐D display that uses dynamic optical correction to reduce the discrepancy between accommodation and convergence. The display equalizes the theoretical points of accommodation and convergence. The purpose of the development was to expand the regeneration range of a stereoscopic 3‐D image having the appropriate accommodation. An evaluation of the developed display showed that it resolves the discrepancy between convergence and accommodation.     

基于OGRE的双目立体显示研究与实现

双目立体显示是计算机图形学中的一项前沿技术,在虚拟现实领域发挥着重要作用.分析了双目立体显示的原理,根据平行双目投影模型,提出一种基于OGRE(面向对象图形渲染引擎)的双目立体显示方案.该方案充分利用OGRE中的虚拟摄像机和视口合成技术,并在底层结合CG脚本,保证了渲染的效率.结果表明,对于正负两种视差,该方案均有明显的立体效果,并能灵活漫游及更换不同的场景,非常适合实际应用.     

Comparing speech versus text displays for alarm handling

The rise of computers in command and control domains has meant that control operations can be performed via desk-based visual display terminals. This trend has also produced the potential to display information to operators in a variety of formats. Of particular interest has been the use of text-based displays for alarm presentation. There are possible limitations to the use of text for alarm presentation, not least of which is the need for a dedicated alarms display screen (or, at least, a display page). Given the capability of computers to synthesize speech, it is possible that speech-based alarms could generate the same information as text-based displays without the need for dedicated screen space. In this paper an experimental comparison of speech-based and text-based displays for presentation of alarms is reported. The findings show that speech leads to longer response times than text displays, but that it has minimal effect on the efficacy of fault handling. The results are discussed within the alarm initiated activities framework and implications for alarm system design are outlined.     

Minimizing distortions: seating requirements for stereo projection rooms

Stereoscopic information is distorted when the observer is not seated at the correct station point. Given a number of people who must watch a stereoscopic display simultaneously, what is the best seating arrangement so that as few people as possible will suffer from distorted perception? This question was analysed mathematically. Regardless of the configuration displayed, it is best to use as large a display as practical, seat viewers as far from the screen as possible in a small number of rows, and compute the station point accordingly. However, the distortion function varies greatly in shape and extent from one configuration to another. It is therefore impossible to give generally valid values for the tradeoff between distance and orientation: these depend on both the specific configuration and its orientation. Guidelines on how to compute the best seating arrangement in any given case are provided.     

基于TFT LCD的立体显示技术研究

裸眼立体显示器使用特殊的光学方法能产生左右眼互不干扰的独立视区,由于其能使立体对图像与眼睛正确对应,因此不需要配戴立体眼镜等视图分隔装置也可以获得立体感.为了实现高清晰无闪烁的裸眼立体显示,在简述几种典型的基于TFT LCD的立体显示技术的基础上,选择线光源照明法作为重点研究对象,先分析了左右视图截面光路的特点,然后利用菲林曝光方法制造光栅胶片,设计了一种产生线光源的照明板,最后探讨了立体显示器的基本结构,并据此开发了一种基于TFT LCD的立体显示器.实验结果表明,研制的样机可以获得高清晰无闪烁的裸眼立体显示.     

The relationship between three-dimensional imaging and group decision making: an exploratory study

This paper describes an empirical investigation of the effect of 3D imaging on group performance in a tactical planning task. The objective of the study is to examine the role that stereoscopic imaging can play in supporting face-to-face group problem solving and decision making-in particular, the alternative generation and evaluation processes in teams. It was hypothesized that with the stereoscopic display, group members would better visualize the information concerning the task environment, producing open communication and information exchanges. The experimental setting was a tactical command and control task, and the quality of the decisions and nature of the group decision process were investigated, with three treatments: 1) noncomputerized, i.e., topographic maps with depth cues; 2) 2D imaging; and 3) stereoscopic imaging. The results were mixed on group performance. However, those groups with the stereoscopic displays generated more alternatives and spent less time on evaluation. In addition, the stereoscopic decision aid did not interfere with the group problem solving and decision-making processes. The paper concludes with a discussion of potential benefits, and the need to resolve demonstrated weaknesses of the technology     

Under the weather: an evaluation of different modes of presenting meteorological information for pilots

Understanding current and forecast weather conditions for a planned route of flight is vital for general aviation (GA) pilots. Weather information can be obtained from multiple sources and in multiple formats, ranging from abbreviated code provided by aviation weather forecasters to animated graphical displays available on TV and the Internet. The present study investigated the effectiveness of graphical displays of meteorological information. A commercially available graphical display was ergonomically redesigned and the original and redesigned displays were compared with an ordinary text statement. Recall of information was significantly affected by display type. Comparisons showed the ergonomically redesigned display to be superior to the ordinary text statement. Performance was affected by participants’ general level of familiarity with evaluating data displays as measured by their area of study (sciences or humanities). The generalizability of the results to the pilot population is discussed.     

Effect of geometric field of view on stereoscopic spatial judgments

Within a stereoscopic display the field of view (FOV) was held constant at 13.86 degrees while the geometric field of view (GFOV) was varied across four levels: 0 degrees (parallel), 13.86 degrees (veridical), 50 degrees and 100 degrees. Participants performed a distance-matching task where they adjusted the distance of a standard track from the centre of the display to match the distance of a target track from the same point. The results indicated that while the least error occurred in the veridical GFOV condition, small variations of GFOV away from the veridical have little effect. Large differences between FOV and GFOV (36 degrees and 86 degrees) increased errors markedly. A trend toward better performance in the veridical GFOV condition relative to the parallel GFOV condition suggests that the use of linear perspective information in a stereoscopic display may facilitate more accurate spatial perception. Actual or potential applications of this work include stereoscopic display design in aviation and non-aviation settings.     

Multiple two-dimensional displays as an alternative to three-dimensional displays in telerobotic tasks

In this study a multiple-view two-dimensional (2D) display was compared with a three-dimensional (3D) monocular display and a 3D stereoscopic display using a simulated telerobotic task. As visual aids, three new types of visual enhancement cues were provided and evaluated for each display type. The results showed that the multiple-view 2D display was superior to the 3D monocular and the 3D stereoscopic display in the absence of the visual enhancement depth cues. When participants were provided with the proposed visual enhancement cues, the stereoscopic and monocular displays became equivalent to the multiple-view 2D display. Actual or potential applications of this study include the design of visual displays for teleoperation systems.     

Advanced methods for displays and remote control of robots

An in-depth evaluation of the usability and situation awareness performance of different displays and destination controls of robots are presented. In two experiments we evaluate the way information is presented to the operator and assess different means for controlling the robot. Our study compares three types of displays: a “blocks” display, a HUD (head-up display), and a radar display, and two types of controls: touch screen and hand gestures. The HUD demonstrated better performance when compared to the blocks display and was perceived to have greater usability compared to the radar display. The HUD was also found to be more useful when the operation of the robot was more difficult, i.e., when using the hand-gesture method. The experiments also pointed to the importance of using a wide viewing angle to minimize distortion and for easier coping with the difficulties of locating objects in the field of view margins. The touch screen was found to be superior in terms of both objective performance and its perceived usability. No differences were found between the displays and the controllers in terms of situation awareness. This research sheds light on the preferred display type and controlling method for operating robots from a distance, making it easier to cope with the challenges of operating such systems.