Issues in integrating cellular networks WLANs, AND MANETs: a futuristic heterogeneous wireless network

The popularity of wireless communication systems can be seen almost everywhere in the form of cellular networks, WLANs, and WPANs. In addition, small portable devices have been increasingly equipped with multiple communication interfaces building a heterogeneous environment in terms of access technologies. The desired ubiquitous computing environment of the future has to exploit this multitude of connectivity alternatives resulting from diverse wireless communication systems and different access technologies to provide useful services with guaranteed quality to users. Many new applications require a ubiquitous computing environment capable of accessing information from different portable devices at any time and everywhere. This has motivated researchers to integrate various wireless platforms such as cellular networks, WLANs, and MANETs. Integration of different technologies with different capabilities and functionalities is an extremely complex task and involves issues at all layers of the protocol stack. This article envisions an architecture for state-of-the-art heterogeneous multihop networks, and identifies research issues that need to be addressed for successful integration of heterogeneous technologies for the next generation of wireless and mobile networks.     

A taxonomy of ubiquitous computing applications

Ubiquitous computing is emerging as a new paradigm in next-generation information technology. This new paradigm has been embodied into tremendous business models and applications through lots of ubiquity-related technologies. In this study, a new taxonomy for these business applications and technologies is suggested. In order to prove the practical values, two case applications of the taxonomy are conducted. In the cases, 24 ubiquitous computing services and 19 ubiquitous computing projects are classified so that the status quo of ubiquitous computing is analyzed.     

Task scheduling mechanisms in cloud computing: A systematic review

Today, cloud computing has developed as one of the important emergent technologies in communication and Internet. It offers on demand, pay per use access to infrastructure, platforms, and applications. Due to the increase in its popularity, the huge number of requests need to be handled in an efficient manner. Task scheduling as one of the challenges in the cloud computing supports the requests for assigning a particular resource so as to perform effectively. In the resource management, task scheduling is performed where there is the dependency between tasks. Many approaches and case studies have been developed for the scheduling of these tasks. Up to now, a systematic literature review (SLR) has not been presented to discover and evaluate the task scheduling approaches in the cloud computing environment. To overcome, this paper presents an SLR‐based analysis on the task scheduling approaches that classify into (a) single cloud environments that evaluate cost‐aware, energy‐aware, multi‐objective, and QoS‐aware approaches in task scheduling; (b) multicloud environment that evaluates cost‐aware, multi‐objective, and QoS‐aware task scheduling; and (c) mobile cloud environment that is energy‐aware and QoS‐aware task scheduling. The analytical discussions are provided to show the advantages and limitations of the existing approaches.     

Self-Configuring Applications for Heterogeneous Systems: Program Composition and Optimization Using Cognitive Techniques

This paper describes several challenges facing programmers of future edge computing systems, the diverse many-core devices that will soon exemplify commodity mainstream systems. To call attention to programming challenges ahead, this paper focuses on the most complex of such architectures: integrated, power-conserving systems, inherently parallel and heterogeneous, with distributed address spaces. When programming such complex systems, new concerns arise: computation partitioning across functional units, data movement and synchronization, managing a diversity of programming models for different devices, and reusing existing legacy and library software. We observe that many of these challenges are also faced in programming applications for large-scale heterogeneous distributed computing environments, and current solutions as well as future research directions in distributed computing can be adapted to commodity computing environments. Optimization decisions are inherently complex due to large search spaces of possible solutions and the difficulty of predicting performance on increasingly complex architectures. Cognitive techniques are well suited for managing systems of such complexity, citing recent trends of using cognitive techniques for code mapping and optimization support. Combining these, we describe a fundamentally new programming paradigm for complex heterogeneous systems, where programmers design self-configuring applications and the system automates optimization decisions and manages the allocation of heterogeneous resources.     

XML‐Based Network Management for IP Networks

XML‐based network management, which applies XML technologies to network management, has been proposed as an alternative to existing network management. The use of XML in network management offers many advantages. However, most existing network devices are already embedded with simple network management protocol (SNMP) agents and managed by SNMP managers. For integrated network management, we present the architectures of an XML‐based manager, an XML‐based agent, and an XML/SNMP gateway for legacy SNMP agents. We describe our experience of developing an XML‐based network management system (XNMS), XML‐based agent, and an XML/SNMP gateway. We also verify the effectiveness of our XML‐based agent and XML/SNMP gateway through performance tests. Our experience with developing XNMS and XML‐based agents can be used as a guideline for development of XML‐based management systems that fully take advantage of the strengths of XML technologies.     

Mobile agent based framework for mobile ubiquitous application development

Ubiquitous computing which enabled by the availability of mobile, heterogeneous devices that supply context information, is currently not matured by the lack of programming support for the design and development of context-aware applications. Especially, ubiquitous computing environment is not static which can be compensable dynamically according to need of environment. Mobile agent is a very efficient framework applications can cooperative in heterogeneous environment. Therefore, we have developed a mobile agent based framework that significantly eases the development of mobile, context-aware applications. The framework allows developers to fuse data from disparate sensors, represent application context, and reason efficiently about context, without the need to write complex code. An event based communication paradigm designed specifically for ad-hoc wireless environments is incorporated, which supports loose coupling between sensors, actuators and application components.     

Towards a Ubiquitous Robotic Companion: Design and Implementation of Ubiquitous Robotic Service Framework

In recent years, motivated by the emergence of ubiquitous computing technologies, a new class of networked robots, ubiquitous robots, has been introduced. The Ubiquitous Robotic Companion (URC) is our conceptual vision of ubiquitous service robots that provide users with the services they need, anytime and anywhere in ubiquitous computing environments. To realize the vision of URC, one of the essential requirements for robotic systems is to support ubiquity of services: that is, a robot service must be always available even though there are changes in the service environments. Specifically robotic systems need to be automatically interoperable with sensors and devices in current service environments, rather than statically preprogrammed for them. In this paper, the design and implementation of a semantic‐based ubiquitous robotic space (SemanticURS) is presented. SemanticURS enables automated integration of networked robots into ubiquitous computing environments exploiting Semantic Web Services and AI‐based planning technologies.     

Drone services: issues in drones for location-based services from human-drone interaction to information processing

Recently, drones (or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)) are getting increasing attention and taking mobile computing to a new era. Due to the support of highly advanced technologies, soon they might be ubiquitous and networks of drones might be used in providing civilian drone services. In this paper, we provide a survey of drone services and applications, data management for drones, data services using drones, distributed computing trends fuelled by drones and a range of human-drone interaction research which is useful if drones are to regularly serve non-technical users, while highlighting the specific concerns in data management and airborne Internet-of-Things (IoT) computing infrastructure. We present concepts such as drones-as-a-service and fly-in, fly-out computing infrastructure, and note data management and system design issues that arise in these situations. Issues of Big Data arising from such applications, optimising the configuration of airborne and ground infrastructure to provide the best QoS and QoE, situation-awareness, scalability, reliability, scheduling for efficiency, interaction with users and drones using different methods are noted.     

Intent‐based service management for heterogeneous software‐defined infrastructure domains

One of the main challenges in delivering end‐to‐end service chains across multiple software‐defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) domains is to achieve unified management and orchestration functions. A very critical aspect is the definition of an open, vendor‐agnostic, and interoperable northbound interface (NBI) that should be as abstract as possible and decoupled from domain‐specific data and control plane technologies. In this paper, we propose a reference architecture and an intent‐based NBI for end‐to‐end service management across multiple technological domains. The general approach is tested in a heterogeneous OpenFlow/Internet‐of‐Things (IoT) SDN test bed, where the proposed solution is applied to a rather complex service provisioning scenario spanning three different technological domains: an IoT infrastructure deployment, a cloud‐based data collection, processing, and publishing platform, and a transport domain over a geographic network interconnecting the IoT domain and the data center hosting the cloud services.     

Swarm intelligence‐based anycast routing protocol in ubiquitous networks

As digital devices with communication capability become more pervasive, we are entering the era of ubiquitous computing, as predicted by Mark Weiser. In ubiquitous environments, distributed context management servers are deployed everywhere to provide information and computing resources for users anytime and anywhere. Smart handheld computing devices with context‐aware applications may retrieve context information from the nearest server. This study investigates the problem of routing packets to the nearest server in a ubiquitous environment. An anycast routing protocol based on swarm intelligence, referred to as ARPSI, is proposed to route packets dynamically to a nearby server in a mobile, ad hoc, wireless network. Based on swarm intelligence, ARPSI is able to find a short path to a neighboring server efficiently and quickly. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of ARPSI and our simulation results show that ARPSI achieves a higher packet delivery ratio, shorter routing path to anycast servers, and lower control packet overhead than the AODV‐based anycast protocol (A‐AODV) protocol. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

面向算力网络的IP承载网关键技术及网络部署策略研究

随着云计算、边缘计算和智能终端的快速发展,算力资源呈现出泛在部署趋势,算力网络能够通过灵活的承载网络对泛在异构的算力资源进行调度,有效提升了算力资源利用率。文中结合当前算力网络发展现状,对算力网络的概念定义以及标准体系进行了总结,随后对SDN,SRv6等算力网络关键承载技术进行了阐述,并讨论了其在算力网络中的典型部署策略,最后对算力网络面临的挑战与后续研究方向进行了展望。     

IoTScal‐H : Hybrid monitoring solution based on cloud computing for autonomic middleware‐level scalability management within IoT systems and different SLA traffic requirements

Wireless sensor network (WSN) technologies have enabled ubiquitous sensing to intersect many areas of modern day living. The creation of these devices offers the ability to get, gather, exchange, and consume environmental measurement from the physical world in a communicating‐actuating network, called the Internet of Things (IoT). As the number of physical world objects from heterogeneous network environments grows, the data produced by these objects raise uncontrollably, bringing a delicate challenge into scalability management in the IoT networks. Cloud computing is a much more mature technology, offering unlimited virtual capabilities in terms of storage capacity and processing power. Ostensibly, it seems that cloud computing and IoT are evolving independently on their own paths, but in reality, the integration of clouds with IoT will lead to deal with the inability to scale automatically depending on the overload caused by the drastic growth of the number of connected devices and/or by the huge amount of exchanged data in the IoT networks. In this paper, our objective is to promote the scalability management, using hybrid mechanism that will combine traffic‐oriented mechanism and resources‐oriented mechanism, with adaption actions. By the use of autonomic middleware within IoT systems, we seek to improve the monitoring components's architectural design, based on cloud computing‐oriented scalability solution. The intention is to maximize the number of satisfied requests, while maintaining at an acceptable QoS level of the system performances (RTT of the system, RAM, and CPU of the middleware). In order to evaluate our solution performance, we have performed different scenarios testbed experiments. Generally, our proposed results are better than those mentioned as reference.     

Network computing: a tutorial review

Network computing is generally considered to be an unsuccessful initiative. It is strongly associated in the minds of many with the overhyped network computer that failed to capture a significant market share from PCs. However, network computing and network computers are not synonymous. In fact, one of the major benefits of network computing is the ability to tailor applications to the capabilities of heterogeneous client devices. Given the very fast growing mobile computing market, with its numerous and diverse terminal types, network computing could at last realise its full potential. This tutorial paper provides an overview of computing from the early mainframes to today's multiplicity of computing devices. The advantages of network computing are discussed and an overview is provided of some of the underpinning technologies. To provide an insight into the potential of network computing, two applications are described. Some overall conclusions are also given     

异构BSP模型及其通信协议

异构并行计算由于其较高性能价格比而在高性能科学计算和通用应用领域受到广泛研究.但由于异构并行程序设计与性能分析仍处于经验阶段,开发实用程序较为困难.本文提出异构环境中的HBSP模型,并导出相应的开销预测方法,能有效指导异构并行程序的设计与分析.所设计并实现的HBSP模型的通信协议能运行于所有支持MPICH软件包的计算平台.最后以并行FFT算法为例,给出相应的算法设计和实际测试结果.     

电信管理网中管理信息的语义表征

本文提出了管理信息的语义表征方法,它在电信管理网信息交换中的应用非常适合于多厂家设备环境下的综合网络管理,并且能够快速引入新技术、新业务的网络管理。在此基础上本文提出了一种基于语义表征的信息交换模型。     

Aerial edge computing for 6G

In the 6 th generation mobile communication system(6 G) era, a large number of delay-sensitive and computation-intensive applications impose great pressure on resource-constrained Internet of things(IoT) devices. Aerial edge computing is envisioned as a promising and cost-effective solution, especially in hostile environments without terrestrial infrastructures. Therefore, this paper focuses on integrating aerial edge computing into 6 G for providing ubiquitous computing services for IoT devices...     

PosCFS+: A Self‐Managed File Service in Personal Area Network

Wearable computers consisting of various small devices such as smart phones, digital cameras, MP3 players and specialized I/O devices in personal area networks will play an important role in future ubiquitous computing. In this environment, accessing user data is quite complex due to the dynamic and heterogeneous characteristics of the underlying networks. Moreover, since the amount of user data increases rapidly, automatic data backup management is also critical. To overcome these challenges, several studies have been conducted including our previously proposed file service system, PosCFS, which could be adapted to the requirements with a virtualization technique allowing per‐user global namespace for managing and accessing data stored on physical storage spaces detected in PAN. In this paper, we present a smart file service framework, PosCFS+ which is an improved and extended version of our previous work. Performance improvement is made possible by redesigning the metadata management scheme based on database and keywords rather than ontology. In addition, the automatic data replication management is newly designed based on the OSD protocol.     

存储虚拟化技术及应用趋势分析

随着云计算和大数据技术的发展,现代企业数据存储的管理越来越复杂,存储虚拟化逐渐成为各大IT厂商关注的热点.本文对目前市场上主流的存储虚拟化技术的特点和适用场景进行了分析,列举了每种技术的优点和缺点,以及代表厂商和产品,并根据市场热点关注的特性,对三种主流存储虚拟化技术进行了对比,最后对存储虚拟化技术未来的发展趋势做出了展望.     

An Adaptive Middleware to Overcome Service Discovery Heterogeneity in Mobile Ad Hoc Environments

Ubiquitous computing research has progressed rapidly over the last few years, and real-world applications, especially mobile networking devices, are booming in consumer markets. With rising industry demand and career opportunities, more and more universities are offering graduates ubiquitous computing courses in addition to classical computer science curricula, such as mobile computing and wireless sensor networks. Here, I outline a graduate-level ubiquitous computing course I taught for final-year master's and first-year doctoral students in Finland at Abo Akademi University in 2006. Finland - the home of Nokia, the world's largest mobile phone maker - has more mobile devices per person than any other country, and its students are very interested in ubiquitous computing technologies. The experiences gained and lessons learned are a good source of information and reference for other educators in this field.