新疆混煤制气化水煤浆的成浆性试验研究

为提高新疆混煤成浆质量分数,以红沙泉和黑山混煤为原料,采用传统制浆工艺、分级研磨工艺和间断级配工艺进行成浆试验。结果表明:采用传统制浆工艺,新疆混煤的成浆质量分数最高为56.39%;采用分级研磨制浆工艺,在粗细粉质量比为85∶15的条件下,新疆混煤的成浆质量分数最高为59.26%;采用间断级配制浆工艺,在粗细粉质量比为70∶30的条件下,新疆混煤的成浆质量分数最高为61.38%,比传统工艺和分级研磨工艺分别提高4.99和2.12个百分点,质量分数达到设计要求,所制煤浆的流动性和稳定性均较好。     

对粘胶长丝淋洗工艺的讨论

丝饼淋洗工艺因具有工艺管理简单、设备造价低且易维修、对丝饼外形要求不高等优点,目前仍被国内粘胶长丝厂普遍采用。但也因其处理丝饼时间较长、丝饼均一性较差、特别是能耗高,而制约了其进一步发展。因此,在现有条件下进一步探讨优化丝饼淋洗工艺,对提高产品质量、降低能耗仍具有重要意义。     

一种阿德福韦的制备方法

本实验通过对阿德福韦制备原理的研究,对工艺条件进行优化,找到了在能够满足现有安全、环保要求形式下更为适合工业化生产的合成路线,反应的总收率平均为47.7%。     

红庆河选煤厂末煤系统工艺改造的研究

红庆河选煤厂因矿井原煤煤质波动大,导致洗混煤产品热值波动大、销售难、价格低,为此,拟对现有末煤分选工艺进行改造,推荐的新工艺为:小于13 mm末原煤进行6mm脱粉,小于6 mm的末煤不分选;分析表明,改造实施后洗混煤产品发热量能够满足市场需求,企业经济效益明显提高。     

高酸值废弃油脂甘油酯化脱酸研究

无催化条件下,开展甘油对高酸值废弃油脂酯化脱酸研究,优化酯化反应最佳工艺参数;并对酯化脱酸后油脂经酯交换制备的生物柴油产品质量进行指标检测。研究表明,甘油无催化酯化脱酸的最佳工艺条件:甘油添加量为150%、反应温度为220℃、反应时间8 h、真空度为0.03 MPa,可将酸化油的酸值降至2.1 mg KOH/g,满足酯交换制备生物柴油原料酸值的要求;制备生物柴油产品质量指标符合国家现行生物柴油标准,为产业化、连续化和规模化的生产应用提供理论依据和参数指导。     

高酸值废弃油脂甘油酯化脱酸研究

无催化条件下,开展甘油对高酸值废弃油脂酯化脱酸研究,优化酯化反应最佳工艺参数;并对酯化脱酸后油脂经酯交换制备的生物柴油产品质量进行指标检测。研究表明,甘油无催化酯化脱酸的最佳工艺条件:甘油添加量为150%、反应温度为220℃、反应时间8 h、真空度为0.03 MPa,可将酸化油的酸值降至2.1 mg KOH/g,满足酯交换制备生物柴油原料酸值的要求;制备生物柴油产品质量指标符合国家现行生物柴油标准,为产业化、连续化和规模化的生产应用提供理论依据和参数指导。     

水洗颗粒烟胶混合橡胶的干燥工艺条件优化

对新开发的水洗颗粒烟胶混合橡胶的干燥工艺条件进行优化,对干燥温度和干燥时间两大主要工艺条件进行变量分析,确定了优化的干燥工艺条件:高温段温度为126℃、低温段温度为116℃、步进干燥时间为150 s。在此优化干燥工艺条件下,水洗颗粒烟胶混合橡胶的塑性初值、塑性保持率均达到较高的水平且稳定性较好,门尼粘度[ML(1+4)100℃]稳定在75～80之间,同时胶块干燥较彻底、不发粘,胶块内部没有水汽聚集和局部发白现象,产品质量和生产效率最佳。     

山西出台《山西省化工园区认定管理办法(试行)》

2022年1月19日,山西省出台《山西省化工园区认定管理办法(试行)》,认定化工园区应同时满足多个条件。认定化工园区应同时满足多个条件,包括:设置专业化管理机构,具备安全生产、环境保护、应急救援等方面有效管控能力,并按要求落实到位。     

SBR工艺处理化工园区废水情况分析

通过分析近三年出入水COD和p H,评估了SBR工艺处理化工园区废水情况。结果表明,SBR工艺处理后污水COD去除率在70%~80%,且出水的可生化性较低,出水p H基本稳定在7.5左右,各项水质指标较好,但现有SBR工艺不能很好去除废水中氨氮,需要进一步改进工艺。     

菲汀生产肌醇工艺探讨

介绍了菲汀生产肌醇的工艺流程及工艺，通过对水解工序压力的提高和后处理过程条件的优化等，使主率由８％提高到１２．４％，且产品质量稳定。     

Molecular components of coal and coal structure

A high-volatile bituminous coal was extracted at room temperature by various organic solvents. The yields of the extracts ranged from 4.5 wt% daf (ethanol/benzene extract) to 38 wt% daf (pyridine/ethylenediamine extract). The extracts were analysed by Fl mass spectrometry; the volatile part (75–80 wt%) was composed of substances of molecular weight in the range 70–800 amu, but the compounds in the 200–600 amu range predominated. Over 300 compounds were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry. The results indicate that compounds < 800 amu constitute at least 30 wt% daf of the analysed coal.     

Electrical conductivity of coal and coal char

The electrical conductivity of coal, at either 1 kHz or d.c., was measured at 24 °C on samples recovered from pyrolysis experiments aimed at modelling conditions during in situ gasification of coal. From an initial value of 10⁻³ S/m (when the coal is saturated with formation water), the conductivity decreases to 10⁻⁸ S/m when the coal is heated to 110 °C in vacuum. This low value, presumably due to dehydration of the coal, prevails for samples heated as high as 500 °C in dry argon. Samples of char recovered after pyrolysis to 800 °C or more have a conductivity of 10² S/m. Capitalizing on the large contrast between the conductivities of coal and char produced during gasification, electrical probing may be a sensitive tool for monitoring ‘burn-front’ progress during in situ coal gasification.     

澳大利亚煤代替西曲焦煤的配煤炼焦研究

对澳大利亚煤和国内6种单种煤进行煤质分析和配煤炼焦实验,分析澳大利亚煤代替西曲煤进行炼焦的可行性。结果表明澳大利亚煤具有低灰低硫、高挥发分等特点,在炼焦中用澳大利亚煤替代西曲焦煤可降低焦炭的灰分和硫分,增大焦炭的各向异性指数,改善焦炭强度。     

Industrial coking of coal batch without bituminous coal

For many years, Kuznetsk-coal batch has always included bituminous coal. Depending on the content of such coal, the batch may be characterized as lean, moderately clinkering, or bituminous. This classification was adopted by specialists of the Eastern Coal-Chemistry Institute (ECCI) in experimental coking at Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Works in 1945 [1]. Lean batch contained 10% Osinovsk bituminous coal (plastic-layer thickness y = 13 mm); moderately coking coal contained 25% bituminous coal (y = 16 mm); and bituminous batch contained 40% of such coal (y = 20 mm).     

黏结煤与不黏煤共热解特性研究

为了利用内构件反应器热解技术实现黏结性煤的高值化利用,采用TG-MS和固定床反应器研究了黏结的山西兴县煤(简称XX煤)与不黏的先锋褐煤(简称XF煤)共热解时的破黏和热解特性。TG-MS实验结果表明,XX煤与XF煤配制的混合煤比XX煤黏性小,且XF煤促进了XX煤热解,混合煤热解行为是两种煤共同作用的结果。固定床热解实验表明,煤粒径越小,降黏越显著;XX煤和XF煤的比例(XX:XF)越小,降黏越显著,XX:XF小于5:5时,可消除结焦团块;XX:XF越小,半焦产率越低,焦油和煤气产率越高;随XX:XF减小,焦油中<170℃和230~300℃的馏分含量先升后降,XX:XF=6:4~3:7时最高,170~210℃、210~230℃和300~360℃的馏分逐渐增加,>360℃的馏分含量不断降低;随XX:XF的减小,H2含量先升高后降低,在XX:XF=3:7时最高;CO含量呈略微升高趋势;CO2含量先逐步升高,在XX:XF=6:4达到最高,然后从XX:XF=5:5开始降低,在XX:XF=3:7达到最低,然后又开始升高;CH4及C2~C3组分含量呈下降趋势,而H2+CO+CH4 (煤气中有效组分之和)的含量先下降再升高接着再降低,在XX:XF=6:4时最低,XX:XF=3:7时最高。XX:XF越小,虽半焦的C/N和C/H不断减少,但C元素含量增幅和N, H元素含量减幅增大;比表面积越大,内孔结构越多越大,起燃温度越低,燃烧越彻底。     

关于混煤的配煤探讨

针对生产用煤多为复杂混煤的不利情况,在常规分析数据的基础上利用岩相分析手段指导配煤,有效稳定了焦炭质量,明显改善了焦炭的热态性能。     

高硫焦煤在配煤中的应用

通过研究高硫焦煤的理化性质,在配合煤中配入一定比例的廉价高硫焦煤,焦炭质量得到改善,主焦煤的使用比例减少,入炉煤成本大幅降低.     

Coking properties of coal pitch in coal batch

The coking properties of coal pitch depend significantly on its fractional composition, which determines the set of structural components involved in meso-phase formation. The optimal combination of high-molecular aromatic compounds, polycyclic compounds of intermediate molecular mass, and hydrogen-donor hydroaromatic components corresponds to a ratio of pitch fractions α: β: γ = 1: 2: 2. This is typical of coal pitch with a softening temperature of 75–85°C. Such pitch is the best clinkering additive to coking batch, resulting in the production of coke of maximum strength.     

煤岩学在炼焦配煤中的应用进展及优化配煤技术

科学合理的配煤技术对于焦化企业高质量发展至关重要,炼焦配煤技术的核心在于对原料煤煤质特性的深入认知。影响炼焦煤性质的主要因素包括变质程度、煤岩组成及第三成因因素,故煤岩学对炼焦配煤技术的研究与应用至关重要。本文论述了经验配煤、煤岩配煤及人工智能配煤3种炼焦配煤技术发展历程和现状,凝练了炼焦配煤技术的发展趋势。结合研究实际,重点梳理了煤岩学指标在炼焦配煤中的应用现状。在注重煤岩特征的同时,也需兼顾工艺指标等相关参数对炼焦煤优劣的表征。在实际应用中,各项指标参数的选择和利用需要综合考虑参数适配范围并尊重该指标与炼焦煤特性的真实对应关系。基于以上内容,提出了关联成煤时代、产地等地质因素和黏结指数、胶质层指数等工艺指标的整体思路,实现焦炭性能与原料煤特性的科学、深入关联,构建“本源-过程-结果”一体的优化配煤技术新体系。     

Catalytic activity of coal minerals in hydrogasification of coal

Hydrogasification of six bituminous coals was studied in a fixed-ped flow reactor at pressures up to 2 MPa and temperatures from 790 to 960 °C. Ranges of distinct methane formation are found with all coals between 500 and 600 °C, 750 to 800 °C and >850 °C. The reactions in the first two ranges are determined by the molecular structure of coal and are not affected by catalytic activities of constituents of coal minerals. In the third range, >850 °C, iron as a constituent of mineral matter of coal can accelerate methane formation significantly if the pressure is sufficiently high. Thermodynamic calculations indicate, and were verified by thermogravimetric studies, that iron disulphides in original coals can be desulphurized during gasification. Alkali and alkali earth oxides and carbonates can act as sulphur scavengers via an exchange reaction and thus accelerate the desulphurization of iron sulphides.