COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING

Even though the first publication in the area of fuzzy set theory (FST)—one of the ingredients of computational intelligence (CI)—appeared in 1965, the development of this theory for almost 20 years remained in the academic realm. Almost all basic concepts, theories, and methods were, however, developed during this period. Fuzzy control opened the gate to real applications for FST. Particularly in Japan, the applications of the fuzzy control principle in consumer goods made FST known in the public and made it commercially interesting for industry. This led to two developments: because the development of fuzzy applicational systems had to be efficient, fuzzy CASE tools and expert system shells were developed, making FST into fuzzy technology. The success in Japan could draw the attention of the media and started—first in Germany—the “fuzzy booms,” which led to an unprecedented growth in publications, university teaching, and other industrial applications in many countries. Around 1993, FST, neural nets, and evolutionary computing joined forces and were soon considered to be one area called soft computing, or CI. Applications in engineering as well as in management became very numerous. One of the areas in which CI is increasingly applied is environmental engineering, planning or science. The character of CI—particularly of FST—is described and real and potential applications of CI in this area are discussed.     

计算视觉及其正则化方法

以视觉信息处理的理论研究为中心课题的计算视觉,是当今世界视觉研究的主流.它不仅在生物智能中为我们全面地理解视觉创造了条件,而且在人工智能中为我们开发自动图象分析系统奠定了基础.本文扼要地论述了 Marr 的视觉理论和 Poggio 的视觉正则化方法,目的是要说明计算方法是研究人和机器的视觉信息处理的一个自然方法.     

钻井工程智能化软件系统设计

本文着重描述了钻井工程智能化软件系统设计的基本结构、功能设计和系统设计。本系统以数据库管理、计算机仿真、人工智能和专家系统新技术为主要工具，通过仿真试验预测并及时发现钻井过程中可能出现的事故，通过专家系统诊断和处理钻井过程中出现的复杂情况或事故，最终达到节约钻井成本、保证钻井安全的目的。     

TOWARD A SYNERGY BETWEEN SIMULATION AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT FOR BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE

The adoption of simulation as a powerful enabling method for knowledge management is hampered by the relatively high cost of model construction and maintenance. A two-step procedure, based on a divide and conquer strategy, is proposed in this paper. First, a simulation program is partitioned based on a reinterpretation of the model-view-controller architecture. Individual parts are then connected, in terms of abstraction, to guard against possible changes that resulted from shifting user requirements. We explore the applicability of these design principles through a detailed discussion of an industry case study. The knowledge-based perspective guides the design of architecture to accommodate the need of emulation without compromising the integrity of the simulation program. The synergy between simulation and a knowledge management perspective, as shown in the case study, has the potential to achieve the objectives of rapid development of models, with low maintenance cost. This could, in turn, facilitate an extension of the use of simulation in the knowledge management domain.     

商业智能在电力公司决策支持系统的研究与应用

基于最新的SAS AppDev Studio 3.0提供的新功能与新特性的基础上,提出了一种使开发人员基于SAS9.1快速开发商业智能应用的模式。加快基于SAS BI平台的Web应用的开发。并使用这些技术设计实现了六安电力公司的决策支持系统。     

Computationally intelligent agents in economics and finance

This paper is an editorial guide for the second special issue on Computational Intelligence in economics and finance, which is a continuation of the special issue of Information Sciences, Vol. 170, No. 1. This second issue appears as a part of the outcome from the 3rd International Workshop on Computational Intelligence in Economics and Finance, which was held in Cary, North Carolina, September 26-30, 2003. This paper offers some main highlights of this event, with a particular emphasis on some of the observed progress made in this research field, and a brief introduction to the papers included in this special issue.     

一种基于市场机制的计算网格资源分配方法

针对计算网格提出了一种基于市场机制的资源分配方法，以一般均衡理论为基础，依靠市场机制，实现计算网格资源的优化分配，首先，描述了基于代理的资源分配框架，它包括3个 层次：资源层、代理层和用户层；接着，给出了计算网络资源分配的市场模型，其中效用函数用于刻画用户对给定资源的满意程度；然后定义了市场模型的均衡状态并证明了均衡状态撮优性，这意味着在均衡状态下资源分配不仅有效而且公平，最后引入了资源代理的迭代算法。     

LEARNING TO LAUGH (AUTOMATICALLY): COMPUTATIONAL MODELS FOR HUMOR RECOGNITION

Humor is one of the most interesting and puzzling aspects of human behavior. Despite the attention it has received in fields such as philosophy, linguistics, and psychology, there have been only few attempts to create computational models for humor recognition or generation. In this article, we bring empirical evidence that computational approaches can be successfully applied to the task of humor recognition. Through experiments performed on very large data sets, we show that automatic classification techniques can be effectively used to distinguish between humorous and non-humorous texts, with significant improvements observed over a priori known baselines.     

财政软件运维解决方案

针对金财工程软件运维工作中的效率低下问题,提出了包括服务台、事件管理、配置管理和知识库管理等内容的省、市、县三级运维解决方案.通过对运维系统主要功能设计和维护流程设计的分析,总结了运维系统在流程规范、知识库积累和IT管理水平提高等方面取得的成效.     

GUEST EDITORIAL: COMPUTATIONAL APPROACHES FOR CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN DECISION MAKING: NEW ADVANCES AND DEVELOPMENTS

Conflict is an omnipresent phenomenon in human society. It spans from individual decision-making trade-offs such as deciding what to do next (sleep, eat, work, play), to complex scenarios including politics and business. The social sciences, psychology, economy, and biology study the nature of conflict, its consequences, and strategies to successfully deal with it. Over the last decades computer science has joined those disciplines and studies conflict from a computational perspective. This special issue presents a selection of the best papers presented at the First Workshop of Conflict Resolution in Decision Making (COREDEMA). The workshop focused on computational approaches that tackle conflict in order to provide new insights and explore potential applications. The workshop was jointly hosted with the 12th International Conference on Practical Applications of Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (PAAMS) in Salamanca, Spain, from June 4 to 6, 2013.     

一种基于群体智能的Web文档聚类算法

将群体智能聚类模型运用于文档聚类，提出了一种基于群体智能的Web文档聚类算法，首先运用向量空间模型表示Web文档信息，采用常规方法如消除无用词和特征词条约简法则得到文本特征集，然后将文档的向量随机分布到一个平面上，运用基于群体智能的聚类方法进行文档聚类，最后从平面上采用递归算法收集聚类结果，为了改善算法的实用性，将原算法与k均值算法结合提出一种混合聚类算法，通过实验比较，结果表明基于群体智能的Web文档聚类算法具有较好的聚类特性，它能将与一个主题相关的Web文档较完全而准确地聚成一类。     

智能系统中获取模糊规则的神经网络方法

智能系统中一类重要的定性知识要用模糊集理论中的模糊语言进行描述。本文在研究模糊定性知识形式描述和自组织竞争神经网络特性的基础上，提出了一种从一组具有数值特性的训练样本集中获取隶属函数和模糊规则的神经网络模型和方法。通过对Ｉｒｉｓ数据集的应用实验表明了该方法能对这一类数据进行有效的描述。     

Forecasting — where computational intelligence meets the stock market

Forecasting is an important activity in finance. Traditionally, forecasting has been done with in-depth knowledge in finance and the market. Advances in computational intelligence have created opportunities that were never there before. Computational finance techniques, machine learning in particular, can dramatically enhance our ability to forecast. They can help us to forecast ahead of our competitors and pick out scarce opportunities. This paper explains some of the opportunities offered by computational intelligence and some of the achievements so far. It also explains the underlying technologies and explores the research horizon.     

COMPUTATIONAL VERB SYSTEMS: VERB SETS

Abstract

A computational verb set (verb set for short) consists of a computational verb and a crisp set or a fuzzy set. Verb sets generalize the other sets from linguistic structure ”BE + statement” to “verb + statement”. Verb sets are strongly connected to computational verbs and their contexts. In this paper, the framework of verb sets and some basic concepts and properties of verb sets are given. An application of verb sets to chaotic cryptanalysis is presented to illustrate how verb sets are constructed in real-life applications.     

现代工业控制与人工智能

本文简要地剖析当前工业控制的发展及所面临的挑战,并对人工智能技术在控制领域中的现状和存在的问题作了概述。作者以傅京荪(Fu)和萨里特斯(Saridis)所提出的智能控制可以看作是人工智能、控制理论和运筹学相结合的观点为基础,结合作者近年来的研究工作实践,重点论述了人工智能技术在系统建模、状态估计、学习和优化控制等领域的应用,并给出丁工业应用和计算机仿真的结果.     

地图及工程图纸的智能矢量化方法

针对常规矢量化几何失真较明显，抗噪声干扰能力弱等不足，本文提出了基于骨架点对划进行跟踪，通过设定规划库进行噪声滤除和形状校正的智能矢量化方法。本方法在矢量化各环节分别采用了动态模板定位骨架点；根据典型噪声和失真的知识，设计准则自动进行噪声滤除和形状校正；利用最大距离法进行矢量化等方法，以克服典型的噪声和干扰。     

Forecasting- where computational intelligence meets the stock market

Forecasting is an important activity in finance. Traditionally, forecasting has been done with in-depth knowledge in finance and the market. Advances in computational intelligence have created opportunities that were never there before. Computational finance techniques, machine learning in particular, can dramatically enhance our ability to forecast. They can help us to forecast ahead of our competitors and pick out scarce opportunities. This paper explains some of the opportunities offered by computational intelligence and some of the achievements so far. It also explains the underlying technologies and explores the research horizon.     

计算反射性ICAI模型

智能计算机辅助教学（ＩＣＡＩ）系统是一个综合多领域知识的复杂的知识系统．理想的ＩＣＡＩ应具有强的自适应性以实现个别化教育的目的．计算反射是指能因果关联地对自身进行处理的一种计算行为．本文从计算反射的基本思想出发，讨论了知识系统中计算反射的基本模型，进而推广到ＩＣＡＩ系统的设计中，提出了将教师实体和学生实体作为“自身”的反射性的ＩＣＡＩ系统的初步模型．各知识实体均由对象层和反射层组成，在不同层次上依赖不同的知识源完成不同性质的任务．     

THE COMPUTATIONAL COMPLEXITY OF THE UNIVERSAL RECOGNITION PROBLEM FOR PARALLEL MULTIPLE CONTEXT-FREE GRAMMARS

A number of grammatical formalisms have been proposed to describe the syntax of natural languages, and the universal recognition problems for some of those classes of grammars have been studied. A universal recognition problem for a class Q of grammars is the one to decide, taking a grammar G ∈ G and a string ui as an input, whether G can generate w or not. In this paper, the computational complexities of the universal recognition problems for parallel multiple context-free grammars, multiple context-free grammars, and their subclasses are discussed.     

商务智能和信息检索技术在高新成果转化信息服务中的应用和实现

以高新技术成果转化信息服务平台为实际背景,介绍商务智能和信息检索技术所起到的作用以及有关的实现方法。