食品中大肠杆菌O157的PCR检测与wzy基因的测序分析

大肠杆菌O157:H7 和O157:H- 是重要食品致病菌。从食品中分离得到一株O157:H7 菌株EC5。将该菌株PCR 扩增wzy 基因全长并克隆测序。结果表明,wzy 基因序列与大肠杆菌O157:H7 标准株EDL933 有100% 同源性。从NCBI GenBank 数据库下载O157 菌株wzy 基因序列,针对保守序列设计引物并扩增O157 菌株和非O157 菌株。PCR 结果表明,wzy 基因特异性强,可作为检测O157 菌株的标志基因。本研究为开发大肠杆菌O157 的分子检测技术提供新的研究思路。     

食品中出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7检验方法的建立

Ｏ157:Ｈ7大肠杆菌是出血性大肠埃希氏菌 (Ｅｎｔｅｒｏ -ｈｅｍｏｒｒｈａｇｉｃ.ｃｏｌｉＥＨＥＣ)的一个常见的血清型。自1982年美国首次发生由Ｏ157:Ｈ7大肠杆菌引起的食物中毒小型爆发以来 ,欧美各国、日本相继有本菌所致疫情爆发的报道。已知Ｏ157:Ｈ7是一种以食物传播为主要传播途径的人畜共患疾病的病原菌 ,生食受污染的食品或饮用水可引发感染 ,有时可导致大规模爆发流行。我国同样存在Ｏ157:Ｈ7引发食物中毒的隐患 ,建立统一的食品中Ｏ157:Ｈ7检验方法迫在眉睫。为此 ,我们参考日本厚生省及ＵＳＤＡ检验方法 ,[2 ,5] 建立了适用于…     

PCR 法检测食品中大肠杆菌O157:H7

对大肠杆菌O157:H7 型菌株的各毒力基因及基因组中的特异序列进行了设计和比对,确定292bp 的检测引物。常规定性PCR 和实时定量PCR 证明该引物特异性强。模拟样品的前增菌实验结果表明本方法可以在原样品活菌浓度约2.0CFU/mL 时通过16h 增菌后检测出来,总的检测时间可以控制在24h 内。本实验建立的PCR 方法可用于食品中大肠杆菌O157:H7 的快速测定。     

多重PCR快速检测两种致泻性大肠杆菌方法的建立

本研究以肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7及肠侵袭性大肠杆菌为目标菌,针对大肠杆菌共同基因uid A、肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7的特异基因O-antigen、肠侵袭性大肠杆菌的特异基因ipa H设计3对引物,建立并优化了检测两种菌的多重PCR检测方法,进行了特异性验证和灵敏度分析,并应用于人工接种新鲜莴苣的检测中。实验结果表明,本研究建立的三重PCR快速检测两种致病菌的检出限为6.3×103CFU/m L,具有较好的灵敏度和特异性。利用所建立的多重PCR方法对人工接种肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7和肠侵袭性大肠杆菌的新鲜莴苣进行检测,检出限为7.8×104CFU/m L。此方法能够对肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7和肠侵袭性大肠杆菌两种食源性致病菌进行快速检测。      

MPCR检测食品中大肠杆菌O157和单核增生李斯特氏菌的研究

根据大肠杆菌O157(Escherichia coli O157,E. coli O157)的志贺样毒素基因slt和“黏附抹平”因子eaeA基因、单核增生李斯特氏菌(Listeria monocytohenes,LM)的编码溶血素O的hlyA基因和毒力基因plcA,分别设计上游和下游的slt、eaeA、hlyA和plcA四对引物,对应扩增片段依次为780、450、708、600bp。通过对单管多重PCR(multiplex PCR,MPCR)扩增的特异性、敏感性分析以及对单管多重PCR扩增条件,如Mg2+浓度、dNTPs浓度和退火温度等的优化,建立快速检测大肠杆菌O157和单增李斯特菌的多重PCR方法,该方法能同时检测到0.50ng的E. coliO157和单增李斯特菌基因组DNA,并且操作简便、快速,具有良好的敏感性和特异性,能够快速实现对食品中多种致病菌的诊断和监控。     

食品中大肠杆菌O157:H7的两种检测方法研究

研究食品中大肠杆菌O157∶H7的两种检测方法,PCR法引物针对特异性粘附毒素基因(eaeA)扩增检测,双抗夹心ELISA采用鸡抗O157∶H7特异性脂多糖(LPS)抗体(IgY)检测,结果显示两种方法对纯培养物的检测灵敏度都在103～104cfu/mL之间,特异性能满足食品检测需求;PCR法的敏感度较ELISA法高,且较省时。经以牛奶为参考的食品模拟样品(37℃增菌14h)验证两种检测方法的最低检出限均为2.5cfu/25mL样品。     

食品中大肠杆菌O157:H7的两种检测方法研究

研究食品中大肠杆菌O157∶H7的两种检测方法,PCR法引物针对特异性粘附毒素基因(eaeA)扩增检测,双抗夹心ELISA采用鸡抗O157∶H7特异性脂多糖(LPS)抗体(IgY)检测,结果显示两种方法对纯培养物的检测灵敏度都在103～104cfu/mL之间,特异性能满足食品检测需求;PCR法的敏感度较ELISA法高,且较省时。经以牛奶为参考的食品模拟样品(37℃增菌14h)验证两种检测方法的最低检出限均为2.5cfu/25mL样品。      

大肠杆菌O157:H7的免疫捕获PCR快速检测

研究用特异性的出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7单克隆抗体包被处理的PCR管,对样品中的病原菌进行特异性免疫富集,以免疫捕获-PCR(Immunocaptured PCR,IC-PCR)管中捕获到的病原菌作为模板进行PCR扩增。结果显示免疫捕获-PCR对病原菌出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7检测灵敏度达到102CFU/mL,比直接PCR和ELISA提高了103倍;特异性验证实验证实,对其他10株食源性致病菌进行检测均无目标条带。该方法将免疫学和分子生物学检测结合起来,灵敏度高,特异性强,检测周期短,检测迅速,是适合检测一线进行快速检测的新方法。     

纺织品中大肠杆菌O157:H7的检测方法

为建立一种灵敏、特异、快速、高效地鉴定纺织品基质中大肠杆菌O157:H7的方法,筛选出大肠杆菌O157:H7特有的rfbE基因保守序列,设计PCR特异性引物和荧光双标记探针,结合免疫磁珠技术,集成创新开发一种目标菌低浓度、不可培养情况下的样品中高效、快速富集分离大肠杆菌O157:H7的技术,建立了一种针对纺织品基质的免疫磁珠富集-实时荧光定量PCR方法,其检测下限可达8 CFU/mL。利用该方法对收集到的30份阳性样品进行鉴定,鉴定结果与传统方法结果100%吻合。结果表明,新建方法稳定性强,实现了纺织品中大肠杆菌O157:H7的快速灵敏鉴定。     

肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7的分子生物学检测及PCR检测

大肠杆菌一些特殊的血清型具有致病性,肠出血性大肠杆菌是大肠杆菌的一个亚型,主要致病菌株为O157:H7,可引起感染性腹泻,因能引起人类的出血性肠炎而得名。本文综述了分子生物学检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7的研究进展。分子生物学检测是利用抗原抗体特异性结合反应检测各种物质的分析方法,主要包括酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)、胶体免疫金层析法以及免疫磁珠分离法(IMS)。PCR技术检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7,主要包括常规PCR检测、多重PCR检测以及实时荧光定量PCR检测。这两种方法灵敏度高、特异性强、操作简便、结果准确等优点,是检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7的常用方法。     

Rapid detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by immunomagnetic separation and real-time PCR

A method combining immunomagnetic separation (IMS) and real-time (5'-nuclease) PCR was developed to detect Escherichia coli O157:H7. Monoclonal antibody specific for the E. coli O157 antigen was added to protein A-coated magnetic particles to create antibody-coated beads. The beads specifically captured E. coli O157:H7 from bacterial suspensions. The cells were eluted from the beads and lysed by heating; the eluate was then assayed by real-time PCR, using primers and probe specifically targeting the eaeA gene of E. coli O157:H7. Approximately 50% of the cells in suspension were captured by the beads and detected by real-time PCR. No cross-reactivity was detected when other strains of E. coli were tested. This method was applied to detect E. coli O157:H7 from ground beef. Both cell capture efficiency and real-time PCR efficiency were reduced by meat-associated inhibitors. However, we were still able to detect up to 8% of E. coli O157:H7 from inoculated ground beef samples. The detection sensitivity varied among ground beef samples. The minimum detection limit was <5x10(2) cells ml(-1) for suspensions of E. coli O157:H7 in buffer and 1.3x10(4) cells g(-1) for E. coli O157:H7 in ground beef. The combination of IMS and real-time PCR results in rapid, specific and quantitative detection of E. coli O157:H7 without the need for an enrichment culture step.     

Development of PCR assays for detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in meat products

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure based on fliC_h7 and rfbE genes was developed for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in raw pork meat and ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products. Two different DNA extraction procedures were evaluated for application on meat products. MasterPure™ DNA Purification kit in combination with immunomagnetic separation was found to be the best method in a meat system. The optimized PCR included an enrichment step in brilliant green bile 2% broth at 37 °C. This method was applied to artificially inoculated meat and RTE meat products with different concentrations of E. coli O157:H7. The results indicate that the PCR assay developed could sensitively and specifically detect E. coli O157:H7 in raw pork meat and RTE meat products in approximately 10 h, including a 6 h enrichment step. Thus, this method could be proposed for screening E. coli O157:H7 in raw pork and RTE meat products.     

Rapid and reliable detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli by real-time multiplex PCR

Escherichia coli O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157 are the predominant Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) serogroups implicated in outbreaks of human foodborne illness worldwide. The increasing prevalence of these pathogens has important public health implications. Beef products have been considered a main source of foodborne human STEC infections. Robust and sensitive methods for the detection and characterization of these pathogens are needed to determine prevalence and incidence of STEC in beef processing facilities and to improve food safety interventions aimed at eliminating STEC from the food supply. This study was conducted to develop Taqman real-time multiplex PCR assays for the screening and rapid detection of the predominant STEC serogroups associated with human illness. Three serogroup-specific assays targeted the O-antigen gene clusters of E. coli O26 (wzy), O103 (wzx), and O145 (wzx) in assay 1, O45 (wzy), O111 (manC), and O121 (wzx) in assay 2, and O157 (rfbE) in assay 3. The uidA gene also was included in the serogroup-specific assays as an E. coli internal amplification control. A fourth assay was developed to target selected virulence genes for Shiga toxin (stx(1) and stx(2)), intimin (eae), and enterohemolysin (ehxA). The specificity of the serogroup and virulence gene assays was assessed by testing 100 and 62 E. coli strains and non-E. coli control strains, respectively. The assays correctly detected the genes in all strains examined, and no cross-reactions were observed, representing 100 % specificity. The detection limits of the assays were 10(3) or 10(4) CFU/ml for pure cultures and artificially contaminated fecal samples, and after a 6-h enrichment period, the detection limit of the assays was 10(0) CFU/ml. These results indicate that the four real-time multiplex PCR assays are robust and effective for the rapid and reliable detection of the seven predominant STEC serogroups of major public health concern and the detection of their virulence genes.     

Development of multiplex PCR assays to identify Escherichia coli pathogenic genes in food

In order to rapidly screen for the virulence factor that produces pathogenic Escherichia coli in food, we have developed multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. The multiplex PCR assays detect 4 pathogenic genes of enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), and enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC). This allows for the generation of specific fragments 150, 179, 218, 401, 465, 584, and 881 bp for VT1, ST, LT, 16S rRNA, inV, VT2, and eaeA genes, respectively. The detection limit of 3 log CFU/mL for eaeA, LT, VT1, VT2, 4 log CFU/mL for inV, 6 log CFU/mL for ST by single PCR, while 5 log CFU/mL for VT1, VT2, 6 log CFU/mL for eaeA, LT, 7 log CFU/mL for ST, inV by multiplex PCR. This optimized detection method of pathogenic E. coli can be used as supportive data to revise the microbiological analytical manuals for the Korean Food Code.     

The prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 and O157:H7 in ground beef and raw meatball by immunomagnetic separation and the detection of virulence genes using multiplex PCR

The present study was conducted to investigate the presence of Escherichia coli O157 and O157:H7 strains and to detect the presence of the stx1, stx2, and eaeA genes in isolates derived from 200 samples (100 samples from fresh ground beef and 100 samples from raw meatball). The samples were purchased from the Samsun Province in Turkey, over a period of 1 year. Enrichment-based immunomagnetic separation and multiplex polymerase chain reaction were applied for these analyses. E. coli O157 was detected in five of the 200 (2.5%) samples tested (one isolated from ground beef and four from meatball samples), whereas E. coli O157: H7 was not detected in any sample. During the analysis, eight strains of E. coli O157 were obtained. The genes stx1, stx2, and eaeA were detected in two E. coli O157 isolates obtained from two meatball samples, whereas only the eaeA and the stx2 genes were detected in four E. coli O157 strains that were isolated from one meatball sample. None of the stx1, stx2, and eaeA was detected in the E. coli O157 isolates obtained from the ground beef and the one meatball samples.     

Simultaneous detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella strains by real-time PCR

A protocol enabling simultaneous detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella strains was devised and evaluated using artificially contaminated fresh produce. Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC)-approved polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection methods for three human pathogens were modified to enable simultaneous and real-time detection with high throughput capability. The method includes a melting-curve analysis of PCR products, which serves as confirmatory test. The modified protocol successfully detected all three pathogens when fresh produce was washed with artificially contaminated water containing E. coli O157:H7 and S. typhimurium down to the predicted level of 1 to 10 cells/ml and L. monocytogenes at 1000 cells/ml. The ability to monitor several pathogens simultaneously will save time and increase our ability to assure food safety.     

Rapid and simultaneous quantification of viable Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. in milk through multiplex real-time PCR

Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. in milk are 2 common pathogens that cause foodborne diseases. An accurate, rapid, specific method has been developed for the simultaneous detection of viable E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. in milk. Two specific genes, namely, fliC from E. coli O157:H7 and invA from Salmonella spp., were selected to design primers and probes. A combined treatment containing sodium deoxycholate (SDO) and propidium monoazide (PMA) was applied to detect viable E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. only. Traditional culture methods and SDO-PMA-multiplex real-time (mRT) PCR assay were applied to determine the number of viable E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. in cell suspensions with different proportions of dead cells. These methods revealed consistent findings regarding the detected viable cells. The detection limit of the SDO-PMA-mRT-PCR assay reached 10² cfu/mL for Salmonella spp. and 10² cfu/mL for E. coli O157:H7 in milk. The detection limit of SDO-PMA-mRT-PCR for E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. in milk was significantly similar even in the presence of 10⁶ cfu/mL of 2 nontarget bacteria. The proposed SDO-PMA-mRT-PCR assay is a potential approach for the accurate and sensitive detection of viable E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. in milk.