万能轧机动态轴向位置控制

介绍了H型钢轧机液压动态轴向调整控制系统的结构、原理及实现方法，重点说明了增压缸的结构及其中位控制过程，保持板/增压缸动态位置基准值确定以及动态轴向位置控制等。     

计算机自动位置控制的应用

本文分析了自动位置控制的工作原理和轧制过程的自动位置控制方式,提出了热工、冶炼过程中位置控制应用的基本思想和方式方法,以及提高自动位置控制精度和可靠性的措施。上述控制思想和方法在实际应用中有效地改善了系统的动态品质,取得了良好的控制效果。     

万能轧机自动位置控制系统

本文介绍鞍山市轧钢厂新建万能轧机自动位置控制系统，在该系统中由于采用了先进的硬件和软件设计技术，实现了快速、准确的位置控制。     

多工位位置控制

本文介绍一种常见的多工位位置控制,并讨论用微型机进行这类控制的工程实现方法。     

阀门电动机电气控制器件安装位置探析

阀门电动机电气控制器件的安装位置设计不可小视。在鞍钢给水厂水泵站中，使用着数量繁多的阀门设备，其控制电动机功率多在3kW以内，较大的也不过10kW，通常为直接启动，工作暂载率很低。在传统设计中，通常将阀门电动机电气控制器件（三相断路器、交流接触器等）的安装位置设计在低压配电室中的低压开关柜内，而将按钮和信号灯等置于阀门机旁操作箱上。[第一段]     

模糊控制在位置自动控制中的应用与研究

位置自动控制在钢铁企业里占有极为重要的地位,它是以传统控制理论为依据,用编码器或直线位移传感器检测出实际位置作为反馈来进行控制。而钢铁企业现场环境又比较恶劣,这些元件在这样的环境下很容易损坏,这就给生产带来很多不便。主要表现在影响生产的顺利进行,增加设备的备件和维修成本,要消耗大量人力去维护、保养和更换。基于这些原因,根据位置自动控制理论,引入了模糊控制,用模糊控制理论取代传统控制理论,用软件代替位置检测装置来实现位置自动控制。通过在现场的实际应用,取得了很好的效果,也获得了很高的经济效益。     

烧结终点位置的模糊控制

运用模糊控制理论研制出烧结终点位置模糊控制模型。提出了前馈－反馈控制方法。反馈控制采用二维参数自校正模糊控制器,前馈控制采用单输入单输出模糊控制器,最终用查表法求出控制参量,用于适时调节烧结机的速度,稳定烧结终点位置,提高烧结矿质量。     

面向六关节机器人的位置域控制

多轴联动下的串联多关节工业机器人在空间轨迹运动时,在时间上保证各关节轴单独具有良好的跟踪性能,而由于机械电气的迟滞效应,并不能完全保证理想的轮廓轨迹,这说明各个伺服轴的运动在几何空间中的同步非常重要。针对运动指令与实际位置之间的迟滞所带来的机器人末端轮廓精度不高的问题,本文结合工业机器人现有的运动学和动力学以及传统的PID控制理论,研究了六关节机器人位置域控制算法。将机器人空间轮廓轨迹的控制,通过采用主?从运动关系实时建立的方法,将时域中的各个伺服关节的同步控制方法,变换到位置域的各个伺服关节的主?从跟随的控制方法,在实现位置域的同步控制的同时,引入基于位置域的PD控制,减少了主?从跟随控制的跟随误差,从而整体提高机器人末端的轮廓运动精度。该方法在Linux CNC(Computerized Numerical Control)数控系统上,以某公司HSR-JR605机器人为对象进行了实验,证明采用位置域控制方法对六关节机器人空间运动轨迹精度的提高有积极作用。      

梅钢酸轧机组活套位置控制

在梅钢酸轧联合机组中,为保证机组正常的生产节奏,共设置了3段活套用以储存带钢,活套的位置控制是否正确将直接影响机组的正常生产。文章主要针对活套的自动位置控制进行分析,为梅钢酸轧活套功能的顺利使用提供依据。     

热连轧位置检测仪表系统及改进

本文介绍了热连轧位置检测仪表（冷检、热检、激光检）的作用、原理,并对实际生产检测中存在的问题进行了合理、有效地改进,取得了良好的效果。     

Head position and spinal position as determinants of perceived emotional state

A sample of 60 first-year psychology students judged the emotional state of 21 drawn figures and completed the Adjective Checklist and a mood questionnaire. The judgments were affected by the interaction between head position and spinal position of the figure. Each figure was associated with a unique pattern of emotions, and the judgments given were not influenced by the subjects' own emotional state.     

Prone position favors motor development of infants

OBJECTIVE: To determine the motor development in infants sleeping in the supine position compared to infants sleeping in the prone position, and to compare the levels of motor development of infants playing only in the supine position and of infants playing in the prone position as well. DESIGN: Prospective blinded comparing study. SETTING: Department of Physical Therapy, Maasziekenhuis, Boxmeer, the Netherlands. METHODS: Various measuring instruments were used in the home environment to determine the levels of motor development at the age of 5 months of 21 healthy infants born at term selected from a group of 160 infants attending the infant welfare clinic. RESULTS: Infants sleeping in the prone position (n = 8) showed a higher motor development than infants sleeping in the supine position (n = 13). Infants playing in the prone and supine position (n = 5) had a higher motor development than infants who played exclusively in the supine position (n = 15). CONCLUSION: Sleeping and playing in the prone position was accompanied by a higher motor development in healthy mature-born infants at the age of 5 months.     

Neurovascular morbidity from the lithotomy position

The lithotomy position is used in pediatric surgery when it is necessary to have simultaneous access to the abdomen and perineum. At the authors' institution, after a prolonged period in the lithotomy position, significant lower limb complications developed in four patients. Two patients with Hirschsprung's disease underwent a redo Duhamel procedure, one had an anorectal leiomyoma excised, and one had an ileoanal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis. Sciatic nerve injury developed in two patients and deep venous thrombosis and bilateral compartment syndrome resulting in myonecrosis developed in one each. There is an association between operations that require prolonged lithotomy position and the development of postoperative neurovascular complications. By placing the child in the lithotomy position only when access to the perineum is required, these significant injuries may be avoided.     

Illusory changes in head position induced by neck muscle vibration can alter the perception of elbow position.

Acuity for elbow joint position sense (JPS) is reduced when head position is modified. Movement of the head is associated with biomechanical changes in the neck and shoulder musculoskeletal system, which may explain changes in elbow JPS. The present study aimed to determine whether elbow JPS is also influenced by illusory changes in head position. Simultaneous vibration of sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and the contralateral splenius was applied to 14 healthy adult human subjects. Muscle vibration or passive head rotation was introduced between presentation and reproduction of a target elbow position. Ten out of 14 subjects reported illusions consistent with lengthening of the vibrated muscles. In these 10 subjects, absolute error for elbow JPS increased with left SCM/right splenius vibration but not with right SCM/left splenius vibration. Absolute error also increased with right rotation, with a trend for increased error with left rotation. These results demonstrated that both actual and illusory changes in head position are associated with diminished acuity for elbow JPS, suggesting that the influence of head position on upper limb JPS depends, at least partially, on perceived head position. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

光电液伺服式带材纠偏与对中控制

本文介绍冶金部自动化研究院开发研制的带材边缘纠偏控制（ＥＰＣ）系统和对中控制（ＣＰＣ）系统的构成、特点，并作简要分析．文中还介绍了该系统在两个钢铁厂的实际应用情况。     

位移传感器在热轧机中的应用

位移传感器对于保证热轧机的轧制精度有重要作用.介绍了位移传感器的原理、控制系统的检测方法以及位移系统在轧机中的应用等.通过改造,位移传感器成功安装在某中试工厂400 mm热轧机上.一段时间的运行表明,位移传感器工作稳定,完全满足带钢轧制的要求.     

铸造黄铜的原位统计分布分析

采用金属原位分析仪实现了对铸造黄铜ZHPb59-1的大面积扫描,利用原位统计分布分析技术分析了合金中添加元素Zn、P、Mn、Al、Si、Fe、Pb、Ti、B的分布状况,以期能为铜合金行业提供一种快速的表面元素分布分析方法。通过原位扫描技术能快速得到各元素的直观分布图、最大偏析度、最大偏析位置和统计偏析度。研究发现,原位分析得到Zn、P、Mn的分布及对组织影响的结果和金相结果有良好的对应;通过二维成分分布图和三维成分分布图可看出Al、Si、Fe的分布较为均匀。由原位统计分布可推测,Pb存在大量的夹杂相,而P弥散在整个合金中;Ti、B作为主要的变质剂,存在明显的偏析。此外,Cu、P夹杂的原位统计结果与扫描电镜和能谱的结果对应良好。     

Postoperative lens position preoperatively determined by Scheimpflug photography

The position of the artificial lens has an important influence on refractive power calculation. We compared the position of the crystalline lens with that of the artificial lens after cataract surgery by means of Scheimpflug photography. A difference in position of approximately 0.8 mm in the anterior direction could be determined.     

Blood loss in total hip arthroplasty. Lateral position combined with preservation of the capsule versus supine position combined with capsulectomy

The intraoperative blood loss of 40 uncomplicated primary total hip arthroplasties was studied in a retrospective, matched pair analysis. Half of them were implanted in the supine position after complete excision of the capsule and the other half in the lateral position with preservation of the capsule. The patients were matched for mono- or bilateral procedure. Only one surgeon carried out the operations using the same operative technique and identical prosthesis in both groups. The intraoperative blood loss associated with the lateral position and preservation of the capsule averaged 830 ml and was significantly lower (P = 0.01) than 1165 ml with the supine position and complete capsulectomy. Thus, the intraoperative blood loss can be significantly reduced in primary total hip arthroplasty by choosing the lateral position and preserving the capsule.