共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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绿色化学已成为人类解决日益严重的环境污染问题的主要方法,绿色化学在皮革工业及皮革化学品的开发中有着非常重要的应用,改变皮革工业严重污染的现状需要绿色化学品,皮革工业的发展和命运依赖于绿色皮革化学品。 相似文献
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一、回顾我国皮革化学品的发展制革工艺技术的发展与皮革化学品的开发有着密切的联系。皮革化学品的发展则与我国化学工业的进展分不开。我国皮革化学品生产在50年代还很薄弱,只能生产硫酸化蓖麻油、揩光浆和皮鞋油。后勤部派出技术人员到捷克学习回来后介绍了生产代替型合成鞣剂、染色助剂等的技术,成都工学院也曾研究了合成鞣剂和脱脂剂,但是国内无原料供应无法生产。由于美化猪革的需要,轻工部皮革所开始自己合成丙烯酸单体研制丙烯酸树脂乳液涂饰剂。60年代初上海皮革化工厂建议生产丙烯酸树脂涂饰剂系列,陆续生产1号、3号合… 相似文献
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蜡是重要的工业原料,广泛应用于食品、医药、日用化学品、皮革等各个领域。本文主要叙述了用国产材料进行硬羔状自乳型皮革用系列乳化蜡研制的原理、方法、产品稳定性考察以及在制革工业中的应用。 相似文献
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马铃薯渣开发利用前景分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了马铃薯渣国内外综合利用的主要途径和相关技术,分析了目前存在的问题及发展趋势。马铃薯渣的应用主要是有效成分的提取和薯渣发酵产品的开发,包括制备膳食纤维、提取果胶,并经发酵制备有机物、蛋白饲料、酶,以及制作可降解化工原料、醋、酱油等。马铃薯渣的前处理、安全性、技术推广等是薯渣加工中存在和需解决的问题。 相似文献
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手性药物在新药中越来越受重视。生物催化具有反应条件温和、高度选择性、产物纯度高等优点。在有机相中,脂肪酶催化消旋体的拆分,为制备单异构体手性药物提供了重要的技术手段。现对利用脂肪酶的对映选择性、区域选择性技术制备手性醇、手性胺药物中间体的研究进展作一综述。 相似文献
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Plant uptake of non ionic organic chemicals 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
Plant uptake of organic chemicals is an important process when considering the risks associated with land contamination, the role of vegetation in the global cycling of persistent organic pollutants, and the potential for industrial discharges to contaminate the food chain. There have been some significant advances in our understanding of the processes of plant uptake of organic chemicals in recent years; most notably there is now a better understanding of the air to plant transfer pathway, which may be significant for a number of industrial chemicals. This review identifies the key processes involved in the plant uptake of organic chemicals including those for which there is currently little information, e.g., plant lipid content and plant metabolism. One of the principal findings is that although a number of predictive models exist using established relationships, these require further validation if they are to be considered sufficiently robust for the purposes of contaminated land risk assessment or for prediction of the global cycling of persistent organic pollutants. Finally, a number of processes are identified which should be the focus of future research. 相似文献
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硬脂酸淀粉酯的酶促合成及其乳化稳定性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
硬脂酸淀粉酯是通过淀粉酯化而得到的乳化剂,它是由淀粉及其衍生物与硬脂酸、硬脂酸甲酯、硬脂酸酰氯或硬脂酸酸酐反应得到的酯化产品.硬脂酸淀粉酯由于疏水性有机碳链的引入,淀粉的疏水性增加,使之具备了亲油和亲水的双亲性质,可广泛应用于日用化学、食品、纺织化工,生物降解材料、医药等工业.目前合成硬脂酸淀粉酯所用方法主要是水媒法、溶剂法、熔融法等.本实验采用脂肪酶LipozymeTL IM为催化剂,马铃薯淀粉与硬脂酸为反应底物、焦磷酸钠为辅助剂,合成硬脂酸淀粉酯.在脂肪酶添加量为淀粉质量10%的条件下,考察了底物比,辅助剂用量,反应时间,反应温度对酯化效果的影响,确定了酶法合成硬脂酸淀粉酯的最佳条件:淀粉6.0g,硬脂酸20.0g,焦磷酸钠1.5g,反应时间42h,反应温度65℃,制得取代度为0.036的淀粉酯产品.所得淀粉酯具有良好的乳化能力. 相似文献
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高健 《皮革制作与环保科技》2022,3(2):10-12
本文首先从离子交换树脂结构和分类、离子交换原理、离子交换树脂应用范围、离子交换树脂回收再利用等方面阐述离子交换树脂水处理工艺,然后从仪器和试剂、离子交换树脂复苏类型、复苏原理及复苏结果等方面阐述离子交换树脂再生复苏工艺,再从仪器和试剂、复合材料制备与测定、吸附量测定、有机染料测定、测定结果分析等方面阐述离子交换树脂活性... 相似文献
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氟碳防水防油剂是造纸化学品的一个重要组成部分,已经广泛应用于造纸工业等领域。该文介绍了氟碳防水防油剂的性质、制备以及在造纸行业中的应用。 相似文献
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Screening of long-range transport potential (LRTP) of organic chemicals in water requires the development of criteria in analogy to the existing LRTP criteria for airborne chemicals. According to the Stockholm Convention, compounds mainly partitioning into air are assumed to be prone to LRTP if they have a half-life in air of more than two days. Using mean flow velocities of European rivers (0.7-1 m/s) and of ocean currents running into the Arctic Ocean (0.28-0.9 m/s), we derived corresponding half-life criteria for freshwater and seawater (10 days and 90 days, respectively). Next, we calculated the characteristic travel distance (CTD) of several thousand chemicals from the Canadian Domestic Substances List (DSL) and all current POPs using the multimedia model ELPOS. This shows that the CTD in water dominates the CTD in air only for chemicals that are characterized by a large half-life in water and a low air-water partition coefficient (about 38% of the nonionic organic substances selected from the DSL). In particular, there are substances that are not classified as persistent compounds in water but exhibit higher CTDs for transport in water than for transport in air. Finally, we evaluated whether the LRTP boundary derived from POP reference chemicals has to be revised if LRTP in water is included and found that this boundary can be applied to all organic chemicals regardless of their transport in air or water. 相似文献