B_4C/6061铝基复合材料疲劳性能及断裂机制

基于轻质、高强和耐磨等诸多优势,铝基碳化硼复合材料已成为集结构/功能一体化的新型材料。本文采用粉末冶金及轧制方法,制备出厚度3.5 mm、碳化硼质量分数为33%的B4C/Al复合材料板材,并对其疲劳性能和断裂机制进行分析。在1×107循环次数下,铝基碳化硼复合材料板材的疲劳强度达到110 MPa。采用SEM对疲劳断口进行观察,结果表明B4C/Al复合材料疲劳断口可清楚的看到裂纹的萌生、扩展和失稳断裂的典型特征,但存在多种形式的疲劳启裂源。疲劳裂纹扩展路径取决于裂纹尖端塑性区的半径和B4C颗粒的间距大小,当增强颗粒的间距小于塑性区半径时,裂纹主要沿着颗粒的连接界面或断裂的碳化硼颗粒扩展,当增强颗粒的间距大于塑性区半径时,有利于裂纹尖端钝化,减缓裂纹的扩展和方向改变。     

TC4ELI钛合金低周疲劳性能研究

研究了具有网篮组织的TC4ELI钛合金材料在不同应变幅值下的低周疲劳性能,给出了TC4ELI钛合金在低周疲劳下的循环应力-应变曲线,拟合出循环应变硬化指数、循环强度系数以及应变-寿命特征系数,并通过光学显微镜进行金相分析,通过扫描电镜进行断口形貌分析。结果表明,TC4ELI钛合金呈现出循环软化的特性;距离疲劳断口1.5 mm处的组织形态与断口处无明显变化,疲劳裂纹以穿晶方式扩展直至断裂;随着应变幅值增大,韧窝变大变深,韧性断裂特征变得更加显著。     

SiC和Si混合颗粒增强铝基复合材料的研究现状

SiC颗粒增强含Si铝基复合材料在制备过程中由于Si颗粒的析出,使其成为SiC和Si混合颗粒增强铝基复合材料。SiC和Si混合颗粒增强铝基复合材料具有比强度和比刚度高、耐磨性和耐疲劳性好、尺寸稳定性强、轻质等性能,广泛应用于航空、航天、电子电器等工业领域。主要介绍了SiC和Si混合颗粒增强铝基复合材料的研究现状及几种制备工艺,分析了其显微组织中存在的缺陷及复合材料性能的影响因素;展望了SiC和Si混合颗粒增强铝基复合材料的应用前景。     

溶解法测定铝基复合材料中碳化硅增强体体积含量

对于金相显微镜下难以区分增强体和基体组织的铝基复合材料而言,国家标准方法GB/T 32496—2016难以准确测量铝基复合材料中的增强体体积含量。实验以HCl(1+1)、HF和H₂O₂为溶解液消解铝基体,再采用砂芯坩埚和滤纸两种方法收集SiC,采用溶解法测定铝基复合材料中SiC增强体体积含量。实验探讨了溶解液对SiC增强体的腐蚀行为。结果表明:依次加入10~20mL HCl(1+1)、3~5mL HF和3~6mL H₂O₂可将Al基体组织溶解完全。精密度试验表明,待测SiC体积含量的相对标准偏差(RSD)均不大于0.1%(n=9),能满足铝基复合材料中SiC体积含量的检测要求。相比砂芯坩埚抽滤法,滤纸法较经济且结果稳定。推荐采用滤纸法进行铝基复合材料中SiC体积含量测试。采用滤纸法分析铝基复合材料样品,测定值与理论值吻合良好。     

16MnR 钢的高应变超低周疲劳性能

从压力容器的实际工况和抗震安全性设计出发,研究了压力容器用钢16MnR 钢的高应变超低周疲劳性能。采用横向应变控制方法,在 MTS809拉扭复合疲劳试验机上测定了试验钢应变疲劳过程中的循环应力响应特征及循环应力与应变的关系等超低周疲劳行为;通过拟合 Basquin 公式和 Coffin-Manson 公式,获得了试验钢的高应变超低周疲劳寿命预测公式。断口扫描发现,超低周疲劳下,多处裂纹萌生于试件表面,然后裂纹共同向内扩展,直到最后快速断裂。     

低热膨胀铝基复合材料的研究进展

综述了低热膨胀铝基复合材料的研究现状, 对高体积分数SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料、锂霞石颗粒增强铝基复合材料、钨酸锆颗粒增强铝基复合材料和准晶颗粒增强铝基复合材料的研究状况进行了详细的阐述.并对低热膨胀铝基复合材料的发展和应用进行了展望.     

颗粒体积分数对高压扭转的SiCp/Al基复合材料拉伸性能影响

基于高压扭转法制备SiCp/Al基复合材料,采用金相显微镜、室温拉伸性能测试实验并结合断口扫描电镜观察,研究颗粒体积分数对SiCp/Al基复合材料的显微组织和拉伸性能的影响.结果表明:SiC颗粒体积分数越大,剪切应变量越小,SiC颗粒分布越不均匀,团聚越严重.试样抗拉强度和屈服强度随SiC颗粒体积分数的增加而增加,但塑性降低.拉伸断口韧窝尺寸大小不一.高压扭转的SiCp/Al基复合材料断裂属于韧性断裂与脆性断裂混合模式,但随着SiC体积分数越小,材料断口的韧窝和撕裂棱越多,韧性断裂特征变得更为显著.     

HRB400 Ⅲ级抗震钢筋的低周疲劳性能

对HRB400 Ⅲ级抗震钢筋的低周疲劳性能进行了研究。采用轴向应变控制方法,在岛津电液伺服疲劳试验机上测定了试验钢低周疲劳过程中的循环应力响应特征及循环应力与应变的关系;通过拟合Basquin公式和Coffin-Manson公式,获得了试验钢的低周疲劳寿命预测公式。断口扫描发现,试验钢裂纹起源于试样表面,通过不断扩展形成微裂纹,再连接成宏观裂纹,最终导致材料断裂。     

10CrNiMo高强钢的低周疲劳特性

采用圆形横截面光滑试样,通过轴向不同应变幅控制的低周疲劳试验,研究了10CrNiMo高强钢的低周疲劳特性,包括循环应力-应变行为、应变-寿命特点、循环应力响应及其力学滞后现象,给出了相应的疲劳参数、循环软硬化特性及应变滞后规律.对裂纹扩展方向及试样疲劳断口的观察表明:裂纹扩展面与轴向力呈现多角度关系,裂纹萌生于试样表面,沿断口周边分布,且具有多源性;疲劳裂纹主要以锐化——钝化机制扩展.     

(WO_3p+ABOw)/Al混杂复合材料制备与力学性能

采用湿成型法成功制备了比重差别大的WO3颗粒(WO3p)和硼酸铝晶须(ABOw)混杂预制块,用挤压铸造法制备混杂铝基复合材料。混杂复合材料中含(原子分数)5%WO3p和20%ABOw,不同大小的WO3p尺寸分别为18和3μm。采用扫描电镜(SEM)和万能拉伸试验机对制备的混杂复合材料试样进行微观组织观察和拉伸性能测试。复合材料组织观察表明,WO3p和ABOw在基体中随机、均匀地分布,在高倍照片中可以观察到大尺寸WO3p存在裂纹,铝液不能渗入到裂纹中。力学性能研究结果表明,尺寸较小的颗粒增强的复合材料具有高的抗拉强度和断裂延伸率;含大尺寸WO3p的混杂复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和断裂延伸率分别为266.8,197.3 MPa和1.16%,含小尺寸WO3p的混杂复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为290.3,180.5 MPa和1.37%。复合材料拉伸断口形貌观察表明,两种不同WO3p尺寸的混杂复合材料断裂机制有所不同,大颗粒增强复合材料中大颗粒发生断裂,裂纹穿过颗粒扩展,晶须与界面脱粘;小颗粒增强复合材料中小颗粒与基体界面脱粘以及晶须与界面脱粘,但晶须脱粘数量明显减少,晶须拔出数量增多。     

熔炼次数对M17返回料合金成分、组织和性能的影响

实验结果表明,M17铸造高温合金(%:0.16C、8.79Cr、5.79A1、4.93Ti、3.29Mo、15.20Co、0.78V、0.015B、0.073Zr、0.002S、0.001P、0.001 1O、0.001 0N)经25 kg真空感应炉返回重熔后,Si含量随重熔次数的增加而略有增加,合金中主要元素和其它杂质元素S、P、H的含量变化不大,而氧、氮略有增加;合金中初生碳化物由新合金中的草书体逐渐向返回合金块状转变,初生碳化物的遗传性堵塞合金凝固时的补缩通道,使返回料合金的疏松倾向增大,高温塑性下降较大。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.