镀镍石墨/甲基乙烯基硅橡胶导电复合材料的制备与性能

研究了硅烷偶联剂的种类、用量以及导电填料的用量对镀镍石墨/甲基乙烯基硅橡胶导电复合材料硫化特性、导电性能和力学性能的影响.探讨了复合材料中导电网络的形成杌理.结果表明,采用含有双键的硅烷偶联剂处理镀镍石墨后,复合材料的硫化时间明显延长,硫化速率减慢;用6质量份乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷对镀镍石墨进行表面处理后,复合材料的导电性能和力学性能均得到提高;随着镀镍石墨用量的增加,复合材料的体积电阻率逐步下降,并且出现逾渗现象;采用偶联剂进行表面处理后的镀镍石墨有利于其在基体中分散形成相对稳定的刚性填料网络,使材料获得较低的体积电阻率.     

膨胀石墨改性氢化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物/聚丙烯弹性体的制备与性能

分别采用膨胀石墨和纳米Fe₃O₄插层膨胀石墨改性氢化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)/聚丙烯(PP)弹性体材料,探讨了膨胀石墨用量及纳米Fe₃O₄插层复合膨胀石墨对弹性体拉伸性能、回弹性和导电性能的影响规律。结果表明,膨胀石墨的加入可有效提高SEBS/PP弹性体的回弹性和导电性能,当膨胀石墨用量为3.5份(质量)时,弹性体的回弹性最佳,表面电阻率最低,但其拉伸强度有所下降。采用纳米Fe₃O₄插层膨胀石墨改性SEBS/PP弹性体可有效改善其拉伸性能,并可进一步降低表面电阻率和体积电阻率。     

导电石墨用量及施工工艺对涂层表面电阻率的影响

根据渗流理论研究了导电石墨用量对涂层表面电阻率和防腐性能的影响，同时探讨了施工工艺、干燥时间以及固化温度对其表面电阻率的影响。     

浇铸尼龙的纳米复合抗静电改性研究

以膨胀石墨所固有的导电性能和蓬松多孔的层状结构为基础,借鉴插层复合方法,通过浇铸尼龙6(MCPA6)与石墨片层之间的纳米复合,提高MCPA6的导电性能,达到抗静电的要求。通过导电性能测试及XRD、OM和SEM分析,研究了浇铸尼龙6/膨胀石墨抗静电复合材料的纳米结构及导电机理。结果表明:当膨胀石墨质量分数为1.0％时,体积电阻率已下降到1.99×10~8Ω·cm,实现了抗静电目标。     

溶剂-非溶剂法制备抗静电硝化棉复合材料及其性能表征

以硝化棉和导电填料为原料,采用溶剂-非溶剂法制备了抗静电硝化棉复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、体积表面电阻测定仪、非接触式静电压测试仪、热分析仪表征了抗静电硝化棉复合材料的微观形貌、抗静电性能及热分解性能。结果表明,导电填料质量分数为0.6%的抗静电硝化棉复合材料内部导电网络分布均匀、完整,体积电阻率和表面电阻率分别为1.02×109Ω·m和4.66×1010Ω,较硝化棉分别降低5个数量级和3个数量级,达到GJB2527-1995弹药防静电要求,且制备过程中静电电位为0.20kV,较硝化棉降低77.8%,显示了良好的抗静电性能;其表观分解热为259.4J/g,较硝化棉提高81.4J/g。     

着色抗静电PVC糊的性能

以聚氯乙烯(PVC)糊为基体树脂,采用导电云母粉为抗静电剂,并添加颜料制备了着色抗静电PVC糊。探索了导电云母粉用量对PVC糊抗静电性能的影响,不同颜料的添加量对PVC糊着色性能的影响,并着重研究了环保型颜料有机红144对PVC糊的着色性能、导电性能、微观分散性、力学性能的影响。结果表明:导电云母粉用量为15.0 phr时,改性PVC糊的抗静电性能较好;当有机红144质量分数为1.2%时,着色抗静电PVC糊的着色性能较优,表面电阻率不随颜料含量变化而变化,力学性能略有降低。     

抗静电半硬质聚氨酯整皮泡沫的研制

采用导电炭黑及十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作为复合抗静电剂 ,制备了抗静电半硬质聚氨酯整皮泡沫 ,研究了导电炭黑及十六烷基三甲基溴化铵在树脂基体中的添加工艺、用量及材料贮存时间对泡沫体积电阻率及表面电阻率的影响。结果表明 :采用球磨机球磨的方式可以将导电炭黑均匀地分散在聚醚组分中 ;在半硬质聚氨酯整皮泡沫的树脂基体中加入复合抗静电剂 ,所制得泡沫的体积电阻率下降为 10 7Ω·m ,表面电阻率下降为 10 10 Ω ,且所制得的泡沫在贮存 2 5a以后仍具有较好的抗静电性能。     

T-ZnOw/TLCP抗静电复合材料的制备与性能研究

以热致液晶高分子(TLCP)为基体,四针状氧化锌晶须(T-ZnOw)为导电填料,用单螺杆挤出机制备抗静电性T-ZnOw/TLCP复合材料,分别探讨了偶联剂对T-ZnOw的影响;T-ZnOw用量对T-ZnOw/TLCP复合材料表面电阻率、热变形温度、力学性能的影响。结果表明,T-ZnOw经过偶联剂改性后,随着其用量的增加,复合材料表面电阻率显著下降,热变形温度、拉伸强度、冲击强度均呈现先增大后减小的趋势。     

永久抗静电PC/ASA材料的制备

将永久型抗静电母粒与聚碳酸酯(PC)、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(ASA)通过双螺杆熔融共混挤出,制备了永久型抗静电PC/ASA材料,进一步考察了永久抗静电剂的用量对永久抗静电型PC/ASA合金的力学性能和抗静电性能的影响,以及永久抗静电剂对PC/ASA合金耐久性和耐水洗性的影响.研究表明:随着永久抗静电剂用量的增加,PC/ASA合金的表面电阻率明显下降,添加11%～19%的抗静电剂可使PC/ASA材料的表面电阻率达到108～1010Ω,而且24个月之后仍保持在同一数量级,具有永久抗静电性能;随着永久抗静电剂用量的增加,PC/ASA合金材料的力学性能稍有下降;添加了永久抗静电剂的PC/ASA合金在水洗100次后,其表面电阻率变化很小.     

镀镍石墨填充导电硅橡胶

北京化工大学的谢丽丽等人研究了硅烷偶联剂种类及用量、镀镍石墨用量对硅橡胶硫化特性、导电性能和力学性能的影响。结果发现,填充经含双键的硅烷偶联剂表面处理的镀镍石墨时,硅橡胶的硫化时间明显延长、硫化速率降低;填充经6份乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷表面处理的镀镍石墨时,硅橡胶的导电性能和力学性能均提高。随着镀镍石墨用量的增加,硅橡胶的体积电阻率逐渐下降,并出现逾渗现象,逾渗值为180～200份;满足硅橡胶导电性能要求的最佳镀镍石墨用量为200份。     

紫外光固化法制备漆酚/石墨复合导电涂料的研究

以漆酚为基体,石墨为导电填料,利用紫外光固化法制备漆酚/石墨复合导电涂料,讨论了涂膜中石墨的含量以及固化方式等对漆膜导电性能的影响,并测试了漆膜的常规物理机械性能。结果表明,在紫外光辐照下,漆酚/石墨混合物涂膜可快速固化。当石墨含量达到25%(wt%)时,漆膜的表面电阻率为442Ω.cm,硬度为6H,附着力2级,冲击强度为45kg.cm。     

聚氨酯/导电炭黑抗静电胶粘剂的制备与性能研究

制备了弹性聚氨酯(PU)/导电炭黑复合抗静电胶粘剂,通过体积电阻率的测定考察了该胶粘剂的导电性能,利用热重分析(TGA)和差示扫描量热(DSC)法研究了该胶粘剂的热性能,并采用湿热老化和温度冲击试验研究了该胶粘剂在加入复合抗氧剂前后的抗老化性能。结果表明:当w(导电炭黑)≥6.2%(相对于胶粘剂而言)时,该胶粘剂开始获得抗静电能力;当w(导电炭黑)≈7.0%(相对于胶粘剂而言)时,该胶粘剂的体积电阻率发生突跃式下降;该胶粘剂的热性能由PU基体所决定,导电炭黑对其热性能的影响不大;加入复合抗氧剂后,该胶粘剂具有良好的抗老化性能。     

以膨胀石墨为填料的防静电涂料的研究

探索了利用膨胀石墨蠕虫作为填料,以聚氨酯清漆作为粘结剂的新型涂料的防静电性能。分析了膨胀石墨蠕虫的膨胀体积、填料含量、涂层厚度与电阻率的关系。实验表明：该种涂料是一种优良的防静电和导电材料,防静电性能优于传统石墨粉掺杂的涂料。     

聚酰亚胺/聚苯胺/炭黑抗静电复合薄膜的制备与表征

采用原位复合的方法制备抗静电聚酰亚胺(PI)复合薄膜,以导电炭黑（CB）和聚苯胺（PANI）作为导电改性剂,研究了不同配比下CB与PANI对复合薄膜电性能的影响,通过扫描电子显微镜观察其形貌,同时对材料的热稳定性和力学性能进行分析。结果表明,混合填料填充的复合薄膜粒子间的分散性优于单独加入CB或PANI体系;当PANI和CB比为1∶2时表面电阻达到抗静电的要求且热稳定性最好。     

耐高温无机防静电胶粘剂的制备及性能研究

以磷酸铝胶粘剂为基体,锑掺杂的二氧化锡(ATO粉)为导电填料,制备无机防静电胶粘剂。研究了ATO粉用量对该胶粘剂的热稳定性、表面电阻率、介电性能和力学性能等影响。结果表明:当温度为200～800℃时,防静电胶粘剂具有良好的热稳定性(其热失重率仅为6%);防静电胶粘剂的表面电阻率主要与介质材料的性能有关,当w(ATO粉)=5%～30%时(相对于磷酸铝胶粘剂而言),表面电阻率在4.2～5.0 MΩ/m2之间;当w(ATO粉)=25%时,防静电胶粘剂的介电性能最优,而力学性能变化不大。     

Development of Conductivity of Acrylic Polymer Using Ionic Liquids Incorporated with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

In this study, we synthesized antistatic and ultraviolet-resistant acrylic films with a combination of ionic liquids and ZnO nanoparticles for the prevention of static electricity and ultraviolet instability. ZnO and two different ionic liquids such as 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium ethyl sulfate and methyl-tri-n-butylammonium methylsulfate were preferred to achieve conductive and ultraviolet-resistant acrylic films. To obtain the highest ultraviolet protection factor and the lowest surface resistivity for the acrylic film, the combined effect of ZnO nanoparticles and the ionic liquids was utilized. The surface resistivity, thermal conductivity and effusivity, thermogravimetric analysis, and ultraviolet resistivity of the films were investigated. Surface morphology of the films and distribution of ZnO were also observed by scanning electron microscopy. The acrylic polymer exhibits higher ultraviolet resistance and lower transmission even in the low content of ZnO nanoparticles as compared with the neat polymer. The film consisting of methyl-tri-n-butylammonium methylsulfate ionic liquid showed the highest electrical conductivity performance even after 150 days. Consequently, ZnO nanoparticles are determined to be influential on ultraviolet-resistant properties, whereas ionic liquids are efficient on electrical conductivity performance of the acrylic polymer.     

Surface resistivity and mechanical properties of rotationally molded polyethylene/graphite composites

Antistatic polymers are required to dissipate static charges safely from component surfaces. Our overall objective has been to develop cost‐effective flame‐retarded and antistatic polyethylene compounds suitable for rotomolding. This communication considers the surface resistivity and mechanical properties of rotationally molded linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE)/graphite composites containing natural Zimbabwean graphite, expandable graphite, or expanded graphite. Dry blending and melt compounding were employed to obtain antistatic composites at the lowest graphite contents. Dry blending was found to be an effective mixing method for rotomolding antistatic LLDPE/graphite composites, thereby eliminating an expensive compounding step. Dry‐blended Zimbabwean graphite composites showed the lowest surface resistivity at all graphite contents, with a surface resistivity of 10⁵ Ω/square at 10 wt% loading. Although rotomolded powders obtained following the melt compounding of Zimbabwean graphite exhibited higher resistivity values, the variability was much lower. Injection molding resulted in surface resistivity values above 10¹⁴ Ω/square for all compositions used. The rotomolded composites exhibited poor mechanical properties, in contrast to injection‐molded composites. The Halpin‐Tsai model showed good fits to the tensile modulus data for injection‐molded Zimbabwean and expandable graphite. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 19:258–270, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Studies on the comprehensive performance of graphite and additives filled high density polyethylene composites

The comprehensive performance of graphite and additives filled high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) composites is studied in this article. Four graphites with different particle diameters are used as conductive fillers in HDPE/graphite. Plasticizer, nucleator, and certain particle diameter graphite are employed to prepare HDPE composite. The behavior of crystallization and the distribution of graphite are also studied by means of SEM. An orthogonal design experiment is taken to optimize the content of the filler. The experimental results indicate that the positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect is related to the particle diameter of graphite. And the bending strength of HDPE/graphite composite with the plasticizer and nucleator is two times less than that of HDPE‐graphite blends. Meanwhile, the high PTC intensity (the ratio of peak resistivity to room temperature resistivity) is also preserved. An excellent comprehensive performance conductive composite is prepared. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

煤粉对PVC抗静电性能的研究

采用熔融共混法制备了不同配比的PVC／煤粉复合材料;研究了复合材料的抗静电性能,并通过SEM考察了其导电机制。结果发现：平均粒径为34．5μm的煤粉能够均匀地分布于PVC塑料中;当煤粉的质量分数为7％时,表面电阻率达最小值,为1．08×10^7Ω;复合材料内部存在导电通道和隧道导电两种方式。