油酸对铁氧体粉/尼龙6复合材料流动性的影响

采用熔融共混法制备了尼龙6/铁氧体粉/油酸复合材料,测量了其流动性,并对其熔融和结晶行为进行了表征,用扫描电镜观察了其微观形貌。结果表明,油酸的加入,可以明显改善尼龙6的流动性能,同时,使尼龙6结晶温度升高,熔融温度降低,结晶度降低。对油酸作用机理的研究表明,其改善流动性的主要原因是油酸减弱了尼龙6长链分子间的作用力,从而增加高温下分子链的运动能力。尼龙6流动性的改善有助于制备高填充量的尼龙/铁氧体粉复合材料。     

PPS对FEP／PPS复合材料结构与性能的影响

通过混炼工艺制备了聚全氟乙丙烯/聚苯硫醚(FEP/PPs)复合材料;研究了PPS用量对复合材料的微观结构、流动性能和力学性能的影响.结果表明:PPS的加入能显著改善FEP/PPS复合体系的流动性能,但FEP/PPS复合体系的拉伸强度却随PPS用量的增加而逐渐降低.FEP/PPS复合体系流动性改善的机理是弥散分布的PPS液相小颗粒为FEP基体提供了较大的剪切变形空间,而复合材料拉伸强度的降低主要来自于两者界面较差的相容性.     

添加纳米白炭黑对锶铁氧体/PPS复合材料结构和力学性能的影响

采用熔融共混法,以纳米白炭黑为增韧剂改性锶铁氧体/聚苯硫醚(PPS)复合材料,分别通过简支梁摆锤冲击测试仪、万能试验机、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和毛细管流变仪探究了不同添加量的纳米白炭黑对复合材料各项力学性能、熔融/结晶行为和流变行为的影响。结果发现,适量纳米白炭黑的添加可以改变PPS的结晶行为,显著提升复合材料的冲击强度和韧性,但也会导致复合材料的加工流动性下降。     

纳米SiO2对有机硅/聚苯硫醚复合材料相区大小及性能的影响

采用共混挤出的方法制得了力学性能优异的纳米Si02／有机硅／聚苯硫醚（PPS）纳米复合材料。用SEM研究了复合材料中纳米SiO2粒子的加入对有机硅／PPS共混物相区大小的影响。制得的复合材料中硅油为分散相，PPS为连续相，纳米Si02主要分布在硅油相以及硅油与PPS的两相界面处。纳米粒子的引入有利于减小硅油相的相区尺寸，调节两相粘度匹配，促进两相混合，从而达到了提高材料力学性能的目的。     

PPS/PAI/CF复合材料摩擦磨损性能的研究

采用模压成型法制备了聚苯硫醚(PPS)/聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)合金及其碳纤维(CF)改性复合材料。测试分析了该复合材料的力学性能,并通过扫描电镜(SEM)对其摩擦磨损表面形貌进行了观察,探讨了复合材料的摩擦磨损性能;考察了PPS/PAI合金的最优配比及CF含量对PPS/PAI/CF复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:PAI的加入改善了PPS的力学性能,当PPS/PAI质量比为40/60时,PPS/PAI合金的力学性能最优;另外,CF的加入使PPS/PAI/CF填充复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损量大幅度下降,其中,当CF含量为30%时,PPS/PAI/CF填充复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损量较未填充PPS/PAI分别下降了66%和90%。     

聚苯硫醚/碳纳米管复合材料等温结晶性能研究

利用双螺杆挤出机制备了聚苯硫醚(PPS)/多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)复合材料,然后通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了纯PPS以及PPS/MWCNTs复合材料的等温结晶过程,并运用Avrami模型对纯PPS以及PPS/MWCNTs复合材料的等温结晶动力学进行分析。研究结果表明,MWCNTs的加入明显缩短了PPS的半结晶期,提高了结晶速率;Avrami模型能够较好地描述PPS及PPS/MWCNTs复合材料的等温结晶动力学。     

聚苯硫醚树脂的反应挤出扩链研究

为了提高聚苯硫醚(PPS)树脂的摩尔质量,从PPS分子端基结构出发,提出了对树脂进行扩链的研究思路。考察了扩链剂环氧树脂(EP)和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)的扩链效果及对PPS树脂基础性能的影响规律。研究发现,EP的加入能显著地降低PPS的熔体质量流动速率,提高扩链PPS的拉伸强度和冲击强度。EP扩链PPS的拉伸强度提高了近20 MPa,冲击强度提高了1倍以上。MDI的加入也可使PPS发生扩链反应,使得PPS的熔体质量流动速率降低及冲击强度增加,但MDI扩链PPS的拉伸和弯曲性能并没有明显提升。相比MDI,EP是PPS的优选扩链剂。     

聚苯硫醚/纳米Si3N4复合材料的制备及性能研究

表面改性处理的纳米Si3N4粉体与聚苯硫醚（PPS）熔融共混挤出制成PPS/纳米Si3N4复合材料,通过拉伸、冲击实验及动态力学性能测试考察了纳米粉体加入量对复合体系各项性能的影响。结果表明,纳米Si3N4填充PPS基复合材料的力学性能明显优于纯PPS。随粉体添加量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度增大,当添加量为0.8 %时,拉伸强度提高了22 %。随粉体添加量的增加,复合体系冲击强度增大,当粉体添加量为1.2 %时,冲击强度和缺口冲击强度出现最大值,分别比纯PPS增加了33 %和41 %。动态力学性能测试表明,随粉体添加量的增加,PPS分子链段松弛所需能量增加,松弛过程增长,体系储能模量降低,损耗模量增加。     

聚苯硫醚复合材料的研究和应用

对聚苯硫醚(PPS)共混是材料获得更优性能和特殊新功能便捷有效的办法。本文概述了国内外聚苯硫醚复合材料研究的最新进展,对PPS/无机物和PPS/聚合物两大类共混体系的结构和性能进行了全面的介绍。     

玄武岩纤维增强聚苯硫醚的性能研究

采用熔融共混的方法制备了玄武岩纤维(BF)增强聚苯硫醚(PPS)复合材料。考察了BF用量对PPS/BF复合材料力学性能、热性能和结晶性能的影响,以及硅烷偶联剂和填料种类对PPS/BF复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度、负荷变形温度和分解温度均随BF用量的增加而提高;硅烷偶联剂KH560的加入可以改善复合材料的力学性能。在PPS/BF体系中添加玻璃纤维可以进一步提高材料的力学强度;在PPS/BF体系中添加甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-GMA)可以提高复合材料的无缺口冲击强度。通过差示扫描量热(DSC)测试发现,BF具有异相成核作用,可以促进树脂结晶并提高结晶速率。     

PPS/CaCO3复合材料的结晶行为及动态力学研究

采用DSC、DMA等测试手段研究了PPS/CaCO_3复合材料的结晶行为和动态力学性能。通过对冷结晶峰值温度T_(?)、半结晶时间t_(1/2)、结晶焓△H_c等参数的分析,结果表明:CaCO_3的添加阻碍了PPS分子链的运动,导致了体系结晶速率减小,结晶能力下降,且阻碍作用在CaCO_3含量为3%时最为明显。同时,通过DMA测试,表明CaCO_3的添加使PPS的储能模量和损耗模量都有所增加,其中损耗模量也在CaCO_3含量为3%时达到最大。     

Mechanical properties and microstructure of HDPE/AL(OH)3/silicone oil composite

The effect of surface modification on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the composites of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), silicone oil, and aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH)₃] was investigated. The dispersion of silicone oil in the HDPE composites was studied by scanning electric microscope (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In the HDPE/Al(OH)₃/silicone oil composites, two types of dispersion structure of silicone oil were observed resulting from different surface modifications. In the composites surface modified with titanate NDZ‐130, calcium stearate, or oleic acid, silicone oil encapsulates around Al(OH)₃ particles, and both the notched impact strength and the elongation at break are very high. However, in the composites surface modified with silane KH‐550 or silane‐g‐HDPE, silicone oil and Al(OH)₃ particles separately disperse in HDPE, and both the notched impact strength and the elongation at break are very low. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 1896–1903, 2002     

高温凝胶渗透色谱法在聚苯硫醚树脂测试中的应用

通过高温凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)，采用普适校准法对线性聚苯硫醚树脂(PPS)的摩尔质量、多分散系数以及摩尔质量分布进行测定。结果表明，此法不仅数据准确、可靠、重现性好；而且根据绘出的图谱可以直观地观察到各个摩尔质量段的含量和摩尔质量的情况，这对研究树脂的机械性能、流动性和成型加工性等有着极其重要的意义。     

Phase Behavior of Glycerol Trioleate‐Based Ionic Liquid Microemulsions

Glycerol trioleate‐based ionic liquid microemulsions are promising biolubricant alternatives. This study presents the formation and the phase behavior of glycerol trioleate‐based ionic liquid microemulsions. Areas of the single‐phase domain were calculated to illustrate the phase‐forming capacities of the designed systems. The effects of ionic liquid anions and cations, oxyethylene groups’ number of surfactant, mass ratio of surfactant to co‐surfactant, chain length of co‐surfactant, and temperature on the phase behavior and phase‐forming capacities of glycerol trioleate‐based ionic liquid microemulsions were investigated using pseudo‐ternary phase diagrams. The results showed that the phase‐forming capacities of glycerol trioleate‐based ionic liquid microemulsions with different ionic liquids were Tf₂N^?‐based > PF₆^?‐based > BF₄^?‐based, OMIM⁺‐based > HMIM⁺‐based > BMIM⁺‐based > EMIM⁺‐based. The designed systems contained ionic liquid‐glycerol trioleate amphiphilic balance; thus, glycerol trioleate‐surfactant micelles achieved the maximum solubilization capacity for the ionic liquid when the surfactant had approximately five oxyethylene groups with a surfactant to co‐surfactant mass ratio of 4:1. Moreover, increasing the temperature and the aliphatic chain length of co‐surfactant from C2 to C6 enhanced the ability of glycerol trioleate and ionic liquids to form microemulsions.     

Preparation and characterization of silicone oil modified polyurethane damping materials

A series of polyurethane (PU) composites, which could be used as damping materials, with different contents of hydroxyl silicone oil were successfully prepared in this study. The damping and mechanical properties, thermal stability, and molecular groups of the PU composites were characterized by dynamic mechanical analysis, electronic tensile analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively. The surface morphology was also observed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectroscopy showed that the hydroxyl silicone oil was embedded in the PU. The soft and hard segments of the PU composites appeared thermodynamically incompatible and showed microphase separation, as shown by the SEM pictures. The PU composite with 8% hydroxyl silicone oil was found to possess the best synthetic properties among these composites. The maximum values of tan δ were 0.376, 0.561, and 0.573 at 1, 10, and 20 Hz, respectively. The temperature range for the use of damping materials becomes wider at 1 Hz. Frequencies of 10 and 20 Hz might suitable surroundings for the application of damping materials. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47579.     

石墨烯对聚苯硫醚非等温结晶行为的影响研究

通过熔融共混法制备了聚苯硫醚(PPS)/石墨烯(G)复合材料,采用扫描电子显微镜、差示扫描量热仪研究了PPS/G复合材料的断面形貌及非等温结晶过程,利用莫志深方程、Dobreva方程和Kissinger方程分析了非等温结晶动力学行为。结果表明:石墨烯质量分数低于0.5%时,其在PPS基体中具有较好的分散性;石墨烯起到了异相成核作用,使PPS/G程、Dobreva方程和Kissinger方程则进一步验证了石墨烯的引入促进了PPS/G复合材料的结晶。     

Isothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(phenylene sulfide)/TLCP composites

The isothermal crystallization kinetics, the morphology, and the melting behavior of melt‐processed composites of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) with a thermotropic liquid crystalline copolyester, Vectra A950, (TLCP) were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical microscopy. The crystallization behavior of PPS in PPS/TLCP composites is observed to be highly sensitive to T_c and immiscible TLCP content in the composites. The spherulite growth rate, the overall crystallization rate, and the activation energy of PPS in PPS/TLCP composites are markedly depressed by the presence of TLCP. The analysis of the Avrami kinetic parameters (n and k) indicates that blending of TLCP with PPS causes heterogeneous growth process and nucleation mechanisms. At low T_cs, the PPS crystallization rate is faster than that neat PPS with ≤30 wt% TLCP loading whereas at high T_cs it remains almost unchanged. The analysis of the melting behavior of these composites indicates that the stability of PPS crystals and their reorganization is influenced both by the T_cs and the composite compositions. The sizes and the number of spherulites change a great extent with composite composition with a drop of spherulite rapid growth rate, at constant T_c, with increasing content of TLCP in composites. The analysis based on the Lauritzen‐Hoffmann secondary nucleation theory, using present DSC data, indicates that present data predominantly follow a linear growth trend over a present range of T_cs and PPS crystallization in composites still occurs according to regime II kinetics, whereby multiple surface nuclei form on the substrate with multiple nucleation acts commencing before initially formed growth layer is completed. The fold surface free energy of PPS chains in composites is found higher than that of neat PPS, leading to an average higher work of chain folding and is ascribed to a general development of the PPS chain mobility in the composite melt. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

PPS/PA66/GF复合材料的制备及性能研究

在聚苯硫醚（PPS）树脂基体中引入聚酰胺66（PA66）,随着PA66含量增加,PPS/PA66共混物的拉伸强度和弯曲强度逐渐下降,结合PPS/PA66共混物的相形貌分析,提出了通过玻璃纤维（GF）的引入,制备具有互锁结构的PPS/PA66/GF三元体系复合材料,达到同时提高复合材料的强度、刚度及韧性的目的。分别考察了短玻璃纤维（SGF）和中长玻璃纤维（LGF）增强PPS/PA66的综合性能。结果表明,GF的引入显著提高了共混物的力学性能,同时,PPS/PA66/SGF和PPS/PA66/LGF复合材料的扫描电子显微镜和动态力学性能分析都表明共混物内部形成了一个高度互锁的结构。     

原位热溶剂法制备ZnO纳米晶/PU复合纳米纤维及其吸附性能研究

通过静电纺丝法制备了直径为(320±51)nm的前驱体醋酸锌/聚氨酯(Zn(OAc)2/PU)复合纳米纤维。将前驱体先后经过0.1 mol/L NaOH乙醇溶液和甘油浴热处理,得到ZnO纳米晶/PU复合纳米纤维。讨论了甘油浴温度和时间对纳米纤维结构和形貌的影响,研究了其吸附性能。实验结果表明,经过0.1 mol/L NaOH乙醇溶液处理后,前驱体纤维Zn(OAc)2/PU转变为ZnO/PU纤维且ZnO主要以低结晶和无定型态存在;再经过甘油浴处理后,低结晶和无定型态的ZnO转变为晶型完整的六方晶系纤锌矿结构,得到了ZnO纳米晶/PU复合纳米纤维,该纤维对有机染料分子罗丹明B有良好的吸附性能。