三维编织碳纤维增强尼龙6热机械性能研究

根据碱催化阴离子聚合原理制备了单体浇铸(MC)尼龙6(PA6)、长碳纤维增强尼龙6(PA6／CL)复合材料和三维编织碳纤维增强尼龙6(PA6／C3D)复合材料，分析了工艺影响因素，并通过动态热机械分析仪对材料的热机械性能进行了研究。结果表明，PA6／C3D复合材料比PA6的热强度高4．37倍，而玻璃化转变温度却基本未发生变化，PA6／C3D复合材料的综合性能优于PA6／CL复合材料。     

马来酸酐接枝POE对PA6/OMMT性能的影响

用熔融共混法制备了尼龙6（PA6）／马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯-1共聚物（MAH-g-POE）／有机蒙脱土（OMMT）复合材料，研究了MAH-g-POE用量对PA6／OMMT复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明，随着MAH-g-POE用量增加，复合材料的冲击强度显著提高，而拉伸强度和弯曲强度则呈现下降的趋势。     

(PE/POE)-g-MAH增韧尼龙6的研究

马来酸酐接枝PE／POE(POE为乙烯—辛烯共聚物)对尼龙6(PA6)有显著的增韧效果。对马来酸酐接枝PE／POE的产物进行了红外光谱表征，证实了马来酸酐在PE／POE主链上的接枝。同时研究了(PE／POE)—g—MAH增韧PA6的形态、机械性能及简要的增韧机理。结果表明，PA6与(PE／POE)—g—MAH有很好的相容性，共混体系的缺口冲击强度比纯尼龙6有明显提高，当(PE／POE)—g—MAH用量达到30％时，可获得超韧尼龙。但同时，随着(PE／POE)—g—MAH用量的增加。共混体系的拉伸和扭曲强度有一定程度的下降，其中扭曲强度下降较为明显。     

表面处理对PA6/CF复合材料力学性能与破坏形态的影响

通过碳纤维(CF)表面官能团的酰氯化,利用酰氯作为己内酰胺阴离子聚合的活化剂,成功地制备了表面接枝尼龙6(PA6)的CF。研究了表面己内酰胺稳定化并阴离子接枝PA6的CF对PA6／CF复合材料力争性能与破坏形态的影响。结果表明,表面接枝PA6后的PA6／CF复合材料界面相互匹配,改善了复合材料界面的相互作用,提高了复合材料的剪切强度,复合材料剪切破坏呈部分非界面脱粘破坏。     

三维编织碳纤维尼龙复合材料的研究

根据碱催化阴离子聚合原理，用液态原位聚合方法制备了尼龙／三维编织碳纤维复合材料（PA／C3D），介绍其成型工艺过程，测试并分析了PA／C3D复合材料的力学性能及影响因素。结果表明，PA／C3D复合材料具有比长碳纤维增强尼龙（PA／CL）复合材料高的冲击强度和剪切强度，其弯曲性能低于PA／CL复合材料。碳纤维空气氧化处理后制备的PA／C3D复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量及平面剪切强度均有所提高，但冲击强度下降。     

PP-g-MAH对尼龙6/炭黑复合材料性能和形貌的影响

以炭黑(CB)为导电填料,马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)为增韧剂,通过双螺杆挤出机和注射成型机制备了尼龙(PA)6/PP-g-MAH/CB复合材料,研究了PP-g-MAH含量对7.5%CB填充PA6力学性能、抗静电性能、热稳定性能和形貌的影响。结果表明,添加质量分数20%的PP-g-MAH可提高PA6/CB复合材料的拉伸强度、韧性、抗静电性能和热稳定性。PA6/PP-g-MAH/CB复合材料力学强度和热稳定性的提高源于PP-g-MAH产生的能量耗散以及CB,PP-g-MAH与PA6之间较好的界面粘附和PP-g-MAH均匀细化分散在PA6/CB中。PP-g-MAH改变了CB在共混物中的选择性分布,使PA6/CB的表面电阻率和体积电阻率分别下降5个和3个数量级。     

无机填料对PA6/MCA阻燃复合材料性能的影响

研究了不同种类的无机填料(硅灰石、碳酸钙)对尼龙6(PA6)/三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)阻燃复合材料性能的影响。阻燃性能测试结果表明,PA6/MCA/硅灰石阻燃复合材料为UL94 V–0级,比PA6/MCA阻燃复合材料(V–2级)有显著提高;然而PA6/MCA/碳酸钙阻燃复合材料的极限氧指数却有所下降。扫描电子显微镜测试分析表明,PA6/MCA/硅灰石阻燃复合材料燃烧后的表面炭层呈连续、致密状;PA6/MCA/碳酸钙阻燃复合材料的表面炭层有很多孔洞,且孔洞直径大。傅立叶变换红外光谱测试结果表明,PA6/MCA/硅灰石阻燃复合材料的表面炭层与Si O2能很好地结合,形成致密的保护层,致使其阻燃性能显著提高。另外,力学性能测试结果表明,硅灰石能够提高PA6/MCA阻燃复合材料的拉伸强度,但降低了缺口冲击强度,而碳酸钙的加入却使得PA6/MCA阻燃复合材料的综合力学性能有所下降。     

透明尼龙PA6T/6I在GF增强PA66体系中的应用

采用尼龙66 (PA66)和透明尼龙PA6T/6I为基体树脂,用熔融共混改性的技术方法制备PA66/PA6T/6I/GF复合材料,考察了透明尼龙PA6T/6I含量对复合材料的熔融结晶行为、热变形温度(HDT)、力学性能、表面性能的影响。结果表明,当玻璃纤维含量为30%的情况下,在透明尼龙树脂PA6T/6I用量不高于基体树脂含量的20%时,改性复合材料熔融结晶行为与PA66类似,复合材料制品表面的浮纤问题得到解决,比未添加透明尼龙PA6T/6I的复合材料相等的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别提高27%和40%,简支梁和悬臂梁缺口冲击强度则分别提高了26%和40%,吸水率提高了30%,具有优异的综合性能和尺寸稳定性。     

PA6/SANMAH/GF复合材料的制备及其性能研究

采用双螺杆挤出机通过熔融共混制备了尼龙6／（苯乙烯／丙烯腈／顺丁烯二酸酐）共聚物／玻璃纤维（PA6／SANMAH／GF）复合材料，测试了材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量、缺口冲击强度、热变形温度、吸水率、熔点和熔融焓，并与GF增强PA6（PA6／GF）复合材料和GF增强PA6／（苯乙烯／丙烯腈）共聚物（PA6／SAN／GF）复合材料进行了性能对比。结果表明，在PA6与SANMAH的质量比为100：3—30时，PA6／SANMAH／GF复合材料的拉伸强度与PA6／GF复合材料相当，但高于PA6／SAN／GF复合材料，弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量高于PA6／GF和PA6／SAN／GF复合材料．缺口冲击强度高于PA6／GF复合材料，但低于PA6／SAN／GF复合材料；在PA6与SANMAH的质量比为100：40时，PA6／SANMAH／GF复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和缺口冲击强度明显降低；在整个试验范围内，PA6／SANMAH／GF复合材料的热变形温度比PA6／GF和PA6／SAN／GF复合材料低4～7℃；吸水率随着SAN-MAH用量的增加而逐渐减小。     

超高分子量聚乙烯改性尼龙6复合材料的力学性能研究

通过挤出方法制备了尼龙6（PA6）／超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）复合材料,考察了复合材料摩擦学性能和力学性能。用光学显微镜观察分析了复合材料磨损表面形貌。结果表明：复合材料摩擦性能较纯尼龙有一定的提高,当UHMWPE含量为5％和10％时,复合材料耐磨减摩性较好。但随着UHM-WPE含量的增加,复合材料的硬度、拉伸强度、伸长率有所下降。     

四脚状氧化锌晶须增强MC尼龙复合材料的研究

制备了不同质量分数的四脚状氧化锌（T－ZnO)晶须增强浇注（MC）尼龙复合材料，对复合材料的力学性能，吸水率及耐热性进行了研究，并用扫描电镜对复合材料的拉伸断口进行了形态观察。研究表明，添加经KH－550处理的5％质量分数的T－ZnO晶须可提高MC尼龙的拉伸强度达45％，随晶须添加量增加，MC尼龙的吸水率下降，耐热性提高。     

Reinforcement of polymethyl methacrylate with silane-treated zinc oxide nanoparticles: fire retardancy,electrical and mechanical properties

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/zinc oxide (ZnO) composites were prepared using melt mixing process. A nano ZnO-treated with aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTS) was used as reinforcing particles. PMMA composites were obtained with different ZnO loadings of 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 parts by weight. This research was focused on determination of the influence of different loadings of silane-treated ZnO particles on the morphology, electrical, mechanical and flammable properties of the PMMA composites. Addition of ZnO to the PMMA composite was observed to enhance the thermal properties and char formation. The results from cone calorimeter showed 21% reduction in the peak heat release rate for the composite loaded with 1.5 wt% of ZnO as compared to that of neat PMMA. The surface resistivity, volume resistivity and EMI shielding properties of the composites as a function of ZnO loading were estimated. The results showed that the surface and volume resistivity of the composites reinforced with ZnO particles decreased and the EMI shielding increased almost linearly with increasing ZnO volume content. However, the tensile strength of the composites showed a slight decrease with increase in ZnO content. The SEM micrographs and AFM images showed dispersion of ZnO particles in the PMMA matrix. The nanoparticles were distributed evenly on the surface. Nevertheless the pockets of agglomerates could be seen at higher ZnO loading level.     

不同粒径氧化锌以及改性纳米氧化锌对多功能PBAT复合膜的影响

采用溶剂铸膜法制备了聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯（PBAT）/聚乳酸（PLA）/对苯二甲酸二辛酯（DOTP）/氧化锌（ZnO）复合膜材料,并通过硬脂酸改性纳米ZnO,探讨了不同粒径ZnO以及改性纳米ZnO对复合薄膜力学性能、热性能、疏水性能、耐抽出性能以及抗菌性能的影响。结果表明,通过硬脂酸代替纳米ZnO表面的羟基极性基团,复合膜的耐抽出性能提高。硬脂酸的长链烷基与高分子链的链纠缠改善了改性纳米ZnO与PBAT的相容性。随着ZnO粒径的减小以及改性纳米ZnO含量的增大,复合薄膜的热性能有所下降,但耐抽出性能提高。拉伸强度提高,最高达到13.8 MPa。复合膜的疏水性能得到改善,接触角最高达到110°,复合膜材料的抑菌区域增大,抗菌性能有所增强。     

Effect of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) compatibilizer on properties of polystyrene/zinc oxide composites

The effects of polystyrene-co-maleic anhydride (SMA) compatibilizer on mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of polystyrene (PS)/zinc oxide (ZnO) composites were investigated for the first time in this study. PS/ZnO composites were prepared using a twin screw extruder and were then molded by compression method. In order to improve adhesion between filler and matrix, SMA compatibilizer is used in the composites. Tensile strength and Young??s modulus were increased with increasing ZnO and SMA at low concentration, but they were decreased with increasing high concentrations of ZnO and SMA content. Thus, mechanical properties can be enhanced in the composites with SMA compatibilizer. Moreover due to the effect of particle size, 250?nm ZnO particles (ZnO250) improved the mechanical properties of PS more than 71?nm ZnO particles (ZnO71) due to the increased aggregation of latter particles. Glass transition temperatures were not significantly changed when both ZnO and SMA were incorporated. Degradation temperatures of the composites increased with the addition of ZnO particles compared with neat PS and slightly decreased with the incorporation of SMA compared with the nascent composite. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed the better dispersion and compatibility of ZnO particles in PS/ZnO composites with the addition of SMA especially at the content of 3?wt%.     

硅烷偶联剂对ZnO/PA6复合材料力学性能的影响

以硅烷偶联剂KH550和KH560为改性剂对ZnO粉体进行表面改性,KH550带有氨基团,KH560带有环氧基团,通过HAAKE双螺杆混合机制备ZnO/PA6复合材料。红外光谱证实改性后两种偶联剂均与ZnO表面发生了化学键和;结果表明经偶联剂改性的氧化锌比未改性的氧化锌能更好的提高PA6的拉伸强度,而且在ZnO的添加量为2%～3%时对PA6力学性能的改善达到一个最佳效果。     

纳米氧化锌改性PA6复合材料的制备及性能研究

利用熔融共混法制得了纳米氧化锌改性PA6复合材料,并研究了其有关性质。结果表明:纳米氧化锌能有效改善PA6的力学性能,其添加量在3%时材料力学性能最佳。结晶及热分析研究表明纳米粒子能有效限制PA6分子链段运动,使其结晶度下降。     

Synthesis and properties of HA/ZnO/CNT nanocomposite

The goal of this study was to examine the tribomechanical properties of hydroxyapatite (HA)/ZnO and HA/ZnO/CNT composite ceramics (carbon nanotubes; with different ratios 0.5?wt%, 1.0?wt%, and 1.5?wt%). The composites were synthesized using the hydrothermal method in an autoclave. The structure and morphology of the composites were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The consolidation process was performed by sintering the compounds at 1150?°C under an argon gas atmosphere. The effects of ZnO and CNT on the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the HA-nanoparticle-based ceramic composites were investigated using a Vickers hardness tester, nanoindentation, and reciprocating wear tester equipment. The nanohardness and elastic modulus of the sintered samples increased and the friction coefficient of the sintered samples decreased as the fraction of CNTs increased compared to the pure HA and HA/ZnO compounds. Furthermore, the wear loss of HA/ZnO/CNT composites decreased with the increase in the CNT content compared to the HA and HA/ZnO samples.     

Effect of surface modification of Kevlar fibre on friction and wear properties of UHMWPE composites

Abstract

The effects of Kevlar fibre additions and, particularly, the surface modification of the Kevlar fibres, on the sliding wear behaviour of the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites were investigated. The results showed that the sliding friction coefficient of the UHMWPE composites increased with the fibre content increase. The wear resistance of the UHMWPE composite was highest when the Kevlar fibre content was ～10 vol.-% and decreased as the applied normal load was increased. It was found that the silane modification of the Kevlar fibres improved the wear resistance and tensile strength of the UHMWPE composites as well.     

Effect of ZnO type and concentration on the mophology,thermal, and mechanical properties of poly(ether ester)/ZnO composites

Poly(ether ester) (PEE) copolymers were synthesized in a two‐stage process involving transesterification and polycondensation. The synthesized copolymer and the zinc oxide (ZnO) were used in composite preparation by melt compounding. The influence of ZnO type and concentration on the morphology, thermal and mechanical properties of the composites were studied. DSC and XRD analyses indicated that crystallinity of composites was slightly reduced with ZnO content. Homogeneous dispersion of fillers in the polymer matrix was observed through morphological analyses. While in general tensile strength and elongation at break values of the composites decreased with increasing ZnO content, elastic modulus values increased with the addition of ZnO. Moreover, ZnO particles were modified with poly(N‐vinyl pyrrolidone) and a slight improvement in mechanical properties was observed, respectively over the composites containing unmodified particles. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

不同材料填充超高摩尔质量聚乙烯复合材料的力学性能分析

对纳米Al2O3、玻纤粉、石墨、微珠粉等材料填充的UHMWPE复合材料进行了拉伸、强度和磨损性能试验。结果表明：不同填料对UHMWPE性能的影响不一样，几种填料填充UHMWPE后，其硬度及耐磨性有不同的改善，而拉伸强度和断裂伸长率有不同程度的下降；其中以质量分数为10％的纳米Al2O3填充UHMWPE综合性能最佳；石墨填充材料的加入会使UHMWPE拉伸强度和断裂伸长率下降较大，脆性增大，但可较好地改善UHMWPE的耐磨性。