液化天然气冷量利用发电方案探讨

本文分析了应用液化天然气（ＬＮＧ）冷量进行发电的可行性，阐述了其冷量利用原理着重介绍了ＬＮＧ冷量发电的典型流程，探讨了其性能影响因素，说明ＬＮＧ冷量具有较大发电潜力，应对其充分合理加以利用。     

液化天然气冷量Yong特性研究

在建立了精确的预测液化天然气密度及汽液两平衡算法的基础上，考虑了真实流体效应影响，推导了液化天然气（ＬＮＧ）低温Ｙｏｎｇ，压力Ｙｏｎｇ及冷量Ｙｏｎｇ分析数学模型，运用上述模型计算了各种Ｙｏｎｇ的大小，并讨论了环境温度，系统压力，混合物组分对ＬＮＧ冷量Ｙｏｎｇ特性的影响，提出应根据实际ＬＮＧ流体的低温Ｙｏｎｇ压力Ｙｏｎｇ大小，综合考虑气体供给压力等因素，通过热力循环优化，确定ＬＮＧ冷量Ｙｏｎｇ动力回     

液化天然气煤气站设计方案及节能途径探讨

液化天然气热值高，污染小，无毒，单位容积贮量大，极适宜用作城市洁净燃料特别是作为调峰气源。本文介绍了以液化天然气（ＬＮＧ）供应城市煤气的典型流程，并着重就降低煤气站蒸发气压缩机、ＬＮＧ泵等主要动力设备的能源消耗及ＬＮＧ冷量利用方式等进行了尽探讨。     

液化天然气冷量火用特性研究

在建立了精确的预测液化天然气密度及汽液相平衡算法的基础上，考虑了真实流体效应影响，推导了液化天然气（ＬＮＧ）低温火用、压力火用及冷量火用分析数学模型，运用上述模型计算了各种火用的大小，并讨论了环境温度、系统压力、混合物组分对ＬＮＧ冷量火用特性的影响，提出应根据实际ＬＮＧ流体的低温火用、压力火用大小，综合考虑气体供给压力等因素，通过热力循环优化，确定ＬＮＧ冷量火用动力回收的利用方案     

引进天然气优化发电能源结构

介绍我国发电能源结构，燃用天然气与煤炭的比较，天然气的储量，运输，安全性，引进ＬＮＧ以改善发电能源以煤为主的结构，以减轻环境污染治理的压力和改进调峰手段，供参考。     

新型边际气田开发技术--浮式液化天然气生产储卸装置

浮式液化天然气生产储卸装置（ＦＰＳＯ）,是一种新型的边际气田开发技术,具有投资低、建造周期短、可重复使用的优点。本文介绍了浮式天然气生产储卸装置的概念,结合国际上最新的设计方案对该装置的液化流程、ＬＮＧ储存系统、卸货系统以及总体布局进行了说明。     

液化天然气汽车的研究和发展

介绍了天然气汽车（ＮＧＶ）的三种储气技术。目前最广泛使用的压缩天然气（ＣＮＧ）技术是在高压（约２０ＭＰａ）下储存天然气,其缺点是一次充气行程短,还存在造价和安全性方面的问题。新兴的吸附天然气（ＡＮＧ）技术是在中等压力（约３．５ＭＰａ）下吸附储存天然气,要进入实用化还有待于解决吸附热问题及开发更高效的吸附剂。液化天然气（ＬＮＧ）在储存容器的尺寸、重量和造价方面都比ＣＮＧ技术更有优势。本文针对我国的情况分析后指出,应重视发展和推广重型车辆的ＬＮＧ技术。     

Mobil，Wing集团将建造中国的LNG，LPG的IPP工程

Ｍｏｂｉｌ，Ｗｉｎｇ集团将建造中国的ＬＮＧ，ＬＰＧ的ＩＰＰ工程美孚（Ｍｏｂｉｌ）石油公司和休斯顿的威尔（Ｗｉｎｇ）集团已形成战略联合，在中国大陆建造独立发电工程（ＩＰＰ）。美孚公司可能购买威尔集团现在和将来在中国的ＬＮＧ（液化天然气）和ＬＰＧ（液化石...     

印尼能源矿产部长在京表示 中国印尼能源合作前途广阔

200 1年 1 2月 ,印度尼西亚能源和矿产部长普尔诺莫访问北京时说 :“印尼方面已向中国政府提交了有关珠江三角洲液化天然气 (ＬＮＧ)项目的标书。我们对中国政府以公开招标的方式选择合作伙伴表示理解 ,也相信中国政府会以公平、透明的方式进行评审。”在回答记者提问时 ,他又说 :“印尼与其竞争对手相比 ,在进军珠江三角洲ＬＮＧ项目方面至少有两个优势 ,一是价格 ,二是供给安全。印尼是世界领先的ＬＮＧ出口国 ,也是目前最大的ＬＮＧ输出国 ,印尼将努力继续保持这一地位。印尼有三个主要ＬＮＧ生产基地 ,年产能力为 480 0万ｔ,完全有能力…     

日本新能源开发利用情况

1　新能源分类1 1　可再生能源太阳光—太阳光发电。太阳热—太阳系统 (强制循环型 )。风力—风力发电 (或风力发电加多目的利用 )。中小水力—中小水力发电 (或者中小水力发电加多目的利用 )、中小水力多目的利用。地热—地热发电 (或地热发电加多目的利用 )地热多目的利用。海洋—波力、潮汐、潮流、温度差。海水、河川水、下水处理水利用—供热和其他。1 2　再循环能源废热利用—发电厂废热多目的利用 ;工厂废热发电、工厂废热多目的利用、炉顶压发电 ;ＬＮＧ气化冷热发电、ＬＮＧ气化冷热多目的利用 ;大型电子计算机、变电站、地铁等废…     

LNG (liquefied natural gas): A necessary part in China's future energy infrastructure

This paper presents an overview of the LNG industry in China, covering LNG plants, receiving terminals, transportation, and applications. Small and medium scale LNG plants with different liquefaction processes have already been built or are being built. China's first two LNG receiving terminals have been put into operation in Guangdong and Fujian, another one is being built in Shanghai, and more are being planned. China is now able to manufacture LNG road tanks and containers. The construction of the first two LNG carriers has been completed. LNG satellite stations have been built, and LNG vehicles have been manufactured. LNG related regulations and standards are being established. The prospects of LNG in China are also discussed in this paper. Interesting topics such as small-scale liquefiers, LNG cold energy utilization, coal bed methane liquefaction, LNG plant on board (FPSO – floating production, storage, and off-loading), and LNG price are introduced and analyzed. To meet the increasing demand for natural gas, China needs to build about 10 large LNG receiving terminals, and to import LNG at the level of more than 20 bcm (billion cubic metre) per year by 2020.     

Natural gas prices, LNG transport costs, and the dynamics of LNG imports

According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, LNG is projected to become a much larger share of U.S. natural gas consumption, rising from current levels of around 2.5% of total natural gas consumption to 12.4% by 2030. Because natural gas and LNG are substitutes, natural gas prices are expected to be an important determinant of LNG imports. Furthermore, an increasing share of LNG is traded under short-term contracts with spot shipments being diverted to markets offering the highest returns (netbacks). Relative natural gas prices as well as LNG transportation costs are important determinants of LNG netbacks. This paper examines the empirical relationship between U.S. LNG imports, the Henry Hub price of natural gas relative to U.K. and Asia gas prices, and a proxy for LNG transportation costs using monthly data from 1997 to 2007. Granger causality tests, error variance decomposition, and impulse response analyses using a VAR model are employed to establish Granger-causality as well as the dynamics of natural gas prices and LNG transportation innovations on LNG imports.     

南方LNG低温管道保冷层厚度计算的分析

目前在中国南方地区远离天然气长输管线的县城,几乎全部都采用投资建设LNG(液化天然气)气化站,然后通过LNG槽车把LNG运送到LNG气化站,然后经气化后经管道输送到各燃气用户。由于LNG是低温储藏,因此在气化前LNG低温管道需要进行保冷设计。保冷厚度的大小对工艺管道的正常运行起到重要的作用。通过对几种保冷层厚度计算方法的分析,并通过举例说明,对LNG低温管道保冷层厚度的计算方法进行阐述。     

Can the Shanghai LNG Price Index indicate Chinese market? An econometric investigation using price discovery theory

China became the world’s second largest liquefied natural gas (LNG) importer in 2018 but has faced extremely high import costs due to a lack of bargaining power. Assessments of the Shanghai LNG Price Index, first released in 2015, are vital for improving the understanding of these cost dynamics. This paper, using the LNG price index data from the Shanghai Petroleum and Gas Exchange (SHPGX) coupled with domestic and international LNG prices from July 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018, estimates several econometric models to evaluate the long-term and short-term equilibriums of the Shanghai LNG Price Index, the responses to market information shocks and the leading or lagging relationships with LNG and alternative energy prices from other agencies. The results show that the LNG price index of the SHPGX has already exhibited a long-term equilibrium and short-term adjustment mechanisms to reflect the average price level and market movements, but the market information transparency and price discovery efficiency of the index are still inadequate. China’s LNG market is still relatively independent of other natural gas markets, and marketization reforms are under way in China. The influence of the SHPGX LNG price index on the trading decisions of market participants is expected to improve with further development of China’s LNG reforms, the formation of a natural gas entry-exit system, and the increasing liquidity of the hub.     

液化天然气及其车用技术

本文对液化天然气LNG的性质和特点进行了全面的分析阐明LNG是天然气有效的应用形式介绍了国内外车用LNG及LNG汽车的发展状况同时对LNG加LNG车用技术分别作了较详细论述     

LNG加气行业运营模式研究和经济性分析

LNG作为车用燃料具有安全环保和经济性的优势,LNG汽车的优势和前景已得到了普遍认可。但是,我国目前现有的LNG加气站的数量远不能适应L N G汽车交通运输发展的需要。由于液化模式和技术等的不同,LNG加气站相比传统的汽柴油加油站的类型更加多样化。从LNG车用加注市场全产业链的角度,可以将LNG加气站的运营模式分为六种。它们的技术和工艺流程都不相同,因此影响其成本的主要因素也不同。可以综合考虑每种模式的使用条件和成本影响因素,来选择合适的运营模式。但是专用液化模式应是发展LNG加气站的主要方向,只用这样才能向市场提供大量廉价的LNG,进而形成跨地域的LNG加注网络。随着时间的推移,LNG车用燃料市场规模将会不断扩大,综合运用这六种LNG加气站运营模式才能满足日益增长的LNG车用燃料的市场需求。     

LNG生产发展新趋势

随着世界能源需求的不断增长以及人们环保意识的不断加强,液化天然气(LNG)产业进入了前所未有的黄金发展期,LNG生产也表现出一些新的发展趋势。随着开采技术的快速发展,非常规天然气的可采储量和产量迅速增长,LNG气源来源也更加广泛。为了降低投资成本,使LNG产品的价格更具市场竞争力,LNG单线生产规模不断增大。同时,由于小型LNG装置工艺简单、流程短、适应性强、运行成本相对较低,小型LNG橇装装置设计简单、采购零部件少、现场工程量小、运行维护简单、具有良好的可移动性,也成为应用的热点。原料气组分及环境温度适应性强、技术可靠性高、流程简洁、操作维护简单、设备数量少、安全高效的工艺流程成为未来液化天然气技术的发展方向,而LNG工程建设模块化成为重要趋势。浮式液化天然气(FLNG)技术因投资少、投产快、效益高,特别适用于边际气田和深海气田的开发,受到国际知名石油公司的高度重视,已从概念转入工业应用。与此同时,中国、日本、韩国等主要LNG进口国正在逐步加深对上游天然气开发的参与程度。     

The emerging hydrogen economy and its impact on LNG

Hydrogen is gaining prominence as a critical tool for countries to meet decarbonisation targets. The main production pathways are based on natural gas or renewable electricity. LNG represents an increasingly important component of the global natural gas market. This paper examines synergies and linkages between the hydrogen and LNG values chains and quantifies the impact of increased low-carbon hydrogen production on global LNG flows. The analysis is conducted through interviews with LNG industry stakeholders, a review of secondary literature and a scenario-based assessment of the potential development of global low-carbon hydrogen production and LNG trade until 2050 using a novel, integrated natural gas and hydrogen market model. The model-based analysis shows that low-carbon hydrogen production could become a significant user of natural gas and thus stabilise global LNG demand. Furthermore, commercial and operational synergies could assist the LNG industry in developing a value chain around natural gas-based low-carbon hydrogen.     

Power generation potential of liquified natural gas regasification terminals

The share of liquified natural gas (LNG) in the international trade of natural gas (NG) is continually increasing. This presents increasing opportunities to build power plants to generate electricity at LNG regasification terminals rather than wasting the power generation potential of LNG at about −162°C by regasifying it by seawater, ambient air, or by burning NG. Typically, over 5% of the NG received at LNG plants is used to liquify the remaining incoming gaseous NG at environmental conditions. Theoretically, all the energy consumed at LNG liquefaction plants can be recovered at LNG regasification terminals. In this study, the theoretical and practical power generation potential of regasified LNG is investigated by performing energy and exergy analyses. It is shown that up to 0.191 kWh of electric power can be generated during the regasification of LNG per standard m³ of NG regasified. The potential economic gains associated with power generation at LNG regasification facilities are demonstrated by analyzing the 2018 LNG imports of Turkey as a case study and the world. It is shown that the 314 million tons of LNG imported globally in 2018 has the electric power generation potential of 88 billion kWh with a market value of over 10 billion USD. It also has the potential to offset 38 million tons of CO₂ emissions.     

世界液化天然气的发展趋势

介绍了世界液化天然气（LNG）市场的分布情况。分析了世界LNG交易出现了多元化的趋势,LNG贸易合同更加多样灵活．买卖双方参与更多的LNG业务。指出世界LNG项目建设规模扩大,建设成本压力增大。预测世界LNG价格在短期内将呈价位下行波动态势．从长期看仍将保持高位上升波动态势;天然气将继续保持旺盛的需求,LNG产业市场前景广阔。