Improvement of Hydrogen Storage Propertiesof La_(0.6)M_(0.4)Ni_(4.8)Mno.2 Alloys

Investigation has been carried out to find the effects of Nd substitution and Cu addition on the hydrogen storage properties of AB5-type alloy with a multicomponent La0.6M0.4Ni4.8Mn0.2 (M=Y, Nd) system. La0.6Y0.4Ni4.8Mn0.2, which was used in an air-conditioning system, showed poor hysteresis and sloping characteristics, which led to a decrease concerning the coefficient of performance of the system. By the substitution of Nd for Y, the hydrogen storage capacity increased, and the plateau pressure decreased a little, but the hydrogen absorption kinetics decreased dramatically. Cu addition can effectively improve the kinetics of hydride formation without changing the hydrogen storage capacity of La0.6Nd0.4Ni4.8Mn0.2. It has been found that La0.6Nd0.4Ni4.8Mno0.2Cu0.1 alloy showed good hydrogen storage characteristics for metal hydride air-conditioning system. The results showed that, for each component of La0.6M0.4Ni4.8Mn0.2. the effective hydrogen storage capacity increased with decrease of the unit cell     

(La_(1-x)Yb_x)_2Mo_2O_9(x=0.06)陶瓷的制备及其电性能

采用XRD、SEM、电化学工作站等方法对高温固相反应法合成的(La1-xYbx)2Mo2O9(x=0.06)固体电解质材料的电性能进行了研究.粉末XRD结果表明,该样品为单一立方相La2Mo2O9结构.在测定温度范围内,不同气氛下的电导率随温度的升高基本呈线性增大,干燥氧气气氛下表现出较高的电导率,900℃时达到最大值0.066S/cm.(La1-xYbx)2Mo2O9(x=0.06)能完全抑制La2Mo2O9母体的相变.氧分压与电导率的关系表明样品在高氧分压气氛中是离子导体,在低氧分压气氛中是离子与电子的混合导体.     

Magneto-transport and Magnetic Susceptibility of SmFeAsO1−x F x (x=0.0 and 0.20)

We report superconductivity in the SmFeAsO_1?x F _x for the x=0.2 system being synthesized using the single step solid state reaction route. Rietveld analysis of room temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) data shows the studied samples, SmFeAsO_1?x F _x with x=0.0 and x=0.2, are crystallized in a single phase tetragonal structure with space group P4/nmm. The resistivity measurement shows superconductivity for the x=0.20 sample with T _c (onset) ～51.7 K. The upper critical field, [H _c2(0)] is estimated ～3770 kOe by Ginzburg–Landau (GL) theory. Broadening of superconducting transition in magnetotransport is studied through thermally activated flux flow in an applied field up to 130 kOe. The flux flow activation energy (U/k _B ) is estimated ～1215 K for 1 kOe field. Magnetic measurements exhibited bulk superconductivity with lower critical field (H _c1) of ～1.2 kOe at 2 K. In the normal state, the paramagnetic nature of compound confirms no trace of magnetic impurity, which orders ferromagnetically. AC susceptibility measurements have been carried out for SmFeAsO_0.80F_0.20 sample at various amplitude and frequencies of applied AC drive field. The intergranular critical current density (J _c ) is estimated. Specific heat [C _p (T)] measurement showed an anomaly at around 140 K due to the SDW ordering of Fe, followed by another peak at 5 K corresponding to the antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering of Sm⁺³ ions in the SmFeAsO compound. Interestingly, the change in entropy (marked by the C _p transition height) at 5 K for Sm⁺³ AFM ordering is heavily reduced in the case of the superconducting SmFeAsO_0.80F_0.20 sample.     

Effect of Te Substitution on (Tl0.5Pb0.5)Sr2(Ca1?x Te x )Cu2O7 (x=0.0 to 0.5) Superconductor

The (Tl_0.5Pb_0.5)Sr₂(Ca_1?x Te _x )Cu₂O_7??? (Tl-1212) superconductor for x=0.0 to 0.5 has been prepared and studied by a powder X-ray diffraction method, electrical resistance and AC susceptibility measurements. Most of the samples showed Tl-1212 as the major phase and Tl-1201 as the minor phases. Small amounts of Te substitution (x??0.3) maintained the formation of the Tl-1212 phase but larger amounts led to the formation of 1201 and an unknown impurity phase. The resistance versus temperature curve showed metallic behavior for all samples. The resistance versus temperature curves showed onset transition temperature ( $T_{\mathrm{c\ onset}}$ ) between 92 and 97 K. Our results indicated the combined effects of Te substitution, heating temperature and heating time on the formation and optimization of the (Tl_0.5Pb_0.5)Sr₂(Ca_1?x Te _x )Cu₂O₇ superconductor.     

Fe部分取代Co对La_(0.7)Zr_(0.1)Mg_(0.2)Ni_(2.75)Co_(0.75-x)Fe_x(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2)合金储氢性能的影响

在氩气保护下,采用磁悬浮感应熔炼方法制备La0.7Zr0.1Mg0.2Ni2.75Co0.75-x Fex(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2)合金,并研究Fe取代Co对La0.7Zr0.1Mg0.2Ni2.75Co0.75-x Fex(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2)合金储氢性能及电化学性能的影响。结果表明:合金主要由LaNi5和La2Ni7相组成,随着Fe含量的增加,LaNi5和La2Ni7相的晶胞体积逐渐增大,且合金中依次出现ZrFe2相(x≥0.05)和La7Ni3相(x≥0.1)。适量的Fe取代Co,不仅能提高La0.7Zr0.1-Mg0.2Ni2.75Co0.75-x Fex(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2)合金的储氢容量,降低合金的放氢平台压,改善合金氢化物的稳定性,而且能延长合金电极的循环寿命,提高合金电极的高倍率放电性能。     

The Magnetic Properties of Mn x Fe1−x NiSi (x=0,0.25,0.5,0.75,1) Alloys

The magnetic properties of Mn _x Fe_1?x NiSi (x=0,0.25,0.5,0.75,1) alloys are studied using density functional theory and the WIEN2k package. The exchange correlation potential is treated by generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The total energy calculations of these alloys confirm the stability of the ferromagnetic phase as compared to a nonmagnetic phase. The total magnetic moment is not a linear function of x. By increasing x, it increases and then decreases. The peak position of the magnetic moment is near x=0.75.     

双钙钛矿氧化物La_(2-x)Sr_xNiMnO_6(x=0,0.15)的电磁特性研究

采用固相反应法制备了双钙钛矿锰氧化物La_(2-x)Sr_xNiMnO_6(x=0, 0.15)样品。XRD测试结果表明,两个样品成相良好,属于钙钛矿晶体结构;通过磁化强度随温度变化曲线(M-T)可判定Sr掺杂导致样品铁磁性减弱,反铁磁性增强,等温磁化曲线(M-H)可进一步证实这一结论;两个样品的磁滞回线、2K下的磁滞回线的放大图和拉曼光谱测试结果可以共同说明Sr的掺杂使得系统反位无序度和反位缺陷增大、反位无序之间的反铁磁耦合增强、反铁磁性反相边界增加;同时χ~(-1)-T曲线在居里温度附近向上背离居里-外斯定律情况有减弱的趋势,用反位缺陷与反铁磁耦合强度之间相对强弱关系的变化可以解释这一现象;掺Sr之后,LSNMO系统的FCC和FCW曲线不重合是一级相变的典型特征,用重标定曲线和Arrott曲线可以进一步证实这一现象;同时两样品的电阻率随温度变化结果表明La_(1.85)Sr_(0.15)NiMnO_6的金属-绝缘体转变温度降低、在0和2T下测得的电阻率之间的差值增大。     

Comparison of the Thermomagnetic and Thermal Effects duringNanocrystallization of Amorphous Fe_(76.5-x)Cu_1Nb_xSi_(13.5)B_9 Alloys

The results of thermomagnetic (TM) and calorimetric (DSC) measurements have been compared in order to clarify some details of the mechanism of nanophase-formation from Finemet-type precursors with different Nb contents. It was found that the main features of the DSC thermograms (shape, relative separation and amplitude of the exothermic peaks characteristic for the precipitation of the Fe-(Si) solid solution and the transition metal borides) depend mainly on the composition of the precursor glass, and are only slightly affected by the heating rate between 20 and 80 K/min. The amplitude of the uprise of the magnetization in the TM curves (attributed to the precipitation of bcc-Fe(Si) and borides) decreases with increasing Nb-content. The Curietemperature of the precursor glasses. Tc(am1), the remainder amorphous phases, Tc(am2) and the bcc nanophase, Tc(n-Fe) are determined from the thermomagnetic curves. The shape of the TM curves is interpreted on the basis of the reactions describing the crystalIization of the hypo-eutectic Fe-B glasses.     

镍氢电池负极材料V_2Ti_(0.5)Cr_(0.5)Ni_(1-x)Mo_x(x=0.02~0.08)的结构和电化学性能

为了改善镍氢电池负极材料的循环稳定性能,采用真空感应电弧熔炼炉制备了V_2Ti_(0.5)Cr_(0.5)Ni_(1-x)Mo_x(x=0.02~0.08)合金,分析了不同含量的Mo替代Ni之后对合金电极的组织结构及电化学性能的影响。研究结果表明,电极材料主要由BCC结构的V基固溶体主相和Ti Ni二次相组成,随着合金中Mo替代Ni含量x由0.02增加到0.08,合金电极的放电容量先增加后降低,合金电极的循环稳定性能以及电化学动力学性能先得到改善而后降低,合金电极的综合性能均在x=0.04时达到最好。     

Hydrogen sorption properties of V1 − x Cr x (x = 0.1–0.5) alloys

We have studied the interaction of hydrogen with vanadium-chromium alloys. Hydrogen absorption and desorption isotherms have been constructed, the stability ranges of the forming hydride phases have been determined, and the ΔH and ΔS of the reactions involved have been evaluated. X-ray diffraction characterization results indicate the formation of three hydride phases, with fcc, bcc, and hcp structures.     

Geometric Effects of La1+xMg2-xNi9 (x=0.02~1.0) Ternary Alloys on Their Hydrogen Storage Capacities

Structural analysis was made using X-ray diffraction (XRD) Rietveld refinement on a series of La1+xMg2-xNi9 (x=0.02~1.0) ternary alloys. Results showed that each of La1+xMg2-xNi9 alloys was a PuNi3-type structure stacked by LaNi5 and (La, Mg) Ni2 blocks. Electrochemical tests revealed that discharge abilities of these La-Mg-Ni ternary alloys mainly depended on their atomic distances between (La, Mg) and Ni, which could be modified by varying the atomic ratios of La/Mg.     

机械合金化制备Mg76-xTi12Ni12Mnx（x=2,4,6,8）合金及其贮氢性能研究

利用机械合金化法制备了Mg76-xTi12Ni12Mnx(x=2,4,6,8)合金,并研究了Mn添加量对合金贮氢性能的影响。结果表明,在Mg76-xTi12Ni12Mnx(x=2,4,6,8)合金中合金相主要由Mg2Ni和Ti2Ni相组成,合金最大贮氢量分别为3.47%、3.32%、3.60%和3.11%(质量分数,下同),合金氢化物的分解热依次为-79.2kJ/mol、-78.0kJ/mol、-73.7kJ/mol和-73.6kJ/mol,添加Mn可降低合金氢化物的稳定性,改善其热力学性能,非晶化不利于提高合金的贮氢性能。     

低Co贮氢合金ReNi3.5Co0.3Mn0.3Al0.4Fe0.5-xSnx(x=0～0.4)的相结构和电化学性能

对比研究了铸态和退火态ReNi3.5Co0．3Mn0．3Al0．4Fe0.5—xSnx(x＝0—0．4)贮氢合金的相结构和电化学性能。XRD分析表明，铸态和退火态的无Sn合金均为单相CaCu5型结构；而在含Sn合金中，除CaCu5型结构的主相之外，还存在有LaNiSn第二相，且第二相的含量随合金Sn含量(x)的增加而增多；退火处理可以减少含Sn合金中第二相的含量。电化学测试表明，Sn含量对铸态合金的活化性能没有影响，但Sn含量的增加会导致合金的放电容量降低；退火处理可使Sn含量x≤0．2的合金的活化次数及放电容量略有增加，但使Sn含量更高(x＞0．2)的合金的活化性能及放电容量明显降低。随Sn含量x的增加，铸态合金的放电电位平台、高倍率放电性能及循环稳定性均有所降低；退火处理能显著改善含Sn合金的放电电位平台和循环稳定性，但使合金的高倍率放电性能进一步降低。     

Mg76-xVxTi12Ni12(x=4、8、12、16)合金制备与贮氢性能的研究

采用机械合金化制备了Mg76-xVxTi12Ni12 (x=4、8、12、16)合金,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜( SEM)和压强-成分-温度(PCT)等分析方法对合金粉末进行分析和表征.结果表明,合金相主要由Mg2Ni相和Ti2Ni相组成,Mg76-xVxTi12Ni12 (x=4、8、12、16)合金贮氢量(质量分数,下同)分别为3.71％、3.12％、2.85％和2.33％,随着V含量的增加,合金的贮氢量下降,合金氢化物释氢率分别为95.1％、97.1％、84.9％和94.4％,适量的V能提高合金氢化物的释氢率.     

La0.7-xPrxZr0.1Mg0.2Ni2.75Co0.45Fe0.1Al0.2 (x=0.00,0.05,0.10, 0.15,0.20)合金储氢及电化学性能研究

在Ar气保护下,采用高频感应悬浮炉制备La0.7-xPrxZr0.1Mg0.2Ni2.75Co0.45Fe0.1Al0.2(x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)合金,研究Pr替代La对合金电极电化学性能的影响。结果显示,所有合金主要由LaNi5和La2Ni7相组成,以Pr替代La后,LaNi5相和La2Ni7合金相的晶胞收缩,导致氢原子在合金电极体内扩散受限,合金电极的动力学性能下降。但由于Pr的抗腐蚀作用,合金电极循环稳定性增加,经过200次充放电循环后容量保持率分别从66.2%(x=0.00)逐渐增加到69.5%(x=0.05)、73.2%(x=0.10)、74.0%(x=0.15)和75.1%(x=0.20)。     

La1.5Mg0.5Ni7-xCux(x=0.1～1.2)贮氢合金电化学性能的研究

研究了Ce2Ni7型贮氢合金La1.5Mg0.5Ni7-xCux（x=0.1-1.2）的组织结构和电化学性能。当X=0．1—0．6时Cu元素部分替代Ni后可形成La2Ni7型相，x≥0．9时，合金中则有少量的未知相析出。合金MH电极电化学研究表明，随Cu元素量的增加，合金电极的最大放电容量从380mAh／g（x=0．1）下降至340mAh／g（x=1．2）；当x=0．3～0．9时合金电极的循环寿命较x=0．1时有一定的改善，合金电极交换电流密度（I0）和极限电流密度（I1）均以x=0．6为转折点先减小后增大。电极反应的动力学性能依Cu0．1〉Cu0．3〉Cu1．2〉Cu0．9〉Cu0．6的次序递减。     

Zr_(1-x)T_xMn_(0.6)Ni_(1.4)(T=Ti,V)合金的晶体结构和贮氢特性

本文研究了Zr_(1-x)T_xMn_(0.6)Ni_(1.4)(T=Ti,V;x=0,0.1,0.2,0.4,0.6)合金的晶体结构和贮氢特性。这种合金的晶体结构属于Laves相的六方结构,空间群为P6_3/mmc。用Ti和V原子替代部分Zr原子后,六方结构的晶格常数变小。六方结构晶格常数的变小致使合金的氢平衡分解压随着Ti和V原子含量的增加而升高。     

La0.7Mg0.3-xLixNi2.8Co0.5(x=0.00，0.05，0.10，0.15)合金制备与电化学性能的研究

在Ar气的保护下,利用磁悬浮感应炉熔炼制备La_(0.7)Mg_(0.3-x)Li_xNi_(2.8)Co_(0.5)(x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15)合金,并研究Li部分取代Mg对La_(0.7)Mg_(0.3-x)Li_xNi_(2.8)Co_(0.5)(x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15)合金电化学性能的影响。研究结果发现,合金电极的最大放电容量依次为385mAh/g(x=0.00)、390mAh/g(x=0.05)、385mAh/g(x=0.10)和393mAh/g(x=0.15),经过100次充放电循环后,合金电极的容量保持率S100从39.7%(x=0.00)增加到42.1%(x=0.05),然后再下降到39.8%(x=0.10)和34.2%(x=0.15),而合金电极在放电电流密度为1200mA/g的高倍率放电性能HRD1200则从x=0.00的80%逐渐增大到x=0.15的82.8%。这充分说明以Li局部替代Mg,对LaMg-Ni合金电极的最大放电影响较小,但能提高合金电极的动力学性能,且适量的Li有利于改善合金电极的循环稳定性。     

铸态及快淬态La_2Mg(Ni_(0.85)Co_(0.15))_9B_x(x=0~0.2)贮氢合金的微观结构与电化学容量(英文)

用铸造及快淬工艺制备了La-Mg-Ni系(PuNi3型)贮氢合金La2Mg(Ni0.85Co0.15)9Bx(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2),分析测试了铸态及快淬态合金的微观结构与电化学容量,研究了硼及快淬工艺对合金微观结构及电化学容量的影响。结果表明,铸态合金具有多相结构,包括(La,Mg)Ni3相(PuNi3型)、LaNi5相,一定量的LaNi2相和微量的Ni2B相,经快淬处理后Ni2B相消失。硼的加入对铸态及快淬态合金的容量产生不同的影响,铸态合金的容量随硼含量的增加而单调下降,而快淬态合金的容量随硼含量的增加有一极大值。快淬处理对含硼及不含硼合金的容量也有不同的影响,随淬速的增加,不含硼合金的容量单调下降,而含硼合金的容量可以获得一个极大值。     

MlNi_4Co_(0.6)Al_(0.4)储H_2合金表面吸H_2的TDS研究

用热脱附谱 (TDS)对不同表面处理的富La混合储H2 合金MlNi4 Co0 6Al0 4 粉末样品进行H2 气吸附和脱附特性的比较和研究。未经表面处理的粉末样品 ,只测到一个H2 脱附峰 (α峰 ) ,脱附温度在 40 0K左右 ;经 6molKOH溶液 ,在 80℃下处理 6h的MlNi4 Co0 6Al0 4 粉末样品 ,有 2个H2 热脱附峰 (β峰和γ峰 ) ,脱附温度分别在 5 40和 6 30K处 ;而用 6molKOH 0 0 2molKBH4 溶液处理后 ,则有 3个H2 热脱附峰 (α峰 ,β峰和γ峰 ) ,脱附温度分别在 40 0 ,5 30和 6 40K处。TDS研究表明 ,热碱加还原的处理使材料表面对H2 气吸附的活性和容量提高 ,并使各个吸附态的扩散和转变更加容易。