PP非织造布的生物大分子接枝改性

采用环氧型交联剂乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(EGDE)及生物大分子(壳聚糖或胶原蛋白)对氨气低温等离子体处理后的聚丙烯(PP)非织造布进行表面接枝改性,探讨了接枝反应条件及改性PP非织造布的染色性、亲水性及抗菌性能。结果表明:氨气低温等离子体处理后的PP非织造布表面产生了可参与接枝反应的活性基团;EGDE具有较好的交联效果,壳聚糖的接枝效果高于胶原蛋白,较佳的接枝反应条件为交联剂0.15 g,壳聚糖质量浓度12 g/L,反应温度45℃,反应时间8 h;壳聚糖接枝改性后PP非织造布的染色性、亲水性及抗菌性能均得到改善,其酸性染料上染率约49%,芯吸高度0.8 cm,对金黄色葡萄球菌及大肠杆菌的抗菌率分别达96.9%和93.4%。     

生物大分子接枝改性丙纶非织造布研究

采用低温氧气等离子体处理聚丙烯(PP)非织造布,利用交联剂将处理后的PP非织造布与生物大分子壳聚糖或胶原蛋白进行接枝反应,探讨了接枝反应条件及改性PP非织造布的性能。结果表明:在环氧交联剂的架桥作用下,等离子体处理后的PP非织造布可接枝壳聚糖或胶原蛋白,适宜的接枝反应条件为0.1 g交联剂,45℃下12 g/L壳聚糖溶液中反应8 h,或35℃下15 g/L胶原蛋白溶液中反应6 h;经氧气等离子体处理后,PP非织造布表面引入了大量的羟基和羧基,并参与接枝反应,壳聚糖的接枝效果优于胶原蛋白;接枝改性后PP非织造布的亲水性、染色性、抗菌性及伤口愈合能力均得到提高。     

低温等离子体引发丙烯酸在PET纳米纤维膜上的接枝聚合

介绍了低温等离子体引发丙烯酸（AA）表面接枝聚合对聚苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）纳米纤维薄膜的改性研究。实验探索了放电时间和放电功率对薄膜润湿性的影响,在真空度60 Pa、AA气体流量3 L/min条件下,放电功率75～150 W范围内,放电时间60 s和放电功率150 W、放电时间30~60 s范围内,处理后薄膜的水接触角均为0°,结果说明了此改性PET纳米纤维膜具有超亲水性。通过扫描电镜、红外和力学性能等测试讨论了接枝处理前后薄膜的形态及性能的变化。实验结果表明气相低温等离子体接枝处理后,薄膜的断裂伸长率和断裂强度有一定的增强。低温等离子体引发AA表面接枝PET纳米纤维薄膜的方法有望成为电纺PET纤维膜表面改性的有效手段,具有积极的应用价值。     

空气等离子体处理对涤纶非织造布表面亲水性的影响

采用空气等离子体技术对涤纶非织造布表面进行了处理,利用扫描电子显微镜和光电子能谱仪分别考察了处理前后涤纶非织造布表面形态和化学成分的变化,分析了处理时间对非织造布的亲水性及其时效性以及力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着空气等离子体处理时间的增加,涤纶非织造布的表面粗糙程度增加;在处理时间前90 s内,涤纶非织造布的静态水接触角由未处理时的114.3°下降到33.2°,90~150 s接触角趋于稳定;经等离子体处理的试样表面含碳量下降,含氧和含氮基团增加,其亲水性存在明显的时效性,适当延长处理时间可以在一定程度上抑制试样亲水性的老化效应;随着处理时间的确加,涤纶非织造布的纵向和横向断裂强力缓慢下降,但不影响其主体的力学性能。     

聚酯纤维非织造布紫外光表面接枝改性研究

以PET纤维非织造布为处理对象，研究了紫外接枝过程中不同单体、引发剂、溶剂对接枝处理后的非织造布与改性苯丙胶乳粘接性能的影响。发现以AM为接枝单体，安息香为光引发剂，水和丙酮为混合剂时效果最好。并且通过正交设计实验方法，找出最佳处理条件，经这个最佳条件处理后的非织造布浸渍改性苯丙胶乳，然后固化，测得其横向拉伸强力从未处理前的47N增加到119．28N，效果显著。     

PET表面改性研究进展

综述了国内外聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的表面改性研究进展.PET表面改性方法主要有:化学接枝改性、紫外光辐照接枝改性、高能射线辐照接枝改性、等离子体处理接枝改性以及臭氧氧化改性等;通过PET表面改性,可以改善PET的亲水性、抗静电性、粘附性和生物相容性等性能;介绍了改性PET在相关领域中的应用;指出PET的表面改性...     

等离子体诱导PET纤维接枝丙烯酸的研究

利用低温等离子体技术对PET织物在氧气下经等离子处理后生成过氧化物,然后接枝丙烯酸进行研究。通过改变低温等离子体各种处理条件来研究其接枝后织物的吸水性、润湿性等性能变化。随着放电功率的增加、放电时间的延长,PET织物的吸液高度呈现先增大后减小的趋势;随着放电功率的增加,PET织物与去离子水接触角呈现先减小后增大的趋势;随着等离子体放电时间的增加,PET织物与去离子水的接触角迅速减小,然后趋于稳定。经过处理后试样的吸湿率、吸液高度和回潮率均随接枝率的增加而增加,染色性能提高。     

低温等离子体技术在非织造材料表面改性中的应用

介绍了低温等离子体技术的基本原理,及其应用于非织造材料表面改性的方法;详述了低温等离子体技术在非织造材料表面改性中的应用现状及发展趋势。低温等离子体技术应用于非织造材料表面改性主要分为等离子体表面处理改性、等离子体沉积聚合、等离子体接枝聚合3种方法;采用低温等离子体技术可以显著改善非织造材料表面的润湿性、染色性、粘结性和血液过滤性能等;低温等离子体技术在非织造材料领域具有广阔的发展前景,今后应加大对低温等离子体改性机理及其处理效果的时效性等方面的研究,促进其产业化发展。     

壳聚糖接枝改性PLA非织造布的制备及性能研究

为拓展聚乳酸(PLA)纤维在医疗卫生领域的应用,以交联剂及壳聚糖(CTS)对PLA纤维进行接枝改性,使CTS固定于PLA非织造布之上,采用单因素实验方法,考察了CTS接枝改性PLA非织造布的工艺条件;研究了CTS接枝改性PLA非织造布的性能。结果表明:CTS接枝改性PLA非织造布的较佳工艺条件为交联剂乙二醇二缩水甘油醚0.2 g、壳聚糖质量浓度10 g/L、浸渍温度60℃、浸渍时间6 h、焙烘温度120℃、焙烘时间3 min,使用醋酸和蒸馏水进行润洗;CTS接枝改性PLA非织造布的透气性为14%,导湿性为15 mm,平均抗弯长度为16.82 cm,对大肠埃希菌的抑菌率为77.1%,对金黄葡萄球菌的抑菌率为64.5%,具有优良的透气性、导湿性、硬挺度和抗菌性。     

血液过滤用布的改性性能研究

医学上血液制品常需要用布过滤血液中的白细胞,但未经处理的非织造布亲水性较差,过滤效果不令人满意。用低温等离子方法对非织造布进行改性处理,通过表面改性增加其亲水性,以达到良好的过滤效果。     

Functional finishing by using atmospheric pressure plasma: Grafting of PET nonwoven fabric

Poly (ethylene terephtalate) (PET) nonwoven fabric was treated with He/O₂ plasma to produce peroxides and grafted with acrylic acid (AA) for introducing carboxyl groups onto PET surface. The graft yield increased with AA concentration from 1.5M to 2.5M, and then decreased with further increase in AA concentration. Graft yield increased with sodium pyrosulfite (SPS) concentration from 0.005M to 0.02M, and then decreased with further increase of SPS concentration. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results indicated that both of plasma treatment and AA grafting increased oxygen content and decreased carbon content on the PET nonwoven fabric surface. The grafted PET nonwoven fabric showed increase in moisture regain and dye uptake. And drastic increase in wettability was observed after grafting. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3655–3659, 2007     

Effect of PEGylated chitosan on plasma etched PET fabrics surface properties

In this work, PEGylated chitosan derivatives were prepared and used to modified poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabrics. PET fabrics surface were etched by oxygen plasma before different concentrations PEGylated chitosan derivatives solution treatment. The effects of oxygen plasma and PEGylated chitosan derivatives on the surface properties of PET fabrics are investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Surface wettability was monitored by water contact angle measurement and moisture regains. The results showed that the occurrence of oxygen‐containing functional groups (i.e., C?O, C? O, and ? OH) of the plasma‐treated PET and the surface coarseness increased from those of the untreated one. There was a layer film formed on the surface of PET fabrics after PEGylated chitosan modification. The combination treatment of oxygen plasma with PEGylated chitosans lightly lowered the breaking strength and elongation of PET fabric. That moisture regains increased and the contact angle decreased implied the hydrophilicity enhancement for the PET fabrics. In addition, dyeing property of PEGylated chitosan derivative modified PET was improved. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 39693.     

用低温等离子体诱导PET织物接枝丙烯酸

运用氧气等离子体表面改性技术对PET织物进行处理后接枝丙烯酸,探讨了处理时放电功率、单体浓度、反应温度、处理时间等对接枝率的影响,并对接枝率与织物的吸湿性进行了研究。     

Surface characterization and antibacterial activity of chitosan‐grafted poly(ethylene terephthalate) prepared by plasma glow discharge

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) texture was exposed to oxygen plasma glow discharge to produce peroxides on its surfaces. These peroxides were then used as catalysts for the polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) in order to prepare a PET introduced by a carboxylic acid group (PET‐A). Chitosan and quaternized chitosan (QC) were then coupled with the carboxyl groups on the PET‐A to obtain chitosan‐grafted PET (PET‐A‐C) and QC‐grafted PET (PET‐A‐QC), respectively. These surface‐modified PETs were characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, and a contact angle goniometer. The amounts of AA, chitosan, and QC grafted on the PET surfaces as determined by the gravimetric method were about 6, 8, and 9 μg/cm², respectively. The antibacterial activity of the surface‐modified PET textures was investigated using a shake flask method. After 6 h of shaking, the growth of bacteria was markedly inhibited by PET with ionically (86% in PET‐A^?‐C⁺) and covalently (75% in PET‐A‐C) grafted chitosan and with covalently grafted QC (83% in PET‐A‐QC). After the laundering the inhibition of the growth of the bacteria was maintained in the range of 48–58%, showing the fastness of the chitosan‐grafted PET textures against laundering. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 2769–2778, 2001     

Anti‐bacterial and swelling properties of acrylic acid grafted and collagen/chitosan immobilized polypropylene non‐woven fabrics

The various weight ratios of collagen/chitosan were used to immobilize the various grafted amounts of acrylic acid (AA) grafted polypropylene nonwoven fabric. For a given value of grafting percentage of AA and the immobilizing time period, the values of the immobilizing percentage of collagen/chitosan are increased with the increasing of chitosan contained in the mixtures of collagen/chitosan. The antibacterial properties are also increased with the increasing of chitosan in the mixtures of collagen/chitosan and the immobilizing percentage of collagen/chitosan. The crosslinking reaction between the AA‐grafted PP nonwoven fabrics and collagen/chitosan with glutaraldehyde are clearly sustained by examination from the spectra of the surface reflection infrared spectroscopy (IR). The values of water uptake and water diffusion coefficients are decreased with the increasing of chitosan in the mixtures of collagen/chitosan and the immobilizing percentages of collagen/chitosan at the same pH value of buffering water. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 391–400, 2005     

无纺布改性膜的制备及其抗污染性能研究

利用原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）方法引发乙烯基吡咯烷酮（NVP）在聚丙烯无纺布膜表面接枝聚合。聚合物在膜上的接枝度随着接枝时间的增加而增加。傅里叶红外光谱分析表明了NVP在膜表面的成功接枝聚合;扫面电子显微镜观察表明接枝反应使膜的表面粗糙度增加,孔径降低;改性膜表面的亲水性增加,水动态接触角由基膜的113°降至改性后52.1°。静态蛋白质（BSA）吸附试验用来评价改性膜的抗蛋白质污染能力,结果显示改性膜表面BSA的吸附量降低了82.5%。通过纯水和活性污泥上清液过滤试验来分析改性膜的渗透和抗污染性能,结果表明和无纺布基膜相比,改性膜的抗污染能力大大提高,通量衰减率由基膜的91.93%降低到74.60%。     

Surface modification of polypropylene film by grafting with vinyl monomers for the attachment of chitosan

Polypropylene (PP) film activated by corona discharge treatment was grafted with methyl methacrylate (MMA) and acrylic acid (AA). The grafted PP was characterized by spectral, thermal analysis and swelling behavior which confirmed the occurrence of the grafting. The water vapor and oxygen permeability (OTR and WVTR) as well as the mechanical properties have been enhanced by grafting with both AA and MMA. The grafted PP was further immobilized with chitosan (CS) using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an initiator under ultraviolet radiation. The chitosan immobilized grafted film was characterized by FTIR, mechanical properties, thermal properties and swelling measurements. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirmed that the CS is bonded to the grafted PP film. The CS modified PP film has acquired enhanced antibacterial and antifungal properties.     

PET/EHDPET异形共混纤维非织造布的吸排水性能

研究了不同碱减量率的聚酯/水溶性聚酯(PET/EHDPET)异形共混纤维非织造布的吸排水性能,探讨了碱减量率和温度等因素对非织造布吸排水速率的影响。结果表明,PET/EHDPET异形共混纤维非织造布随着碱减量率的增大吸排水性能提高;随着温度的升高,排水速率增大。