Biological evaluation on 125I-ADAM as serotonin transporter ligand

ADAM (2-((2-((dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)thio)-5-iodophenylamine) is suggested as a promising serotonin transporter (SERT) imaging agent for central nervous system. In this paper, biodistribution studies in rats showed that the initial uptake of 131I-ADAM in the brain was high (1.087%ID at 2 min post-injection), and consistently displayed the highest binding (between 60~240 min post-injection) in hypothalamus, a region known with the highest density of SERT. The specific binding((T/CB)-1) of 131I-ADAM in hypothalamus were 2.94, 3.03 and 3.09 at 60, 120 and 240 min post-injection, respectively. The (T/CB)-1 was significantly blocked by pretreatment with paroxetine, which is known as a serotonin site reuptake inhibitor, while another nonselective competing drug (5HT2A antagonist) Ketanserin, showed no block effect. The rat brain autoradiography and analysis showed that there was a high 131I-ADAM uptake in hypothalamus, the ratio of hypothalamus/cerebellum was significantly reduced from 7.94±0.39 to 1.30±0.56 by pretreatment with paroxetine at 60 min post-injection. Blood clearance kinetics was performed in rats, and the initial half-life of 13.79 min and late half-life of 357.14 min were obtained. The kinetic equation is: C=3.6147e-0.0725t 1.0413e-0.0028t. The thyroid uptake was 0.009% ID and 1.421% ID at 2 min and 120 min post-injection, respectively, suggesting that in vivo deiodination may be the major route of metabolism. Toxicity trial showed that the dose per kilogram administered to mice was 1000 times greater than that to humans, assuming a weight of 50kg. These data suggest that 131I-ADAM may be useful for SPECT imaging of SERT binding sites in the brain.     

多巴胺D2受体显像剂^125I—IBZM的合成与标记

合成了标记前体Ｓ－（－）－２－羟基－６－甲氧基－Ｎ－［（１－乙基－２－吡咯烷基）甲基］苯甲酰胺（Ｓ－（－）－ＢＺＭ）。光谱数据与结构相符。以Ｓ－（－）－ＢＺＭ为前体，用１２５Ｉ－ＮａＩ标记，成功地制备了Ｓ－（－）－３－１２５Ｉ－２－羟基－６－甲氧基－Ｎ－［（１－乙基－２－吡咯烷基）甲基］苯甲酰胺（Ｓ－１２５Ｉ－ＩＢＺＭ）。标记率大于８０％，放射化学纯度大于９０％，整个制备过程仅需４５ｍｉｎ，利于药盒化生产。     

苯酰胺类D_2受体新配体的合成,~(125)I标记及生物分布研究

合成了苯酰胺类D2受体配体（S）－N－[(1-羟乙基－2－四氢吡咯烷基）甲基]－50氨基－2，3－二甲氧基苯甲胺胺（HEABZM），用红外光谱，核磁共振和质谱法进行了表征。以HEABZM为标记前体，制备了（S）－N－[1－羟乙基－2－四氢吡咯烷基）甲基]－5－氨基－4－^125I，3－二甲苯甲酰胺。标记率为79％，经萃取分离后，放化纯度在90％以上。小鼠休丙初步生物分布研究表明，该配合物在小鼠脑中有一定的区域分布，纹状体与小脑的比值略大于1。     

一种烟碱乙酰胆碱受体(nAChRs)显像前体化合物的合成与125I标记研究

本文介绍一种可用于125/123I标记的A-85380类前体化合物--(S)-5-(三丁基锡烷基)-3-[[1-(叔丁氧基羰基)-2-甲氧基]氮杂环丁基]吡啶的设计、合成及125I标记研究.实验以2-糠胺和(S)-氮杂环丁基甲酸为起始物,先合成(S)-5-(三丁基锡烷基)-3-[[1-(叔丁氧基羰基)-2-氮杂环丁基]甲氧基]吡啶前体化合物,再用125I标记,制得5-[125I]I-A-85380.整个放射性标记的时间为50-55min,标记率大于30%.5-[125I]I-A-85380在室温下放置3天,其放化纯度仍在95%以上,表明其在体外具有较高的稳定性.     

Synthesis and labelling of epidepride

S-(-)-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-5-iodo-2,3-dimethoxybenzamide(Proposed generic name,epidepride)is a very potent dopamine D2 antagonist.It was synthesized by five steps from 3-methoxysalicylic acid.[^131I]epidepride was obtained in 97.3% radiochemical yields from the corresponding 5-(tributylitin)derivative using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant.The aryltin precursor was prepared from non-labelled epidepride by palladium-catalyzed stannylation using bis(tri-n-butyltin)in triethylamine.[^131I] epidepride was stable under 4℃,and partition coefficient was 72.3 at pH 7.40.The biodistribution study in rats exihibited high localization in the striatum of the rain with the striatum/cerebellum ratio reaching 237/1 at 320min postinjection.All these results suggest that[131I] epidepride may be used widely as a useful dopamine D2 receptor imaging agent for SPECT.     

~(18)F标记的白藜芦醇衍生物的合成及作为β-淀粉样斑块显像剂的初步评价

设计并合成四种白藜芦醇衍生物,以评价其用于Aβ-斑块PET显像的可能性。通过化学合成得到四种白藜芦醇衍生物的前体化合物和参比化合物;使用参比化合物测定其与Aβ1-42蛋白聚集体的体外结合性;经[~(18)F]亲核取代反应对具有较高亲和力的化合物进行放化标记,并进行体外稳定性、脂水分配系数、生物分布等的测定。体外竞争结合实验显示化合物(E)-1-(3,5-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-4-(2-(2-(2-氟乙氧基)乙氧基)乙氧基)苯([~(19)F]F-7)具有中度的结合性(Ki=43.76nmol/L);[~(18)F]F-7的标记时间为32min,放化产率(未校正)为(23±2)%,经SEP PAK C18柱纯化后放化纯度大于95%,且在生理盐水中的稳定性大于3h,具有较好的脂溶性(lg P=3.08);生物分布实验显示化合物[~(18)F]F-7具有较快的脑清除,注射后2min和60min的脑摄取分别为(0.55±0.05)%ID/g和(0.06±0.01)%ID/g,清除比达到9。化合物[~(18)F]F-7是一种潜在的β-淀粉样斑块PET显像剂。     

125I标记人血白蛋白及其在家兔体内代谢的研究

采用氯胺-T法标记了3种不同来源的人血白蛋白。用预饱和的Sephadex G50柱分离纯化125I标记人血白蛋白,并用HPLC法对标记物进行分析鉴定。取分离后的125I标记白蛋白配制示 踪液,进行家兔体内代谢试验。用氯胺-T方法,125I标记人血白蛋白的标记率>80%。代谢研究表明,成都生物制品研究所柱层析、低温乙醇工艺和加拿大柱层析工艺生产 的人血白蛋白,其生物半减期分别为96.11±0.01、85.75±2.62和90.00±1.69,三者之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。     

~(125)Ⅰ标记蛋白质示踪物的制备

近年来,我们用聚丙烯酰胺电泳法制备了猪前胰岛素、人生长激素、甲胎蛋白及胰岛素等~(125)I标记物。经鉴定和应用于放射免疫分析,效果较满意。     

Preparation and BiologicalEvaluation of Re/99Tcm(CO)3+-diphenyldiazeneDerivative as Candidates for Imaging Aβ Plaques in the Brain

To develop the non-invasiveand diagnostic agents for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), ⁹⁹Tc^m(CO)₃⁺-L(L: (E)-2-(4-((4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)diazenyl)phenylamino)acetic acid, adiphenyldiazene derivative) was prepared,radiochemical purity was above 95%. Initialautoradiography results suggested that ⁹⁹Tc^m(CO)₃⁺-Lshowed selective binding to the Aβ plaque-like structures in the brain section from theAD transgenic mice (Tg C57, APP, PS1 12-month-old), further, ⁹⁹Tc^m(CO)₃⁺-Lshowed the same binding sites with fluorescence stained by Re(CO)₃⁺-L.Biodistribution of ⁹⁹Tc^m(CO)₃⁺-L innormal mice demonstrated low uptake in brain (5 min: （0.52 ±0.11)% ID/g）whilst slow clearance from the brain tissues at 120 min post-injection (0.28 ± 0.04)%ID/g. The corresponding Re analogue was alsosynthesized, and the nature of its lowest electronically excited state wasdetermined by studies of the UV-vis absorption and fluorescence emissionproperties at room temperature. In addition, the fluorescent staining of the Re-complexwas performed in comparison to Thioflavin-T and autoradiography results of ⁹⁹Tc^m(CO)₃⁺-L.In conclusion, these results are encouraging for further exploration of ⁹⁹Tc^m(CO)₃⁺-Las a SPECT imaging agent for Aβplaques in the AD brain.     

125I-TOC和125I-F-PGA放射化学纯度的测定

为比较3种测定¹²⁵I标记的奥曲肽（TOC）和叶酸-青霉素酰化酶复合物（F-PGA）的放射化学纯度（RCP）的方法是否具有一致性，采用Iodogen法对TOC和F-PGA进行放射性碘标记，并用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）、三氯醋酸（TCA）沉淀法和纸层析法测定标记物的放射化学纯度（RCP），其中TCA沉淀法设4种蛋白浓度以观察其对RCP测定的影响。结果表明，HPLC和纸层析法均能有效分离标记物和游离碘，且HPLC测定这种标记物的RCP最为精确可信。在TCA沉淀法中，用0.2%的小牛血清白蛋白（BSA）测得的RCP最低,而用其它3个BSA浓度测得的RCP则无明显差异（P＞0.05）；当RCP＜10%时，TCA沉淀法与纸层析法测得的RCP间无明显差异（P＞0.05），而要高于HPLC（P＜0.01）；当RCP＞10%时，对¹²⁵I-TOC而言，TCA沉淀法要略低于HPLC和纸层析（P＜0.05），但后2种方法无明显差异（P＞0.05），且对¹²⁵I-F-PGA而言，3种方法无明显差异（P＞0.05）。3种方法两两之间显著相关（r=0.996～0.999，P＜0.001）。     

Synthesis, radiolabeling and animal studies of [131I]MPPI: A 5-HT1A imaging agent

The synthesis and biological evaluation of serotonin (5-HT1A) imaging agent [131I]-4-iodo-N-{2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-ethyl}-N-pridin-2-yl-benzamide ([131I]MPPI) are reported. The chemical structure of aimed compound and intermediates were confirmed by IR, 1HNMR, and MS. Radiochemical purity was above 99% determined by TLC. Biodistribution of [131I]MPPI in rats displayed high uptake in hippocampus and low uptake in cerebellum. The ratio of the uptake of [131I]MPPI in hippocampus to that in cerebellum was 2.90 at 30 min post injection. The radioactivity in thyroid was 0.069 and 0.128% ID/g organ at 5 min and 120 min,respectively, and it was increased with time, which suggests that in vivo deiodination may be the major route of metabolism. Ex vivo autoradiography of brain section displayed significant decrease of radioactivity in hippocampus when pretreated with 8-OH-DPAT, a selective 5HT1A agonist, compared with control. These findings strongly suggested that 131I-MPPI could be used as an in vivo marker for studies of pharmacology of the 5-HT1A receptor system in animals.     

N-琥珀酰亚胺3 -[125I]碘苯甲酸酯(S125IB) 的放射化学合成

利用Iodogen法成功地对N-琥珀酰亚胺 3-(三正丁基锡)苯甲酸酯(ATE)进行了放射性碘-125标记,利用Sep-Pak硅胶柱实现了干扰蛋白标记的ATE及Iodogen与S125IB的分离,得到了放射性碘间标蛋白质有用的中间体S125IB,标记率93%以上。并研究了影响标记的因素,得出较佳标记条件为:ATE与 Na125I摩尔比6:1、氧化剂 Iodogen用量7mg、室温反应5min。     

多巴胺D2受体显像剂99Tcm-m-Br-p-EBZM的合成

以与多巴胺有较高亲和力的2-溴-4-(1-乙基-吡咯烷基-2-甲基)-氨甲酰基-5-甲氧基-苯胺为母体进行结构改造,再与L,L-乙撑基胱氨酸二聚物(L,L-ethylenecysteine dimer,ECD)分子偶联合成了标记前体m-Br-p-EBZM,再通过两步法进行99Tcm标记,制备99Tcm-m-Br-p-EBZM,并对其进行了稳定性的考察.结果成功制备了99Tcm-m-Br-p-EBZM,放化纯度＞98%,且有较好的稳定性和较高的脂溶性.表明99Tcm-m-Br-p-EBZM可能成为理想的多巴胺受体显像剂.     

Preparation and Preliminary Biodistribution of No-Carrier-Added Meta［*I］ iodobenzylguanidine

No-carrier-added meta-［*I］iodobenzylguanidine((n.c.a.)［^123/131I］MIBG) has been considered to be promising diagnostic agents for oncology and cardiology, or as targeted radiotherapeutics for neuroendocrine tumors. The synthesis of a fluorous supported precursor for the purification without HPLC of n.c.a.［*I］MIBG was presented and its structure was determined. The precursor was labeled with radioactive iodine and the preliminary biodistribution of n.c.a.［*I］MIBG was studied. The uptake of n.c.a.［¹²⁵I］MIBG were significantly higher than that of c.a.［¹²⁵I］MIBG in heart, spleen, lung and adrenals. This facile preparation method of n.c.a.［*I］MIBG would allow its wider application in clinic.     

无载体放射性碘标记MIBG的制备及初步生物分布

无载体放射性碘标记间碘苄胍（no-carrier-added,n.c.a. ^123/131I-MIBG）在肿瘤、心肌显像和神经内分泌肿瘤的治疗方面有理论上优势。首先合成了以多氟化合物为支持体的标记前体,对该前体进行了放射性碘标记、纯化和初步生物分布实验。结果显示,无载体放射性碘¹²⁵I标记MIBG在正常小鼠的心、脾、肺和肾上腺中的摄取显著高于目前商用的放射性碘标记MIBG。利用该方法标记后产物不需要使用HPLC进行纯化,适用于大规模临床应用。     

多巴胺D2受体显像剂Epidepride的合成及其^131I标记

以3－甲氧基水杨酸为原料合成了Epidepride[S-(-)-N-[1-乙基－2－吡咯烷基]-5－碘－2,3－二甲氧基基甲酰胺]及其标记前体（S－（－）－5－（三正丁基锡）－N（1－乙基－2－吡咯烷基）甲基]2,3-二甲氧基苯甲酸酰胺）,并采用双氧水法对标记前体进行^131I标记,获得了^131I-epidepride,标记率和放化纯度均大于95％。132I-epidepride溶液体外稳定性好,4℃放置15d放化纯度仍大于90％。^131I-epidepride与D2受体亲和力高,大鼠脑内纹状体与小脑的摄取比在320min时高达237;在脑内纹状体的吸收可被Spiperone安全阻断。因此,^131I－epideride有望成为多巴胺D2受体SPECT显像剂。     

放射敏感性启动子调控CD基因/5-FC自杀系统慢病毒载体的构建及125I诱导表达的研究

合成了含8个CArG元件的放射敏感性启动子E8,将其连接于胞嘧啶脱氨酶（Cytosine Deaminase, CD）基因及GFP报告基因上游,构建了重组慢病毒载体pGC-FU-E8-codA-GFP。与慢病毒包装系统共转染293T细胞包装重组慢病毒颗粒E8-codA-GFP LV,研究重组慢病毒感染EJ细胞在不同剂量¹²⁵I的电离辐射下绿色荧光表达情况及其将5-FC转化为5-FU的能力。结果显示：构建的含有E8启动子及CD基因的重组慢病毒载体,包装的重组慢病毒滴度为2×10⁸TU/mL;经¹²⁵I照射的重组慢病毒感染EJ细胞均可观察到绿色荧光,其细胞上清液均可检测到5-FC转化成的5-FU紫外峰,其中55.5 kBq及74.0 kBq ¹²⁵I照射的细胞组绿色荧光明显,148 kBq ¹²⁵I照射的细胞组,其5-FU紫外峰最为明显。以上结果表明：本工作所构建的放射敏感性启动子调控CD基因/5-FC自杀系统重组慢病毒载体具有电离辐射调控作用,可在¹²⁵I的电离辐射作用下诱导下游基因表达,为放射性核素¹²⁵I联合CD基因/5-FC自杀系统对肿瘤细胞的治疗作用研究提供了实验基础。     

Synthesis and biodistribution of [131I]IMPY

The synthesis and biodistribution of β-amyloid plaques imaging agent [^131I]-2- （4′-dimethylaminophenyl）-6-iodoimidazo[1,2-α] pyridine （[^131I]IMPY） were reported. The chemical structure of the labeling precursor 2-（4′-dimethylaminophenyl）-6- （tributylstannyl） imidazo[1, 2-α] pyridine and all its intermediates were verified by IR,HNMR and MS. The radioiodinated compound was prepared using iododestannylation reaction by hydrogen peroxide. Final radiochemical purity was above 95% determined by TLC. The in vivo biodistribution of [^131I]IMPY in normal mice showed excellent brain uptake and washout, indicating this thioflavin-T based small molecular probe has potential for in vivo imaging amyloid deposits.