变形铝合金在汽车轻量化中的应用和挑战分析

汽车作为人们日常出行的主要交通工具，在为人们提供出行便利的同时，也消耗了大量资源，并给环境带来了污染。在节能减排的趋势下，汽车轻量化成为了汽车领域发展的重要方向，以降低能量消耗，减少对环境的污染。变形铝合金的应用促使汽车轻量化并保证了汽车的使用性能，使其能够稳定发展。本文分析了变形铝合金在汽车轻量化中的具体应用及面临的挑战，并供参考。     

汽车轻量化与先进的高强度钢板

介绍了国际汽车轻量化项目及其主要研究结果，着重论述了先进高强度钢板(AHSS)的生产、特点及其使用，结合国内汽车工业和宝钢的实际情况，探讨了今后在汽车轻量化过程中所应开展的工作。     

汽车轻量化用高强度钢板的发展

轻量化是汽车"减重节能"的需要,采用高强度钢板不但可以实现汽车的轻量化,同时还能提高汽车的被动安全性,因此高强度钢板在汽车上的使用日益增多.简要回顾了近年来国外汽车轻量化项目研究的成果,特别是高强度钢板的发展情况,结合汽车使用的部件,重点介绍了宝钢各类高强度钢板的特性及其使用情况,探讨了今后在汽车轻量化过程中所应开展的工作.     

国外钢铁企业开发出汽车部件液压成形工艺技术

汽车制造企业为提高竞争力，努力降低生产成本、减少钢材消耗，不断提高轻量化水平。这就对汽车零部件和车用钢材提出了新要求。因此，车用钢材的高性能和轻量化，成为钢铁生产企业满足汽车企业需求的一项研发课题。     

高油价将促进汽车用铝

我国石油资源日益短缺，作为消耗大户的汽车工业要想可持续发展，就必须着力于构建资源节约型和环境友好型产业。对汽车轻量化是我们必须做出的选择。要对汽车实施轻量化则就要大量使用新型材料，铝应在汽车制造中扮演更为重要的角色。     

汽车轻量化和冲撞安全性的钢铁材料与技术

作为地球变暖问题的对策，在汽车上的当务之急是降低燃耗和CO2排放量。因此，要求汽车上所有部件都应实现轻量化，其中车身的轻量化也是重要课题；同时，提高汽车的冲撞的安全性是必不可少的。     

铝在汽车上的应用前景

本文介绍铝在汽车轻量化、代替其它材料、汽车用铝回收以及铝在汽车节能等方面的应用，并预测了铝到２０００年在汽车工业上的应用前景。     

铝合金车身板材在汽车轻量化中的应用

文章分析了汽车轻量化的意义、铝合金材料的特点及性能优势,铝合金车身板材的生产工艺,并且重点阐述了铝合金车身板在汽车生产中的应用,进而分析总结出我国汽车轻量化进程中所面临的主要难题,为汽车轻量化的加速发展提供良好的借鉴和参考。     

铝合金材料在汽车轻量化领域应用的研究现状

汽车轻量化的发展符合“双碳”目标的诉求,汽车减重将是未来大势所趋。分别从铝合金材料的特性、汽车轻量化的发展、铝合金材料对汽车轻量化的影响以及铝合金材料在汽车车身、底盘、发动机和轮毂的应用进行了概述,并针对铝合金材料加工难度大、成本高等问题提出发展措施,显现了我国铝合金材料技术开发的紧迫性和必要性。     

轻量化与轻金属材料应用

在当今发动机技术提升难度日益加大、新能源汽车还无法大规模产业化的背景下,不论对传统燃油汽车,还是新能源汽车,汽车轻量化技术都是一项共性的基础技术。大力发展并推进汽车轻量化技术成为节能、环保的主要手段之一。出于节能减排、低碳环保的要求,汽车轻量化将是未来汽车工业的发展方向。     

Binding characteristics of anti-atrazine monoclonal antibodies and their fragments synthesised in bacteria and plants

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the potential effects of motor vehicle accident impact and injury characteristics on post-motor vehicle accident temporomandibular disorders in terms of presenting signs and symptoms, diagnoses, treatment regimens, and outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective chart review of 50 patients with post-motor vehicle accident temporomandibular disorders from a private oral medicine practice was undertaken. Various demographic data and data related to temporomandibular disorders and motor vehicle accident impact and injury characteristics were collected. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests and multiple regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Patients involved in front-end collisions or motor vehicle accidents resulting in severe vehicle damage reported more direct orofacial injury. However, those in rear-end collisions or accidents resulting in minimal vehicle damage required more treatment. Direct head or orofacial injury was therefore not a prognostic indicator. From multiple regression analyses, indicators of a poorer prognosis were minimal vehicle damage, lack of headrest use, driver position, and settlement of insurance claim. CONCLUSIONS: In this patients group several prognostic indicators for patients with post-motor vehicle accident temporomandibular disorders were identified; these indicators may influence the management approach for this patient population.     

Safety Analysis of Moving Road Vehicles on a Long Bridge under Crosswind

This paper presents a safety analysis of high-sided road vehicles running on a long span cable-stayed bridge when the road vehicle enters a sharp-edged crosswind gust while the bridge is oscillating under fluctuating winds. Road vehicle accidents, including overturning, excessive sideslip, and exaggerated rotation, are defined first. The mathematical model and the equation of motion of coupled road vehicle–bridge systems under crosswind are then established, which include road surface roughness, vehicle suspension, and the sideslip of the vehicle tire relative to the bridge deck in the lateral direction. A case study using a real long cable-stayed bridge and a high-sided road vehicle is finally conducted, and an extensive computational work is performed to obtain a series of accident vehicle speed against mean crosswind speed, by which the decision on the threshold of mean wind speed above which the bridge should be closed to the road vehicle can be made. The obtained accident vehicle speeds are also compared with those for the same vehicles running on the ground. It is shown that the oscillation of the cable-stayed bridge will lower the accident vehicle speed when wind speed reaches a certain level.     

X-ray symptomatology of chronic pancreatitis

Two vehicles for the intraperitoneal administration of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) were compared, using aspects of social behaviour in mice and 5 doses of delta9- THC, with vehicle alone and saline control groups. 10% propane-1,2-diol-1% Tween 80-saline (vehicle B) seemed to be more effective than 1% Tween 80-saline (vehicle A) since depressant effects of --1 delta9-THC on behaviour tended to occur at lower doses with this vehicle. Few differences in behaviour could be detected among the three control groups. In general the overall number of behavioural acts decreased with increasing doses of delta9-THC, but with vehicle B low doses selectively decreased the number of 'social' (including aggressive) as distinct from 'individual' acts. Low doses of the drug in vehicle A sometimes stimulated behaviour, whereas with vehicle B such doses mostly produced depression; however, 2.5 mg/kg delta9-THC, in either vehicle, markedly increased the percentage of animals which showed both aggression and flight acts--a rare combination among controls. Our findings are consistent with other evidence that propylene glycol is an effective vehicle for the i.p. administration of delta9-THC.     

基于单目线结构光的智能仓库车辆识别系统

为了实现钢铁企业智能仓库的车辆识别,提出通过基于机器视觉技术的智能仓库车辆识别方案。将面阵CCD相机及线结构光布置在车辆停车位上方拍摄车辆及结构光图像,首先通过张正友标定法及光平面空间原理完成相机与光平面标定;其次使用图像预处理算法及骨架法提取结构光光条中心线;然后通过引入车上、车下点的判别标准,精准识别车上边缘点,并引入车辆高度变量,得到车上边缘点由图像坐标向世界坐标的转化模型;最后根据车上3个边缘点坐标计算车辆位置信息,完成智能库区车辆方位识别。研究结果表明,所构建的测量系统及算法可以获取仓库车辆位置信息,通过标准件精度验证试验可知系统测量结果精确度较高,能够准确实时反映仓库车辆位置信息,这为智能仓库车辆位置检测提供了有效测量手段。     

基于单目线结构光的智能仓库车辆识别系统

为了实现钢铁企业智能仓库的车辆识别,提出通过基于机器视觉技术的智能仓库车辆识别方案。将面阵CCD相机及线结构光布置在车辆停车位上方拍摄车辆及结构光图像,首先通过张正友标定法及光平面空间原理完成相机与光平面标定;其次使用图像预处理算法及骨架法提取结构光光条中心线;然后通过引入车上、车下点的判别标准,精准识别车上边缘点,并引入车辆高度变量,得到车上边缘点由图像坐标向世界坐标的转化模型;最后根据车上3个边缘点坐标计算车辆位置信息,完成智能库区车辆方位识别。研究结果表明,所构建的测量系统及算法可以获取仓库车辆位置信息,通过标准件精度验证试验可知系统测量结果精确度较高,能够准确实时反映仓库车辆位置信息,这为智能仓库车辆位置检测提供了有效测量手段。     

Research advances of rare earth catalysts for catalytic purification of vehicle exhausts-Commemorating the 100th anniversary of the birth of Academician Guangxian Xu

Nowadays,air pollution has become a prominent environmental problem and has attracted much attention.With the increase of vehicle retention quantity,the exhaust emissions have become the main sources of air pollution.To reduce pollution and hazards,vehicle exhaust emission regulations are becoming stricter and stricter,which puts forward higher requirements for purification of vehicle exhausts.At present,rare earths have been widely applied in vehicle exhaust purification because of their good catalytic performance,which is attributed to their unique 4 f electron layer structure occupied without full electrons,excellent oxygen storage/release capacity and redox ability.In this paper,the current status of rare earth catalysts and application of rare earth in different fuel vehicle exhaust catalysts,including three-way catalysts(TWCs) for gasoline vehicles,diesel exhaust catalysts for different pollutants(particulate matter(PM),NO_x,CO and HC) and catalysts for new energy vehicles with different fuels,are summarized in detail.Meanwhile,the corresponding mechanisms and the role of rare earth in vehicle exhaust catalysts are also simultaneously described.Furthermore,the challenges and development directions of rare earth catalysts for the purification of vehicle exhausts are also proposed.     

宣钢GPS物流监控系统的应用

基于GIS、GPS和GPRS技术,开发了宣钢GPS物流监控系统,实现了物流车辆的精确定位,行车轨迹全记录,对“一车一路线”进出厂进行闭环管理,规范运行路线,缩短车辆在厂区内的滞留时间,实现了科学、高效、顺畅的物流管理.     

基于ANSYS的高炉推移小车有限元分析

文章对高炉推移小车进行了设计,确定了小车的外形尺寸及选材。通过建立小车的三维模型,本文在ANSYS中对小车进行了有限元静力分析,得到了其在特定载荷下的应力图及车架变形图,进一步校核了小车的强度。最后得出小车满足设计要求的结论。     

探讨露天矿山电动轮汽车运行安全管理

德兴铜矿铜厂露天矿作为特大型露天开采斑岩铜矿,矿床开拓采用的是汽车-胶带运输开拓方式,所有矿、岩的运输任务均由电动轮汽车完成.分析了采区电动轮汽车运行环境与作业特点,介绍了对电动轮运行安全的管理,剖析了电动轮汽车运行过程中发生事故的原因,详细阐述了该矿在2008年以后对电动轮汽车运行安全管理中的成功经验,对使用电动轮汽车的有色矿山安全管理提供了有益参考.     

Inflamed site-specific gene delivery using bone marrow-derived CD11b+CD18+ vehicle cells in mice

We report a novel technique that may allow site-specific gene delivery into inflamed tissues. Bone marrow cells from DBA/2 mice were incubated for 7 days in L-929 cell-conditioned medium containing elements that favor the development of mononuclear cells, such as colony-stimulating factors. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that 99.1 +/- 0.9% of the subcloned cells were positive for CD11b and CD18, both of which are ligands of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). These vehicle cells were labeled with a fluorescent lipophilic probe and returned intravenously to the DBA/2 mice. The mice then received, for 1 week, intraperitoneal injections of either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to enhance ICAM-1 expression in the glomerulus, or saline as a control. In the LPS-treated mice, labeled vehicle cells were detected within the glomerulus cross-section (gcs) 24 hr after the first injection (0.73 +/- 0.10/gcs). The number of labeled vehicle cells within the glomerulus gradually increased for 1 week (1.47 +/- 0.19/gcs) and decreased after discontinuation of the LPS injections. However, in the saline-treated control group, only a negligible number of vehicle cells could be detected in the glomerulus (0.05 +/- 0.03/gcs). A second administration of LPS 4 weeks after injection of the vehicle cells was also able to promote accumulation in the glomerulus. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the kinetics of the vehicle cell recruitment into the glomerulus corresponded to the level of ICAM-1 expression. On the assumption that the LPS-induced ICAM-1 expression may regulate the site and timing of the delivery of vehicle cells into the glomerulus, vehicle cells were transduced with human glucocerebrosidase (GC) gene, using an adenovirus vector, and reintroduced into the mice. The basal expression of GC gene in the isolated glomeruli of vehicle cell-treated mice rose by 1.7-fold compared with endogenous activity, whereas the GC activity was enhanced 3.2-fold by LPS treatment. Polymerase chain reaction designed to detect human GC-specific sequence revealed that isolated glomeruli of vehicle cell-treated mice contained exclusively the vehicle cell-oriented GC. This indicates that vehicle cells can be used to carry a certain gene to a specific inflamed site. Injection of vehicle cells, with or without LPS, had small effect on urinary protein excretion or serum creatinine levels. These findings suggest that our novel method allows site-specific gene delivery into inflamed glomeruli through interaction of adhesion molecules.