高稳定性Buck型DC/DC变换器设计

提出了一种基于模拟反馈的高稳定性Buck型DC/DC变换器的结构,使得电路在输入电压和负载变化时,具有输出电压稳定,波动范围和纹波小的特点.根据基于UMC 0.18μm工艺下的模型参数,使用Hspice对整个变换器进行仿真,给出了仿真结果表明电路设计的正确性.     

双降压式DC/DC转换器LM2717-ADJ

LM2717-ADJ是国半公司最近推出的新产品,是一种由两个PWM降压式转换器组成的双输出、电压可调的IC。该器件主要特点：第1路降压式转换器的内部开关管的开关电流可达2．2A（RDS（ON）=0．16Ω）;第2路降压式转换器的内部开关管的开关电流可达3．2A（RDS（ON）=0．16Ω）;输入电压范围4～20V;输出电压可由两外设电阻设定,最低电压为1．267V;开关频率可设定在300～600kHz范围内;内部有输入欠压保护及过热保护;24引脚TSSOP封装;工作温度范围-40℃～＋125℃。     

Steady-state analysis and design of a buck zero-current-switchingresonant DC/DC converter

An analytic basis is provided for a buck high-efficiency high-frequency zero-current-switching resonant DC/DC power converter. The current and voltage waveforms are derived for the steady-state operation. Design equations are then introduced for the switch duty cycle, maximum switching frequency, DC transfer function, peak currents and voltages, output power, and power conversion capability. Finally, the design procedure is presented along with the advantages and disadvantages of the converter, which are discussed in detail     

一种新型交错并联同相降压升压DC/DC转换器

为了有效降低电流纹波和提高转换器效率,提出一种新型交错并联同相降压升压DC/DC转换器。提出的结构通过采用输入/输出（I/O）磁耦合交错并联和阻尼网络技术,降低了开关的电压应力、内部电压振荡和I/O电流纹波,并提升了转换器的效率。采用状态空间平均法,在连续导通模式下分析了提出转换器的稳态运行,从理论上证明了其优势。样机的功率设置为360W,输出电压为36 V,模拟结果以及实验结果显示,当输出电流为6A时,转换效率最高达到96%,最大输入电流纹波百分比仅为9.4%,相较于其他类似转换器,提出的转换器具有效率较高和I/O电流纹波较低的优势。     

A monolithic buck DC–DC converter with on-chip PWM circuit

A monolithic CMOS voltage-mode, buck DC–DC converter with integrated power switches and new on-chip pulse-width modulation (PWM) technique of switching control is presented in this paper. The PWM scheme is constructed by a CMOS ring oscillator, which duty is compensated by a pseudo hyperbola curve current generator to achieve almost constant frequency operation. The minimum operating voltage of this voltage-mode buck DC–DC converter is 1.2 V. The proposed buck DC–DC converter with a chip area of 0.82 mm² is fabricated with a standard 0.35-μm CMOS process. The experimental results show that the converter is well regulated over an output range from 0.3 to 1.2 V, with an input voltage of 1.5 V. The maximum efficiency of the converter is 88%, and its efficiency is kept above 80% over an output power ranging from 30 to 300 mW.     

一种新型的buck／boost直流—直流变换器的分析和设计

本文在传统的buck/boost直流一直流变换器的基础上,通过在开关两端加入反向二极管,并引入谐振电路构成一种新型的电路形式。这种电路具有零电压开关特性,因而有效地消除了开关过程的功耗,提高了转换效率。通过对电路的稳态分析,求出了状态表达式,导出了无损工作条件,并在此基础上,提出了这种电路的设计方案。     

Analysis and design of a DC/DC converter using square-wave outputresonant inverter

The operating modes of a square-wave output resonant inverter when used in a high-frequency link DC/DC converter are presented and analyzed. The condition of minimum turn-off time for the switches in the discontinuous current mode is obtained. A simple design procedure for the DC/DC converter is presented and illustrated by an example. Experimental results obtained from a prototype converter are presented to verify the theory     

Optimum buck converter with a single switch

A new DC-DC power converter with only one active switch operating at a constant switching frequency and with low-current and voltage stress is proposed. The conduction losses are minimized because of the ability to use a minimum number of elements in the path of direct energy transfer from the input to the load. Furthermore, because only one switch is used, the design of the control circuit is greatly simplified. The new power converter achieves soft switching for the diodes and zero-current switching (ZCS) at turn on for the active switch     

Torus birth bifurcations in a DC/DC converter

Considering a pulsewidth modulated dc/dc converter as an example, this paper describes a border-collision bifurcation that can lead to the appearance of quasi-periodicity in piecewise-smooth dynamical systems. We demonstrate how a two-dimensional torus can arise from a periodic orbit through a bifurcation in which two complex-conjugate Poincare characteristic multipliers jump abruptly from the inside to the outside of the unit circle. The torus may be ergodic or resonant. However, in both cases the diameter of the torus develops approximately linearly with the distance to the bifurcation point as opposed to the characteristic parabolic form of the well-known Neimark-Sacker bifurcation. The paper also considers the birth of a torus via a subcritical Neimark-Sacker bifurcation in the piecewise-smooth system. Particular emphasis is given to the development of resonance zones via border-collision bifurcations.     

Current-source parallel-resonant DC/DC converter

This paper introduces, analyzes, and experimentally verifies a novel DC/DC converter called the current-source parallel-resonant converter. The converter consists of a large choke inductor, two switches, and a parallel-resonant circuit. Each switch consists of a MOSFET in series with a diode. It has a nonpulsating input current with a very low AC ripple. The MOSFETs are driven with respect to ground and, therefore, have a simple gate-drive circuit. The analysis of the converter is carried out in the frequency domain using Fourier series techniques. Analytical expressions are derived for performance parameters of the converter. A prototype of the converter circuit was designed, built, and tested. The theoretical results were in good agreement with the experimental results     

一种双向DC/DC变换器的研究与设计

本系统以TPS4530为核心设计了高效率的DC/DC变换电路,此电路是用脉宽调制工作方式,通过开关管把直流电斩成方波并调节方波的占空比来改变电压,来达到对电池恒流充电的效果;通过L7805CV正电压稳压器模块作为系统的辅助电源,方便控制。本系统具有过流保护及热关断功能,并以数码管显示其电流的变化。     

Digital control of a voltage-mode synchronous buck converter

A digital control algorithm capable of separately specifying the desired output voltage and transient response for a synchronous buck converter operating in voltage mode was developed. This algorithm is based on superimposing a small control signal onto a voltage reference at each switching cycle to cancel out the perturbations. A zero steady-state error in the output voltage can be obtained with the aid of additional dynamics to allow the controller to track a load change and update the reference to a new load state. The specifications of the control algorithm are achieved by pole placement using complete state feedback. The control algorithm was implemented on a digital signal processor (DSP)-controlled synchronous buck converter.     

同步整流Buck变换器的损耗分析

文中在以往只粗略计算电感损耗、电容损耗及开关损耗的基础上,以一款低电压大电流同步整流降压变换器为例,详细分析了各个元器件上功率损耗,包括电感上的铜损与铁损,电容等效串联电阻的损耗,MOSFET上的开关损耗、导通损耗、截止损耗、驱动损耗、寄生体二极管损耗等,从而得到直流降压变换器的整体损耗与实际效率。从效率曲线可以看出,变换器效率随着输出电流的增加而增加,并很快趋于饱和。而通过损耗分析可知,要降低损耗提高效率,尤其对于低电压大电流输出的降压变换器,不仅可以采用同步整流技术来降低导通压降,还可以根据各损耗所占比重大小选用更优元器件,如低直流电阻的电感,低导通电阻、低上升下降时间的NMOS管等。     

一种Buck变换器中的误差放大器设计

基于系统稳定性的分析和负载瞬态响应的需求,本文设计了一种用于电流模式恒定导通时间(COT)架构DC-DC降压Buck变换器的高性能误差放大器并提出系统补偿方案。该误差放大器在保证频率特性良好的同时,具备高增益、补偿网络简单的优点。文中对所提出的电路结构以及系统补偿方案进行了详细的说明与理论推导,并使用Simplis软件对系统相位裕度进行仿真,最后基于0.18μm BCD(Bipolar CMOS DMOS)工艺,使用Hspice软件对电路进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明:电源电压为2.7～5.5 V、输出电压为1.8 V时,系统的相位裕度位于62.5°到69.3°之间,负载瞬态恢复时间最大仅为17.3μs。     

Pseudo-resonant full bridge DC/DC converter

A DC-DC power converter topology that combines the ease of control and wide range of conventional DC-DC converters, with low switching losses, low dv/dt and low electromagnetic interference that is typical of zero voltage switched resonant converters is proposed. Consequently, the ratings of these components are substantially lower than for similarly rated resonant topologies. While resonant elements are used to ensure zero voltage switching of all devices, they have little or no role in the actual power transfer and can thus be reasonably sized. As the resonant elements are not involved in the primary power transfer, the converter is referred to as a pseudo-resonant converter. It is shown that the converter offers significantly higher levels of performance than either the pulse width-modulated (PWM) or typical resonant converters. Operation at very high frequencies is possible and is shown with the fabrication of a 200 W 1 MHz DC-DC converter     

Efficiency improvement of a DC/DC converter using LTCC substrate

We propose a substrate with high thermal conductivity, manufactured by the low‐temperature co‐fired ceramic (LTCC) multilayer circuit process technology, as a new DC/DC converter platform for power electronics applications. We compare the reliability and power conversion efficiency of a converter using the LTCC substrate with the one using a conventional printed circuit board (PCB) substrate, to demonstrate the superior characteristics of the LTCC substrates. The power conversion efficiencies of the LTCC‐ and PCB‐based synchronous buck converters are 95.5% and 94.5%, respectively, while those of nonsynchronous buck converters are 92.5% and 91.3%, respectively, at an output power of 100 W. To verify the reliability of the LTCC‐based converter, two types of tests were conducted. Storage temperature tests were conducted at ?20 °C and 85 °C for 100 h each. The variation in efficiency after the tests was less than 0.3%. A working temperature test was conducted for 60 min, and the temperature of the converter was saturated at 58.2 °C without a decrease in efficiency. These results demonstrate the applicability of LTCC as a substrate for power conversion systems.     

DC-DC转换器架构提升并联操作

为了提升功率水平或提供冗余备份，设计师都会并联多个供电器或DC/DC转换器。无论他们选用的是哪一种并联模式，均流是十分重要的考虑因素。因为备有均流的架构，可以减轻热处理要求，改善瞬态反应，同时可以延长同一数组内的模块寿命。目前两种最常采用的并联方法是驱动器/倍增器（主/从）数组及DC耦合单线并联，但两者各有缺点，设计师需要一种可以兼备传统并联方法的优点，同时避免它的缺点的方法。有一种由具有智能的模块组成的数组，利用单线AC连接模块，在同一时间内只有一个模块发出指令，可以满足他们的需要，只需要用极简单的…     

Bifurcation behavior of the buck converter

The DC-DC buck power converter, a widely used chopper circuit, exhibits subharmonics and chaos if current feedback is used. This paper investigates the dependence of the system behavior on its parameters. The bifurcation phenomena and a mapping of the parameter space have been presented. This knowledge is vital for designing practical circuits     

Wireless PWM control of a parallel DC-DC buck converter

We demonstrate a new concept for wireless pulse-width modulation (PWM) control of a parallel dc-dc buck converter. It eliminates the need for multiple physical connections of gating/PWM signals among the distributed converter modules. The new scheme relies on radio-frequency (RF) based communication of the PWM control signals from a master to the slave modules. We analyze the system stability and demonstrate the experimental effectiveness of the wireless control scheme for a two-module parallel buck converter for 10-kHz and 20-kHz switching frequencies and for channel lengths of 1.5 and 15ft, respectively. The proposed control concept may lead to easier distributed control implementation of parallel dc-dc converters and distributed power systems, and may lead to redundancy that is achievable using droop method. It may also be used as a backup for wire-based control of parallel converters to provide fault tolerance.