中子辐照对IGBT特性的影响

简要分析了ＩＧＢＴ器件的工作机理,制作了２０Ａ／１０５０Ｖ的ＩＧＢＴ芯片,给出了测试结果。对试制芯片进行了中子辐照实验,对比了辐照前后器件的关断特性。     

辐照对IGBT特性的影响

阐述了中子辐照对ＩＧＢＴ特性的影响，给出了器件在中子辐射注量高达１０＾１３ｎ／ｃｍ＾２时的实验结果。实验发现，随着中子注量的增加，开关时间缩短，阈值电压漂移。对于所研究的注量范围，所观察的效应是由于ＩＧＢＴ少子寿命减少造成的，而不是由于有效掺杂浓度变化所致。     

辐照对IGBT特性的影响

本文简述了中子辐照对ＩＧＢＴ特性的影响，给出了器件在中国辐射注量高达１０＾１３ｎ／ｃｍ＾２时的实验结果。实验发现，随着中子注量的增加，开关进行缩短，阈值电压漂移。对于所研究的注量范围，观察的效应是由于ＩＧＢＴ少子寿命减少造成的，而不是由于有效掺杂浓度变化所致。     

绝缘栅双极晶体管（IGBT）

绝缘栅双极晶体管（ＩＧＢＴ）是近十多年来为适应电力电子技术发展而出现的新型器件。本文着重介绍它的结构、工作机理、静态特性、动态特性以及主要参数，为使用该类器件奠定基础，并对ＩＧＢＴ的应用作了介绍。     

IGBT作为硬开关和软开关应用的模拟

建立了用ＰＳＰＩＣＥ软件包模拟ＩＧＢＴ特性的等效电路模型,并利用此模型模拟了ＩＧＢＴ的硬开关和软开关特性。模拟结果表明,ＩＧＢＴ作为硬开关的关断电流波形由器件本身决定;作为软开关的关断电流波形则外电路决定,即由与器件相关联接的缓冲电容Ｃｓ决定,得到的结论是,器件与电路的互相影响能够有效地用来折中器件的功率损耗与开关速度。     

IGBT作为硬开关和软开关应用的模拟

建立了用ＰＳＰＩＣＥ软件包模拟ＩＧＢＴ特性的等效电路模型,并利用此模型模拟了ＩＧＢＴ的硬开关和软开关特性。模拟结果表明,ＩＧＢＴ作为硬开关的关断电流波形由器件本身决定;作为软开关的关断电流波形则由外电路决定,即由与器件相联接的缓冲电容Ｃｓ决定。得到的结论是,器件与电路的互相影响能够有效地用来折中器件的功率损耗与开关速度。     

高性能IGBT模块的设计考虑

本文对ＩＧＢＴ模块中功率芯片（ＩＧＢＴ和续流二极管）的优化设计进行了讨论。通过优化几个重要的工艺参数并改进器件的结构，ＩＧＢＴ不仅有足够的短路容量，而且正向压降与电流下降时间之间可实现最佳折衷。另外，续流二极管的反向恢复特性也有明显改善。通过采用衬底控制技术，ＩＧＢＴ模块的输出特性不受温度的影响，输出电流更稳，输出阻抗更高。本文详细介绍了整个设计考虑。     

提高IGBT开关速度的技术

简要分析了ＩＧＢＴ（绝缘栅双极晶体管）的工作机理,制作了２０Ａ／１０５０Ｖ的ＩＧＢＴ芯片,给出了测试结果,并对试制样品中辐照前后的关断特性作了详细的比较和讨论。     

新型功率器件IGBT研制

简述了ＩＧＢＴ的设计技术和制造工艺。对ＩＧＢＴ的Ｉ－Ｖ特性，开关特性及闩锁效应了系统的研究，结合实际工艺对ＩＧＢＴ的版图及工艺进行了优化设计，合作开发了适于制作ＩＧＢＴ的异型厚外延材料。成功地制作了１０Ａ／８００Ｖ，２０Ａ／１０５０Ｖ的ＩＧＢＴ芯片，给出了试制样品的测试结果。     

新型功率器件IGBT研制

本文简述了ＩＧＢＴ的设计技术和制造工艺，对ＩＧＢＴ的Ｉ－Ｖ特性，开关特性及闩锁效应进行了系统的研究，结合实施工艺对ＩＧＢＴ的版 图及工艺进行了优化设计。合作开发了适于制作ＩＧＢＴ的异型厚外延材料，成功地制了１０Ａ／８００Ｖ，２０Ａ／１０５０Ｖ的ＩＧＢＴ芯片，给出了试制样品的测试结果。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first