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地磁场中应力对磁畴组织结构影响的试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
金属磁记忆检测技术是一种能对铁磁构件早期损伤进行有效诊断的无损检测技术。为进一步探索研究金属磁记忆检测的机理,选用粉纹法对Q235平板试样的磁畴结构进行观察,研究地磁场中不同应力状态下该铁磁材料的磁畴结构的变化特征,并且利用高精度弱磁检测装置获取其试件表面的漏磁信号规律。试验结果表明:随外载荷的改变,被观察部位的磁畴类型、畴壁形态有显著性变化,且不同区域的磁畴转变快慢不同但变化趋势相近;同时,随外载荷的增大,试件表面漏磁信号增大。验证了地磁场中铁磁材料的磁畴结构受应力作用发生磁畴移动与转向,并且在应力撤出后这种改变得以保留的规律。为铁磁材料磁记忆检测微观机理的进一步探索研究提供可靠、有效的试验依据。 相似文献
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为研究汽车驱动桥壳再制造的金属磁记忆检测,选用510L钢拉伸试样,分析了塑性应变不同阶段磁记忆信号的变化规律;以材料拉伸试验为基础,针对废旧驱动桥壳进行磁记忆损伤检测及变形量检测,得到了桥壳变形量与磁记忆信号特征值的关系。结果表明,随着应变量的增大,拉伸试样表面磁记忆信号法向分量Hp(y)由斜线、无异变峰变化为反转且出现过零点,磁记忆信号法向分量梯度Kmax早期缓慢增大,颈缩时出现快速增大;桥壳的变形检测显示,桥壳变形量与Kmax存在量化关系,当桥壳发生较大变形时,梯度Kmax发生突变,磁记忆检测可为再制造损伤评估提供依据。 相似文献
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针对磁记忆检测技术在焊缝缺陷等级定量识别中模糊性和分散性的难题,提出以模糊c均值聚类算法为理论基础的焊缝缺陷等级磁记忆定量识别模型。以Q235焊接试件为试验材料,进行疲劳拉伸试验。对比X射线检测定量标准,确定磁记忆焊缝缺陷量化等级,提取不同等级的磁记忆信号征参数向量,通过训练样本的学习选取最优模糊加权指数m,建立了基于模糊c均值聚类算法的焊缝缺陷等级磁记忆定量识别模型。模型验证结果表明,预测损伤等级的准确率达到了90%,为实际工程中准确区分焊缝缺陷等级提供理论依据和新的思路。 相似文献
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拉伸及疲劳载荷对低碳钢磁记忆信号的影响 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
为探索金属磁记忆现象的物理本质,深入研究载荷对磁记忆检测信号的影响,在MTS810型液压伺服试验机上对低碳钢板状试件分别施加静载拉伸载荷及拉-拉疲劳载荷,采用EMS-2003型金属磁记忆与涡流诊断仪检测加载过程中磁记忆信号的变化。结果表明:施加载荷前试件表面的初始磁状态不同;加载过程中两种加载方式均使磁记忆信号曲线由初始的随机分布转变为较有规律分布,静载拉伸试件弹性变形阶段与塑性变形阶段的磁信号曲线具有明显差异,疲劳试验不同循环周次下磁信号曲线相似;断裂瞬间断口处磁信号激变,两端极性相反;疲劳加载过程中过零点由初始磁状态的随机位置逐渐漂移集中在断口处。 相似文献
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以声发射技术为基础,针对油气储运常用材料Q235的点蚀过程,利用试件在模拟溶液中点蚀过程产生的声发射信号为样本,采用参量分析与波形分析相结合,重点研究Q235钢点蚀过程中产生的声发射信号的变化特征,得到了金属点蚀不同阶段的声发射信号特性,并通过声发射信号事件的分布规律,得到了Q235钢早期腐蚀与声发射信号演变的一致性结果。试验证明了声发射技术为基础的Q235钢点蚀过程监测具有良好效果。 相似文献
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基于GMR效应的金属磁记忆检测方法与应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对铁磁性构件疲劳暗伤部位产生的磁记忆信号特征,采用基于GMR效应的金属磁记忆检测方法,开发出一套基于GMR效应传感器的磁记忆检测系统。以TI公司TMS320LF2407A芯片为处理器核心;信号放大采用差分放大器,提高系统抗干扰能力;采用16位A/D转换芯片提高数据采集精度;采用自适应滤波运算去除信号中的混杂噪音。最后对5个不同应变阶段510 L车桥板材的拉伸试样磁记忆检测信号进行分析,结果表明:基于GMR效应的磁传感器能够灵敏、精确地检测出铁磁性试样的磁记忆信号Hp(y),灵敏度达到6.9 mV/(A·m-1);铁磁性材料试样在进行拉伸试验时,随着拉伸试样载荷的增加,磁记忆信号在过零点处的梯度值也随之增大。 相似文献
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Zhang LiZhang YufengHuo LixingSchool of Material Scienceand Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China 《机械工程学报(英文版)》2004,17(3):346-348
To investigate the effect of dynamic loading on fracture behavior of welded joints of structural steel Q23SB and 16Mn in common use and compare the earthquake resistances of the two kinds of materials, dynamic tension and fracture toughness tests are carried out at room temperature. On the basis of the tests, the stress-strain fields near the crack tip of the compact specimens are analyzed by three-dimensional finite element model. The test results and finite element analysis results show that, the fracture toughness of welds and base metal of 16Mn steel increases with the increment of loading rate. Compared with 16Mn steel, Q235B steel is more sensitive to dynamic loading. The fracture toughness of welds of Q235B is comparatively low under static loading and dynamic loading at room temperature. Compared with the static loading, the fracture toughness of Q235B parent metal under dynamic loading decreases by about four times. Therefore, it can be concluded that compared with 16Mn steel, the earthquake re 相似文献
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In order to explore the quantitative method of metal magnetic memory testing(MMMT) and clarify the relationship between Hp(y), the normal component of spontaneous stray field, and applied stress or residual stress, the static tensile tests of 0.45%C steel sheet specimens are carried out on a servo hydraulic MTS810 machine. Hp(y) values are measured during the test process by an EMS-2003 metal magnetic memory diagnostic apparatus and a non-magnetic electric control displacement instrument. Residual stresses of some points on the surface of a specimen are measured by a Stress Tech X-Stress 3000 X-ray diffraction instrument. The results show that the same variation rules of Hp(y) value versus applied tensile stress are presented under the different conditions of load-on and load-off. However, the same rule does not exist between the Hp(y) value and residual stress. The variation of Hp(y) value reflects the history of applied tensile stress. 相似文献
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To study the characteristics of metal magnetic memory (MMM) signals of different steels during tensile test, static tension tests were applied to 30 pieces of Q235 and 16MnR base metal and welded specimens. During the various deformation periods, MMM signals are tested, and micrometallographic is observed. Furthermore, the derivative of magnetic intensity (dHp/dx) is analyzed by mathematical and statistical methods to study the macro and micro corresponding relationships and difference among magnetic signals. Results show that despite the different magnetic intensity (Hp) curves of different materials, their dHp/dx patterns in the yielding and necking stages are the same; welded specimens have the similar magnetic signal curves with their base metal, and the welded structure does not interfere with its Hp distribution; different materials have their unique zero point (Hp=0) before being fractured, which is independent of the fracture location; there is a direct relationship between the intragranular slip and the changes of magnetic signals, which indicates the uneven plastic deformation. 相似文献
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疏浚工程中,输送管道内壁面受到泥砂浆的持续冲刷,导致管道冲蚀磨损严重。为选择输合理的输送管道材质,以提高疏浚管道的抗冲蚀性能,降低其维修和更换频率,采用冲蚀试验与理论分析的方法,以常见管材Q235为参照对象,对比5种可用于制作耐磨排泥管道的耐磨金属材料的冲蚀性能,包括Cr15铸铁、Cr26铸铁、Fedur®40合金、中锰钢、信铬钢。根据材料表面扫描电镜(SEM)图像,分析不同冲蚀角度下材料磨损类型。结果表明:冲蚀磨损过程中,各耐磨金属材料同时承受多种磨损作用,合金材料中起支撑作用的软质组分容易因切削、塑性疲劳断裂等因素而被剥离,而较硬的碳化物等组分则在松动后容易被颗粒撞击脱落;除Q235外,其余材料的磨损率均随着冲蚀角度的增加而增大;信铬钢、Fedur®40合金在中、小冲蚀角度下的耐磨性能表现优秀,若价格与加工性能合适,建议选作疏浚管道金属材料。 相似文献
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当应力达到临界屈服点时,铁磁性金属构件将产生塑性形变,造成重大的安全隐患。金属磁记忆检测技术可以快速、有效地检测出应力集中区域,但是,目前尚无有效的方法对临界屈服点处的磁记忆信号特征进行定量化分析。采用基于密度泛函理论的线性缀加平面波法(LAPW),建立了磁力学耦合模型,分析了临界屈服点的磁记忆信号特征,计算了弹性形变和塑性形变范围内,体系的差分电荷密度、原子磁矩、晶格结构随应力的变化关系。研究结果表明:随着应力的增加,固体中原子之间的结合力逐渐减弱,晶格结构的稳定性变差;当应力达到临界屈服点时,固体发生相变,磁记忆信号产生突变,磁记忆效应减弱。理论计算结果与实验结果具有很好的一致性。 相似文献