Change in glutathione S-transferase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activities in the organs of mice treated with 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide or its oxidation products

We have analyzed the immediate and mid-term (1 and 2 years) results of percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) by Inoue's catheter in 97 patients < 60 years (Group A) compared with 34 patients > 60 years (Group B). In 61% Group A the patients were in NYHA functional class II, 36% in III, and 3% in I; in Group B, 56% of the patients were in NYHA functional class III, 38% in II, and 6% in IV. Mean mitral valve area was 1.1 cm2 before dilatation in both groups, and a significant (p < 0.0001) increase was obtained in both Group A (0.9 +/- 0.3 cm2) and Group B (0.8 +/- 0.3 cm2). No significant differences were observed between the two groups. Mean transvalvular gradient decreased significantly (p < 0.0001) from 13.6 +/- 5.7 to 7.2 +/- 3.1 mmHg in Group A, and from 9.9 +/- 4 to 6.5 +/- 2.3 mmHg in Group B (A vs B: p < 0.02). Optimal result was obtained in 94% and 88% of Group A and Group B patients, respectively. Suboptimal result was obtained in 2% and 6% of Group A and Group B patients, respectively. These differences were not significant. Failure of PMV occurred in 4% and 6%, respectively. At 1-year follow-up Group A 7 patients and 5 Group B patients showed restenosis; at 2-year follow-up one more restenosis was present in Group A (A vs B at 1 and 2 years: NS). We conclude that PMV is a safe and effective technique in young patients and in patients > 60 years.     

Effect of synthesis time on morphology of CeO_2 nanoparticles and Au/CeO_2 and their activity in oxidative steam reforming of methanol

Ceria(CeO_2)supports,synthesized by hydrothermal treatment with different synthesis time(CeO_2-X h,where X is the synthesis time in h)in the presence of the surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide,were used as supports for gold(Au)catalysts.The synthesis time significantly affects the morphological structure and crystallite size of CeO_2,where CeO_2-2 h has the smallest crystallite size with coexisting nanorods and nanoparticles.Transmission electron microscopy analysis confirms the morphology of CeO_2 with distinctive(110),(100)and(111)planes,in agreement with interplanar spacings of 0.19,0,27 and 0.31,respectively.However,the morphology of CeO_2-8 h and CeO_2-48 h is mainly a truncated octahedral with crystal planes(111)and(100)accompanied by an interplanar spacing of 0.31 and0.27 nm,respectively.The CeO_2-X h supports and those with a 3 wt%Au loading(Au/CeO_2-X h)were investigated in the oxidative steam reforming of methanol at temperatures between 200 and 400 ℃.The Au/CeO_2-2 h gave the highest methanol conversion level and hydrogen yield at a low temperature of 250 ℃.This superior catalytic performance results from the good interaction between the metal and support and the well-distributed Au species on the CeO_2 support.     

Influence of CeO_2 loading on structure and catalytic activity for NH_3-SCR over TiO_2-supported CeO_2

A series of supported CeO_2/TiO_2 catalysts were prepared to explore the influence of CeO_2 loading on these catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of NO_3 by NH_3(NH_3-SCR).The catalysts were investigated in detail by means of XRD,Raman,H_2-TPR,NH_3-TPD,XPS,in situ DRIFTS,and NH3-SCR reaction.The activity of the catalyst is closely related to the content of CeO_2.When the loading of CeO_2 is near the dispersion capacity(1.16 mmol Ce~(4+)/100 m~2 TiO_2),the catalytic activity is better.This may be because that the dispersed CeO_2 is the active species and the catalyst has appropriate redox property,along with the larger amounts of surface Ce content and surface adsorbed oxygen species.Finally,a possible reaction mechanism via the Langmuir-Hinshelwood(L-H) mechanism is tentatively proposed to further understand the NH_3-SCR reaction.     

烧结矿适宜的SiO2质量分数和碱度

 研究了烧结矿适宜的SiO2质量分数和碱度,用来指导生产具有良好经济技术指标的烧结矿。首先对青钢烧结用铁矿粉进行了基础性能分析,并结合青钢烧结矿生产实际采用烧结杯进行试验,设计了4种SiO2质量分数和3种碱度,研究SiO2质量分数和碱度对烧结生产经济技术指标的影响。研究结果表明,烧结矿二元碱度为1.9,SiO2质量分数为5.4%时,烧结杯试验能取得良好的经济技术指标。借助扫描电镜（SEM）对烧结矿微观结构进行观察,发现随着SiO2质量分数的增加,烧结矿内液相量和溶蚀结构逐渐增多,烧结矿化学成分均匀化,但SiO2质量分数达到5.7%时,烧结矿内硅酸盐类物质过分发展,反而使得烧结矿质量劣化。碱度的提高有利于铁酸钙的发展和黏结相比例的增加,从而提高烧结矿还原性,改善烧结矿质量,但碱度为2.0时也存在玻璃质增多的现象。     

易切削不锈钢中氧含量和锻造比对硫化物形态及切削性能的影响

摘要：易切削不锈钢中硫化物的类型和形貌对切削性能具有重要影响。运用扫面电镜分析、热力学计算、锻造实验、切削实验等方法研究了氧含量和锻造比对易切削不锈钢中硫化物的类型和形貌的影响,以及对切削性能的影响。实验结果表明：随着铸态钢中氧含量的增加,MnS包裹(Mn,Cr)O等氧化物的复合硫化物数量增多,第Ⅰ类硫化物的比例上升,硫化物数量减小,尺寸和面积比增加。在锻造过程中,高氧含量（TO质量分数0.021%）钢样中复合硫化物沿锻造方向变形较小,平均长宽比小于3,钢中硫化物呈纺锤形或球形均匀分布。切削实验发现,高氧含量钢样（TO质量分数0.021%）比低氧含量钢样（TO质量分数0.007%）具有更小的切削力和表面粗糙度,刀具使用寿命增加了44.1%,切削性能整体得到提高。     

MgO对高碱度高铝烧结矿的影响

 随着钢铁企业高铝铁矿粉使用比例的提高,带来了高炉炉渣黏度增大、渣铁分离困难等一系列问题。采用烧结杯试验,研究了MgO含量增加对高碱度高铝烧结矿经济技术指标、冷强度和冶金性能的影响,采用Nova400 NanoSEM型场发射扫描电子显微镜分析了烧结矿微观结构。试验结果表明,高碱度高铝烧结矿中MgO质量分数从1.72%提高到2.49%时,垂直烧结速度降低4.38 mm/min,利用系数降低0.51 t/(m2·h),低温还原粉化指数增加6.7%;当烧结矿中MgO质量分数为2.11%时,转鼓指数和还原度最高,分别达到61.93%和86.39%;Mg2+主要固溶在磁铁矿晶格中并替代Fe2+,替代的质量分数最高达3.64%,生成的含镁磁铁矿抑制烧结矿降温过程中由Fe₃O₄→Fe₂O₃氧化过程的相变,减少了二次赤铁矿的生成,有利于改善烧结矿的低温还原粉化性能。研究结果可以为改善高碱度高铝烧结矿性能和提高炉渣流动性提供理论指导和参考依据。     

Al2O3质量分数对高碱度烧结矿软熔滴落性能影响

 对Al2O3质量分数不同的高碱度烧结矿进行了荷重软化熔滴试验,并通过对不同温度下烧结矿微观结构和矿物组成的分析,进行了Al2O3质量分数对烧结矿软熔滴落性能影响机制的探讨。试验结果表明：Al2O3质量分数增加促进了还原过程中钙铝黄长石(2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2)和浮士体共晶相(2CaO·SiO2-2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2-FeO)等低熔点富铝相的生成,导致高Al2O3烧结矿在较低温度下出现开气孔孔隙封闭,从而降低了压差陡升温度。在熔融滴落阶段,高Al2O3烧结矿中渣相的Al2O3质量分数较高。存在于金属铁颗粒之间渣相的液相线和黏度随Al2O3质量分数增加而提高,在一定程度上降低金属铁颗粒的聚合,使得烧结矿的滴落温度提高。同时,高Al2O3烧结矿具有较宽的熔滴区间,使得熔融滴落区间的透气性较差。     

碱度对镁质熔剂性球团矿强度的影响机理

为探索碱度对镁质熔剂性球团矿强度的影响机理,以唐山某钢厂原料为基础,通过造球和焙烧试验,采用XRD、偏光显微镜、场发射扫描电镜分析和Matlab软件计算分析,分别从球团矿矿物组成、液相生成和微观结构、微观形貌和元素分布等方面深入分析了碱度对球团矿抗压强度的影响机理.研究表明,随着碱度升高,球团矿抗压强度呈升高趋势.球团...     

高碱度烧结矿矿物结构对其冶金性能的影响

采用光学显微镜及IPP软件对高碱度烧结矿显微结构及矿物组成进行了研究,并检测和分析了高碱度烧结矿的冶金性能。研究结果表明:高碱度烧结矿主要由赤铁矿、磁铁矿、铁酸钙、硅酸二钙等矿物组成,不同碱度条件的烧结矿显微结构基本相似,主要为交织熔蚀结构;当碱度从1.5提高到2.0时,烧结矿中的赤铁矿质量分数增加了8%,磁铁矿质量分数降低了18%,铁酸钙质量分数增加了23%,磁铁矿与铁酸钙形成熔蚀结构;烧结矿的成品率从75.09%增加到82.78%之后稍有降低,转鼓指数从54%增加到69.33%,低温还原粉化性能和还原性均得到较大改善。     

CeO_2包覆对TiO_2传感器材料的氧敏性能的影响

针对CeO2 具有良好的催化性和稳定性 ,以及TiO2 具有优良的氧敏特性 ,采用溶胶 凝胶法制备CeO2 包覆TiO2 材料 ,并在自行设计的实验装置中对材料进行氧敏测试。该材料的温度系数低于纯TiO2 材料 ,且氧敏性能比纯TiO2 材料显著提高。其原因在于壳层中CeO2 颗粒为氧离子进出包覆体内的TiO2 提供通道 ,并利用CeO2 储、放氧能力 ,促进TiO2 电导率变化。     

Effects of bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide on ATP receptor-mediated responses of the rat vas deferens: possible relationship to cytotoxicity

Extracellular ATP is a broad-spectrum cytotoxic agent that produces effects via cell surface P2 purinoceptors. The ligand-gated P2X purinoceptor subtype has very high sequence homology with the RP-2 gene, which encodes for apoptosis. The P2X RNA found in rat vas deferens is expressed preferentially by apoptotic thymocytes. P2X purinoceptor-mediated phasic (twitch) motor responses of the isolated rat vas deferens to neurogenic or exogenous ATP were rapidly, specifically and irreversibly potentiated by bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide (HD 10-100 microM). Both untreated and HD-potentiated neurogenic responses were Ca++ dependent, blocked in the absence of Ca++ plus 0.1 mM EGTA, by the neuronal Ca++ channel blocker omega-conotoxin-MVIIC (3 microM), by the P2 purinoceptor antagonist suramin (100 microM) and by tetrodotoxin (100 nM). HD also potentiated the effects of ATP on isolated guinea pig taenia caecum, where the nucleotide acts at G protein-coupled P2Y purinoceptor subtypes to cause relaxation. HD failed to inhibit the metabolism of ATP by ecto-ATPase in vas deferens or to cause the release of endogenous ATP. Potentiation of the twitch response to electric field stimulation by HD was attenuated or eliminated in tissues excised from rats previously challenged with topically applied HD, suggesting that HD absorbed into the systemic circulation had already effected maximal potentiation of ATP responses before in vitro testing. The physiological consequences of HD-induced potentiation of the extracellular actions of ATP are discussed in relation to apoptosis and necrosis.     

Mechanism of CeO_2 synthesized by thermal decomposition of Ce-MOF and its performance of benzene catalytic combustion

In this paper,the formation mechanism of mesoporous CeO_2 synthesized by thermal decomposition of Ce-MOF and its performance of benzene catalytic combustion,as well as the structure-activity relationship between them were studied in depth.The self-assembly process and physicochemical properties of CeO_2 were characterized by thermogravimetry analysis,powder X-ray diffraction,N_2 adsorption/desorption,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques.Characterization results show that Ce-MOF is completely decomposed into pure mesoporous CeO_2 when the decomposition temperature is higher than 400℃.At this threshold temperature,CeO_2(400) has the largest specific surface area and pore volume of 114 m~2/g and 0.152 cm3/g,respectively.CeO_2(400) exhibits very high catalytic activity for benzene combustion,which can completely catalyze the degradation of benzene at 260℃.Meanwhile,the mesoporous CeO_2(400) supported Pt nanocrystalline catalysts were prepared by high temperature solution-phase reduction method.Pt/CeO_2(400)can completely degrade benzene at about 200℃ and represents high durability and good waterresistance for benzene combustion during 100 h of continuous reaction.     

Preparation and performance of CeO_2 hollow spheres and nanoparticles

CeO_2 hollow spheres were synthesized by polystryrene sphere(PS) templates and CeO_2 nanoparticles were prepared by a facile method. The as-obtained products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), N_2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra. The results showed that the structure of the obtained CeO_2 hollow spheres was hollow microsphere with a diameter of 380 nm and the average particle size of CeO_2 nanoparticles was about 1700 nm. The two samples' Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) surface area was 67.1 and 37.2 m~2/g. The CeO_2 hollow spheres had a better performance than nanoparticles at UV-shielding because of higher surface area and the structure of hollow sphere.     

Sm、Ce单掺以及Sm、Ce共掺CaO-B_2O_3-SiO_2玻璃中稀土离子的荧光性质研究

分别研究了单掺Sm2O3和CeO2以及共掺Sm2O3、CeO2的CaO-SiO2-B2O3玻璃的发光性质。单掺Sm2O3的CaO-SiO2-B2O3玻璃的光谱中出现典型的Sm3+的光谱性质;单掺CeO2的CaO-SiO2-B2O3玻璃的光谱中出现Ce3+的光谱性质,在332nm激发下,Ce3+发射蓝紫光,其发射光谱为一宽谱带,从350nm延展到500nm附近,主发射峰位于393nm,Stokes位移为61nm,只形成一个发光中心。当CaO-SiO2-B2O3玻璃共掺Sm2O3和CeO2时,出现Ce4+的发射峰,同时Sm3+的发光强度下降,说明作为一种新的激活剂Ce引入基质后,提高了Sm3+的局部对称性,Sm3+的f→f跃迁减弱,从而导致Sm3+的发光强度下降。在共掺Sm2O3、CeO2的CaO-SiO2-B2O3玻璃中Ce4+和Sm3+通过桥氧键相连。     

碱度变化对电炉渣含铁组分回收率的影响规律

 电炉渣相对于转炉渣具有更多的高温余热和更低的含铁组分回收率,但目前还没有合适的处理方法利用其余热回收更多的含铁物质。试验以河沙为改质剂,采用熔态改质方法处理电炉渣,研究在不同改质剂掺量下电炉渣碱度变化对其含铁组分回收率的影响规律,并进一步采用XRD、SEM-EDS等手段分析其中的矿相和结构变化。研究表明,采用熔态改质方法,在电炉熔渣排渣过程中加入改质剂降低其碱度,不仅能够充分利用其余热,还能够提高熔渣固化后的铁质组分回收率和胶凝活性,是电炉渣排渣处理的一条新途径。当改质电炉渣碱度下降到1.6时,随着SiO2的增加,以三价铁形式存在的Ca2Fe2O5和以二价铁形式存在的RO相减少并消失,活性矿物Ca2SiO4和强磁性的MgFe2O4、Fe3O4、FeCr2O4等形成并增加,这有利于铁及铬、锰重金属的回收以及尾渣胶凝活性的提高。在碱度为1.3时,强磁性矿物数量和磁选物质含铁组分回收率达到最大值69.71%,铁品位提高了43.74%。当改质电炉渣碱度小于1.3时,磁性矿相逐渐转变为弱磁性的含铝尖晶石,铁组分回收率下降。     

Influence of CeO_2 on Corrosion Resistance of Laser Alloyed M_（80）S_（20） Alloy Layer

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