共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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基于分数布朗运动模型的激光雷达目标检测 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究和分析了激光雷达目标回波与杂波背景的分形特性,以分数布朗运动(FBM)数学模型为基础,通过对不同信噪比(SNR)激光雷达回波的分析,初步证明了激光雷达回波具有布朗运动的特征。针对激光雷达杂波数据具有布朗运动的增量统计自相似性,激光雷达杂波能与分数布朗运动较好地匹配,因此可以采用布朗运动模型对激光雷达回波数据进行分析处理。当信噪比比较低时,杂波和含有目标的回波信号的分形维数比较接近,发生重叠,单靠单一的分形维数无法检测出目标。针对这一问题,分析杂波和目标信号在不同尺度上的分形维数,提出基于不同尺度分形维数的变化特征进行目标检测的算法,即基于多尺度分形维数的目标检测算法。理论分析和实验结果表明该方法具有较高的可靠性和准确性。 相似文献
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1/f分形噪声的一种多尺度Kalman滤波方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对淹没在1/f分形噪声中的有用信号恢复问题,提出了一种基于小波变换与Kalman滤波的多尺度滤波算法。首先将带有1/f分形噪声的信号分解成多尺度的子带信号,通过小波变换对1/f分形噪声的白化作用,消除了1/f分形噪声的自相似性和长程相关性。然后在小波域内,利用Kalman滤波实现了噪声和有用信号的分离,估计出了各子带中的有用信号。最后进行小波重构,较好地恢复出淹没在1/f分形噪声中的有用信号。仿真实验表明,使用多尺度Kalman滤波器能有效地抑制分形噪声,显著地提高了信噪比。 相似文献
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针对淹没在1/f噪声中的有用信号恢复问题,本文提出了一套基于双正交小波变换与Wiener滤波的多尺度滤波算法,并设计出多尺度Wiener滤波器.首先,利用双正交小波变换将带有1/f噪声的信号分解成多尺度的子带信号,通过小波变换对1/f噪声的白化作用,消除了1/f噪声的非平稳性、自相似性和长程相关性.其次,在小波域内,利用Wiener滤波,实现了噪声和有用信号的分离,估计出了各子带中的有用信号.最后,利用双正交小波的精确重构性,较好地恢复出淹没在1/f噪声中的有用信号.仿真实验表明,该滤波器能有效的抑制分形噪声,显著地提高信噪比. 相似文献
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Estimation of 2-D noisy fractional Brownian motion and itsapplications using wavelets 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jen-Chang Liu Wen-Liang Hwang Ming-Syan Chen 《IEEE transactions on image processing》2000,9(8):1407-1419
The two-dimensional (2-D) fractional Brownian motion (fBm) model is useful in describing natural scenes and textures. Most fractal estimation algorithms for 2-D isotropic fBm images are simple extensions of the one-dimensional (1-D) fBm estimation method. This method does not perform well when the image size is small (say, 32x32). We propose a new algorithm that estimates the fractal parameter from the decay of the variance of the wavelet coefficients across scales. Our method places no restriction on the wavelets. Also, it provides a robust parameter estimation for small noisy fractal images. For image denoising, a Wiener filter is constructed by our algorithm using the estimated parameters and is then applied to the noisy wavelet coefficients at each scale. We show that the averaged power spectrum of the denoised image is isotropic and is a nearly 1/f process. The performance of our algorithm is shown by numerical simulation for both the fractal parameter and the image estimation. Applications to coastline detection and texture segmentation in a noisy environment are also demonstrated. 相似文献
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An improved method for 2-D self-similar image synthesis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We propose a new method called incremental Fourier synthesis to generate 2-D self-similar images based on a 2D fractional Brownian motion (fBm) model. With this method, the stationary increments of fBm are created by a Fourier synthesis method and the increments are added up to generate the nonstationary 2D fBm process. Since the new method takes advantage of the FFT, its computational complexity is only O(N(2)log(2)(N)), and its memory requirement is only O(N(2)) for a self-similar image of size NxN. 相似文献
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Bing-Fei Wu Yu-Lin Su 《IEEE transactions on image processing》1998,7(9):1359-1366
The emphasis in this article is on the study of nonstationary two-dimensional (2-D) random fields with wide-sense stationary increments, wide-sense stationary jumps, and 2-D fractional Brownian motion (fBm) fields. The effort made in this work is to develop a realizable method of stationarization provided for nonstationary 2-D random fields. We also present the correlation functions of the discrete wavelet transform relating to 2-D fBm fields that will decay hyperbolically fast. 相似文献
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声波测井信号的分形特征研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
许多研究认为,测井信号在纵向上的分布具有分数高斯噪音(fGn)特征。如果对不同的地层套用相同的模型就会导致输出结果与实际情况不符。本文根据实际资料,利用R/S分析、谱密度分析等手段对声波时差测井信号分段进行了分析。结果发现,声波时差测井信号在纵向上的分布可以同时服从分数高斯噪音(fGn)和分数布朗运动(fBm)。由于分形模型的判别是一切分形地质统计研究的基础,因此,本文的研究对声波测井信号的分析具有较高的实际意义。 相似文献
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Estimation of fractional Brownian motion embedded in a noisyenvironment using nonorthogonal wavelets
Wen-Liang Hwang 《Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on》1999,47(8):2211-2219
We show that nonorthogonal wavelets can characterize the fractional Brownian motion (fBm) that is in white noise. We demonstrate the point that discriminating the parameter of fBm from that of noise is equivalent to discriminating the composite singularity formed by superimposing a peak singularity on a Dirac singularity. We characterize the composite singularity by formalizing this problem as a nonlinear optimization problem. This yields our parameter estimation algorithm. For fractal signal estimation, Wiener filtering is explicitly formulated as a function of the signal and noise parameters and the wavelets. We show that the estimated signal is a 1/f process. Comparative studies through numerical simulations of our methods with those of Wornell and Oppenheim (1992) are presented 相似文献
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二维随机粗糙面的fBm模拟及其统计特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
数值模拟在物理建模中具有相当重要的地位。本文基于对二维分形布朗运动(fBm)的研究,根据fBm的特征,阐述了用二维fBm函数模拟随机粗糙面的方法。由于很多电磁散射问题与粗糙面的各阶矩有很大的关系,我们导出了二维随机粗糙面的统计参量与分维D的关系。基于对二维fBm的小波分析,提出了在时-频相空间估计分维D的方法。这种方法比较简单而切实可行,不但适合于粗糙面整体分维的计算,更适合于局部分数维的计算。所 相似文献
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Stochastic fractal models for image processing 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
《Signal Processing Magazine, IEEE》2002,19(5):48-62
Our study of fractal landscapes departs from the simplest but yet effective model of fractional Brownian motion and explores its two-dimensional (2-D) extensions. We focus on the ability to introduce anisotropy in this model, and we are also interested in considering its discrete-space counterparts. We then move towards other multifractional and multifractal models providing more degrees of freedom for fitting complex 2-D fields. We note that many of the models and processing are implemented in FracLab, a software MATLAB/Scilab toolbox for fractal processing of signals and images. 相似文献