离子交换树脂复苏方法的应用

阳床离子交换树脂被Fe3＋污染、混床离子交换树脂被有机物和铵污染后,交换能力下降,通过问题分析,利用再生剂进行复苏处理,恢复树脂活性。     

离子交换树脂的污染分析与复苏方法

主要介绍离子交换树脂受铁及有机物的污染机理,及如何对受污染树脂进行复苏。     

阳离子交换树脂的污染与复苏

离子交换技术是电镀废水的常用处理技术。离子交换树脂在使用一段时间后常被金属污染。简要介绍了盐酸复苏法、EDTA复苏法和还原复苏法的机制,并进行了复苏实验。实验证明三种方法均能起到很好的复苏作用。     

离子交换树脂的重金属污染

钙、镁、铝、铁、铜、锰等重金属离子,很容易引起离子交换树脂的污染,使除盐水水质恶化。本文探讨了它们的污染机理、复苏方法和预防措施。     

阳离子交换树脂的污染与复苏

总结了阳离子交换树脂在生产中遇到的各种污染情况,分析了引起树脂污染的各种原因,介绍了判断各种污染的方法,在此基础上总结了国内外有关复苏树脂的各种方法,为水处理中树脂的复苏提供了借鉴。     

离子交换树脂污染的处理与预防

分析了离子交换树脂污染的原因,提出了离子交换树脂被钙、铁、有机物污染后的处理和预防措施。     

浅谈离子交换树脂在水体净化中的应用进展

水是生产生活中的重要物资,发展水体净化技术对水资源的高效利用至关重要.离子交换树脂具备经济性和低能耗的优势,在水体净化中占据重要地位.主要对离子交换树脂在重金属污染、染料污染和抗生素污染水体净化中的研究进展进行了综合阐述,并指出离子交换树脂相应的不足之处.     

不同复苏方法对阴树脂复苏效果的影响研究

研究了直接酸洗复苏法、树脂转为氯型后酸洗复苏法、氯化钠转型后用次氯酸钠氧化复苏法、次氯酸钠氧化后用盐碱混液复苏法、双氧水氧化后用盐碱混液复苏法等五种不同的复苏方法对铁和有机物污染树脂复苏效果的影响。结果表明：复苏方法不同时，亚铁离子污染树脂的复苏效果和铁离子污染树脂的复苏效果是不相同的，同时可看出，双氧水氧化后盐碱混液复苏法复苏铁污染树脂的效果最好；五种不同的复苏方法对腐植酸污染的树脂都有较好的复苏效果，且复苏效果相差不大。     

脱盐水站离子交换树脂污染的复苏处理

脱盐水站采用空气擦洗法对阳树脂进行钙污染复苏处理,采用碱性食盐法对阴树脂有机物污染进行复苏处理,另外也采用适当的方法对阴树脂的铝、铁污染进行复苏处理,均取得较好效果。     

凝结水精处理树脂油污染的复苏方法

介绍了凝结水精处理树脂受锅炉点火柴油严重污染的原因.利用精处理再生系统进行复苏,复苏后的树脂产水指标达到污染前的水平,为火电厂树脂复苏提供了经济、可行的处理方法.     

Mixed bed de-ionisation by weak electrolyte ion-exchange resins regenerated in situ by carbon dioxide

It has been shown that phenol-carboxylic types of weakly acidic cation exchangers have significant salt-splitting characteristics, which improve the kinetics of a mixed bed composed of weakly dissociated ion-exchange resins. This system seems to be effective for de-ionisation of high-salinity water and has produced water of suitable quality and sufficient break-through capacity. It was demonstrated that weak electrolyte ion-exchange resins in a mixed bed can be regenerated with water saturated with carbon dioxide with possible re-use of the gas.     

Deionization of Coagulated,Clarified, Turbid Gauri Shankar Lake Waters by Using Ion-Exchange Technology

Abstract

Water collected from a rain fed Gauri Shankar Lake, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India was used for this study. It was clarified by giving treatment with alum and poly aluminum chloride (PAC) to remove suspended impurities present in it. Waters having turbidity value of 100–750 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) were treated with PAC and alum. The dosage of PAC required for the treatment was 60% less as compared with alum. The clarified water was passed through columns loaded with strong acid and strong base ion-exchange resins to obtain deionized water. The experiments were carried out for 100 cycles of exhaustion and regeneration. The effect of the coagulation process conditions on ion-exchange capacity, and the physical attrition of the ion-exchange resins were studied intensively. Also, the performance of ion-exchange resins was compared with virgin ground waters from the institute's well. The resins employed in the study were subjected to EDX (Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy) analysis to find out the presence of coagulating ions adsorbed on the resins. The resins were also subjected to SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) analysis to find changes on their surface due to adhering materials if any.     

The effect of corrosion particles present in water solutions on the behavior of strong acid cation-exchange resins during the process of cobalt removal

The effect of the presence of corrosion particles on the behavior of different structure types of cation-exchange resins during the adsorption process of ⁶⁰Co from water solutions was studied. Comparative valuation of sorption behavior and capacity of polyreticular and monoreticular structure type cation-exchangers was carried out. It was found that the ion-exchange filtration efficieny depends upon the presence of corrosion particles on the surface of ion-exchange beads and in their pore structure. The cation-exchange process of ⁶⁰Co is affected differently by different structure type ion-exchange resins. The fouling phenomenon caused by iron-corrosion particles during the water clean-up process at a RWCU system in BWR and by CVSE demineralizers in PWR dose not affect negative phenomenon for ion-exchange behavior of ion-exchange resins to remove polyvalent ions from the water. The polyreticular cation exchanger Amberlite 200C can better remove ⁶⁰Co cations from water solutions than the monoreticular (gel type) cation-exchanger Amberlite IR 120. Evidently this is due to the true porous macroreticular structure of the cation-exchange beads. In parallel with the ion-exchange processes, the sorption process of the corrosion products situated on the larger surface area of the true physical pore structure of Amberlite 200C also plays an important role. The information obtained will be very useful to the technological service of nuclear power stations.     

Synthesis and separation characteristics of strongly basic anion-exchange resins prepared from different monomers

Chloromethylstyrene–ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) copolymer beads (PCMS) and dimethylaminomethylstyrene-EGDMA copolymer (PDAMS) were synthesized by suspension polymerization as noble polymer matrices. The chemical and physical properties of the quaternized resins (PCMS-Q and PDAMS-Q) were approximately equal. The characteristics of both resins were examined by high-performance liquid chromatography using columns packed with the resins. These resins served as conventional anion-exchange resins for small organic anions, but indicated markedly different retention for large molecular anions, namely, PDAMS-Q retained proteins having a negative net charge, but PCMS-Q did not. It was suggested that the chemical and physical structures on the external surfaces of ion exchangers are very important in ion-exchange chromatography of proteins.     

NKC-9型树脂催化合成单新戊二醇缩1,4-环己二酮

以阳离子交换树脂为固体酸催化剂,新戊二醇与1,4-环己二酮在二氯甲烷溶剂中脱水缩合合成了单新戊二醇缩1,4-环己二酮(单缩酮).实验考察了不同类型阳离子交换树脂的催化效果,结果表明,NKC-9型树脂具有良好的催化作用.通过单因素分析及正交试验,获得了该催化剂催化合成单新戊二醇缩1,4-环己二酮的最佳条件:在二氯甲烷溶液中,于25℃和反应液浓度为1.3mol˙L-1,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的15.40%,反应110 min,新戊二醇的转化率达94%,所得目标产物单缩酮收率达74.8%,气相色谱测定其纯度为96%.通过红外光谱分析、核磁共振谱图分析验证了所合成的产物为目标产物单缩酮.与传统酸性催化剂相比,采用树脂NKC-9作为反应催化剂不仅提高了反应收率,简化了反应工艺流程,无酸腐蚀和污染问题,且催化剂无需处理可重复使用多次.     

Infra-red absorption spectra of ion-exchange resins

Infra-red absorption spectra have been obtained by the KBr disc technique for some fifty commercial ion-exchange resins with quaternary ammonium, tertiary and mixed amine, sulphonic, phosphonic, secondary phosphate, and carboxylic groups, as well as for a number of experimental resins, including some of the solvent-modified type. The use of the technique in structural characterisation of ion-exchange resins is discussed.     

Application of a solid ion-exchange electrolyte in three-dimensional electrodes

A solid ion-exchange electrolyte was used to solve the problem of low ionic conductivity in three-dimensional electrodes. It was found that packed-bed three-dimensional electrodes, mixed with ion-exchange resins, have good ionic conductivity even when the free electrolyte is distilled water. Ionic group, counter-ion, cross-linking and geometry of the ion-exchanger are the most important parameters when selecting the optimum ion-exchange electrolyte. In most applications, a combination of a strong cation exchanger, small monovalent counter-ions, a low degree of cross-linking and a small particle size gives good ionic conductivity for the three-dimensional electrode.     

Chemical modification of polystyrene. V. Sulfonic acid resins from anhydride substituted polystyrene

Chemically modified polystyrenes based on the condensation of polystyrene with phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, and cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride have been processed into sulfonic acid cation exchange resins. The effects of variation of sulfuric acid amount and the temperature of sulfonation on the synthesis and the ion-exchange capacities of the resins have been established. The resins have finally been characterized with respect to their structures by IR and elemental analysis data. The total ion exchange capacity as well as the salt-splitting capacity and the pH-metric titration characteristics of these resins have also been determined. These resins posses better ion-exchange capacities than the conventional styrene based resins.     

Catalysis with Metal Cation-Exchanged Resins

There have been a paucity of reports dealing with catalytic reactions involving metal or metal cations incorporated into ion-exchange resins. It is the objective of this review to summarize these reactions and to discuss in detail one such resin, a perfluorinated Exchange polymer, PFIEP. here survey two resin types, polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSSA) and PFIEP or Nafion [11. Acid catalysis by ion-exchange resins, in particular PSSA, has briefly been reviewed by Sherrington.     

Potential and concentration gradients in a hybrid ion-exchange/electrodialysis cell

The regeneration of 2, 4 and 8% cross-linked ion-exchange resins in the nickel-form was carried out in a three-compartment hybrid ion-exchange/electrodialysis cell. During the process the potential and nickel concentration profiles in the bed were measured. The experimental results are compared to results from a one-dimensional transport model able to simulate the development of potential and concentration gradients during the process; the amount of nickel transported out of the ion-exchange bed to the cathode, or concentrate, compartment was also reasonably well predicted. Differences between the model and experimental results are also discussed. It was found that under extreme conditions (i.e., high bed voltage), the formation of metallic nickel was observed in the central ion-exchange compartment.