LaNiO_3导电氧化物薄膜的制备及应用研究

综述了退火温度、气氛和衬底对LNO薄膜结构和电性能的影响,详细介绍了LNO薄膜作底电极或过渡层在钙钛矿结构的PLT、PZT、BST铁电和BFO铁磁电薄膜生长过程中对其铁电性能和疲劳性能的影响。     

不同衬底上LaNiO3导电氧化物薄膜的制备和研究

通过MOD法和快速热处理过程,在Si(100)和Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si衬底上制备了LaNiO3(LNO)导电氧化物薄膜.经XRD结构分析表明,所制备的LNO薄膜具有纯的钙钛矿结构,并且以(100)方向择优取向.经SEM和AFM分析表明,LNO薄膜具有表面均匀、无裂纹.经标准四探针法测试表明,LNO薄膜具有好的金属特性,其室温电阻率为7.6×10-4Ω·cm.铁电性能测试表明,LNO薄膜可以提高PZT铁电薄膜的剩余极化强度.     

LNO薄膜电极的制备及其特性研究

采用水基化学溶液涂布(water basedcoating)的方法,在SiO2/Si上制备出了LaNiO3(LNO)导电金属氧化物薄膜。系统研究了退火温度、退火时间、厚度等工艺条件对LNO薄膜电学特性和结构的影响,并进一步分析了产生这些现象的原因。制备的LNO薄膜电阻率为1.77×10-3Ω·cm,且具有良好的形貌。以LNO为独立下电极,制备出了Au(Cr)/PZT/LNO/SiO2结构的铁电电容,通过其电滞回线和漏电特性的测试,可见制备的LNO薄膜可以很好地满足作为铁电电容电极的需要。     

MOD法制备的Pb0.985La0.01(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3

采用金属有机分解法(MOD)在LNO(100)／Si衬底上制备了Pb0．985La0．01(Zr0．4Ti0.6)O3铁电薄膜，在薄膜的快速退火过程中，增加了一个中间温度预退火过程，并研究了该过程对薄膜晶型结构和铁电性能的影响．结果发现，中间温度预退火过程可以影响薄膜对晶型结构的选择．没有中间温度预退火过程的薄膜，显示出(100)择优取向；而经中间温度预退火的薄膜则表现为随机取向．对薄膜铁电性能的研究表明，没有中间温度预退火过程的薄膜的铁电性能较差，经380℃预退火的薄膜显示出最佳的铁电性能．晶型结构取向和缺陷是影响PLZT。薄膜铁电性能的两个主要因素．     

热处理对TaN薄膜微结构及电性能的影响

采用直流磁控溅射制备TaN薄膜,研究了热处理对TaN薄膜微结构及电性能的影响.结果表明,退火温度及退火时间都将影响薄膜的微结构及方阻.随退火温度的升高和时间的延长,TaN薄膜的方阻逐渐增大,但当退火温度高于800℃时,由于氧化严重导致薄膜的方阻异常增大.退火可显著改善薄膜的TCR,制备态TaN薄膜的TCR值为-1.2X10-3,薄膜经800℃退火30min后,其TCR可降低到-7.0x10-4.     

快速热处理对(Ba,Sr)TiO3薄膜晶化行为的影响

采用射频溅射法在Si(111)基片上制备了(Ba,Sr)TiO3(BST)薄膜,并对制备的薄膜进行了快速退火热处理.采用X射线衍射和原子力显微镜分析了退火温度、退火时间和加热速度对BST薄膜晶化行为的影响.研究结果表明,BST薄膜的晶化行为强烈依赖于退火温度、退火时间和加热速度.BST薄膜的结晶度随退火温度的升高而提高.适当的热处理可降低BST薄膜的表面粗糙度,BST薄膜的表面粗糙度随退火温度的升高经历了一个先降低后增大的过程,但退火后BST薄膜的表面粗糙度都小于制备态薄膜的表面粗糙度.BST薄膜的晶粒尺寸随退火温度的升高经历了一个先增大后减小的过程.随退火时间的延长,BST薄膜的特征衍射峰越来越强,薄膜的晶化程度越来越高.随退火时问的延长,BST薄膜的晶粒尺寸和表面粗糙度也经历了一个先增大后减小的过程.BST薄膜的晶粒大小主要由退火温度决定.高的升温速率可获得较小的晶粒.     

非晶CIGS前驱膜无硒退火的相变历程

采用一步射频磁控溅射法在室温获得了CIGS薄膜,研究了不同的真空无硒退火温度(150～350℃)对CIGS薄膜相变历程的影响。薄膜相变历程中的结构和性能采用XRD、SEM、EDS、紫外-可见光吸收和四探针等测试手段进行测试表征。结果表明,室温下制备的CIGS薄膜为非晶态,随退火温度升高发生非晶CIGS→CuSe→CIGS的相变。150℃退火形成的CuSe薄膜的电阻率最低,光透过性能最差。退火温度超过200℃便生成CIGS相,CIGS相的结晶质量随退火温度升高而改善,薄膜的电阻率和光透过率也随退火温度的提高而增加。     

Sol-gel法制备LaNiO3/Bi4Ti3O12异质薄膜及性能研究

采用Sol-gel(溶胶-凝胶)法在Si衬底上制备LaNiO3/Bi4Ti3O12(LNO/BTO)叠层薄膜,并研究了不同退火温度下BTO薄膜的生长行为和铁电、介电性能.试验表明,与单晶Si直接作衬底制备的Bi4Ti3O12薄膜相比,引入过渡层LNO降低了Bi4Ti3O12薄膜与衬底的晶格失配度,减少了热应力和外应力,缓解了薄膜龟裂的现象,而且制备出的Ag/BTO/LNO/Si异质薄膜电容具有优良的介电性质.     

快速热处理对BaSrTiO3薄膜微结构的影响

采用射频溅射法在Si基片上制备BaSrTiO3(BST)薄膜,利用X射线衍射和原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了快速热处理温度和时间对BaSrTiO3薄膜微结构的影响.结果表明:BST薄膜的衍射峰强度和结晶度随退火温度的升高而提高.随退火温度的升高,BST薄膜的表面粗糙度经历先降低后增大的过程,而BST薄膜的晶粒尺寸单调减小.当退火温度为700℃时,随退火时间的增加,BST薄膜的晶粒尺寸几乎不发生变化,而表面粗糙度单调减小.     

Sol-gel法制备Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3铁电薄膜

利用Sol-gel工艺在Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si衬底上制备了Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3(PZT)薄膜,研究了退火温度、保温时间和薄膜厚度对其晶相、微观结构和铁电性能的影响.在500℃退火处理的PZT薄膜开始形成钙钛矿相;在550℃退火处理的PZT薄膜基本形成钙钛矿相结构;升高退火温度(500～850℃)、延长保温时间(30～150min)、增加薄膜厚度(120～630nm)都有利于PZT晶粒的长大.在650～750℃退火的PZT薄膜具有较好的铁电性能,保温时间对PZT薄膜的铁电性能影响不大,PZT薄膜的厚度为200～300nm时可以得到比较好的铁电性能.在退火温度750℃、保温时间30min条件下退火处理厚310nm的PZT薄膜,其剩余极化值(2Pr)和矫顽电场(2Ec)分别是72μC/cm2、158kV/cm.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.