Wet and dry tribological behaviors of circular islandic protrusion patterns on M2 steel discs under spinning condition

Under spinning conditions, lubricant on islandic spot patterned M2 steel disc experiences centrifugal and tangential force components. Depending upon the relative position of the spots and the flow of lubricant, accumulation of lubricant in front of patterned islandic spots creates thrusting to mating part and subsequently reduces contact between the mating couple. Whilst wear debris is likely to be spun off the plateau of the spots to their neighbouring valleys so as to reduce wear. Hence, it gives favorable tribological characteristics. Aiming at verifying such mechanisms, studies were performed on M2 steel disc specimens slid with ASSAB 17 tool steel pin. The M2 steel disc specimens were respectively （i） machined with non-patterned （NP）, （ii） etched to produce in-lined （INE） islandic patterns, and （iii） etched to produce staggered （STE） islandic spot patterns. Results indicated that the INE patterned discs gave most favorable wear characteristics, the NP of the worse characteristics whilst the STE ranged in the middle. However, the actual contact mechanism leads to the descending sequence of favorable friction behaviors nominally as： NP, INE and STE.     

PVD法制备TiN/AlTiN涂层的摩擦与磨损性能

采用物理气相沉积法在Cr12MoV钢基体上沉积TiN和AlTiN涂层,用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和划痕仪分析了涂层表面与界面形貌、物相和结合强度,并进行了摩擦与磨损试验。结果表明,TiN和AlTiN涂层具有较高硬度,AlTiN涂层表面粗糙度优于TiN涂层,TiN涂层表面轮廓算术平均偏差Ra为328.91nm,AlTiN表面轮廓算术平均偏差Ra为112.49nm;TiN涂层结合强度为28.85N,而AlTiN涂层结合强度为27.35N;AlTiN摩擦因数在磨合期和波动期略高于TiN涂层,在稳定期摩擦因数基本接近,维持在0.44-0.46左右;AlTiN涂层韧性比TiN涂层有一定的提高,其磨损性能优于TiN涂层。     

铝合金上电沉积Ni-P-CNTs复合镀层及其摩擦性能研究

采用复合电沉积法在铝合金表面上制备了镍 磷 碳纳米管（Ni-P-CNTs）复合镀层,并用X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）对其进行了表征,分析了电流密度和镀液中碳纳米管的质量浓度对复合镀层形貌及其摩擦磨损性能的影响.当电流密度为3.0 A/dm2时可以得到表面光亮、平整的复合镀层,复合镀层中碳纳米管体积分数随着镀液中碳纳米管质量浓度的增加而增加.Ni-P-CNTs复合镀层比Ni-P镀层具有更高的硬度、耐磨性能和更低的摩擦系数.随着复合镀层中碳纳米管体积分数的增加,复合镀层的磨损量和摩擦系数逐渐降低.复合镀层摩擦性能的改善是由于碳纳米管具有优异的力学性能和良好的自润滑性能.     

The Stress Distribution and Thermal Behavior of TiBN and TiBN／TiN Coatings in Milling AISI H13 Work Tool Steel

The FEM model of TiBN ant TiBNI TiN coated cutting tool in milling of H13 steel was developed. Process variables such as temprature and stress in the coating layer as well as in the substrate were analyzed. The efficacy of the present FEM analysis was verified by conducting controlled milling experiments on AISI H13 to collect the relevant tool life and force data. The results show that the stress in a coated tool can significantly be reduced compared to an uncoated cutting tool, possibly due to surface coatings improving the tribolagical properties of cutting tools. Coatings with good thermal properties also help to improve the thermal behavior of cutting tool.     

冷扎Q235钢/激光熔覆合金钢摩擦磨损

通过对9SiCr钢表面进行合金激光熔覆处理,在摩擦磨损实验机上对熔覆合金钢与Q235钢配副进行了摩擦磨损性能实验.通过摩擦磨损实验研究了参数如载荷、滑动距离、滑动速度、润滑条件等对Q235钢与熔覆合金钢的磨损量的影响,熔覆合金钢与Q235钢的磨损量与压力和滑动速度成正比.Ni合金钢的耐磨性比Co合金钢要好.通过扫描电镜分析了熔覆合金磨损机理,熔覆合金钢磨损主要以磨粒为主,同时表面存在大量凹坑,而Q235钢以磨粒和塑性变形为主.     

有机粘结固体润滑膜研究进展

分析了有机粘结固体润滑膜的减摩耐磨主要机理,详细讨论了环氧与酚醛环氧、聚酰亚胺与聚酰胺酰亚胺、聚苯硫醚和聚酰胺等常用高分子树脂基体固体润滑膜的摩擦学特性及其性能,展望了高分子固体润滑膜的发展趋势和研究方向.     

镍、磷和空心微珠复合镀层摩擦磨损性能研究

运用化学镀方法,把空心微珠作为第二相加入化学镀镍和磷镀液中,制得以镍、磷和空心微珠为主的复合镀层.X射线分析显示,复合镀层经过热处理后由非晶态变成晶态.复合镀层经过热处理后显微硬度及摩擦学性能提高.复合镀层耐磨性比纯镍和磷镀层提高约30%,抗腐蚀性提高77%.运用SEM和XPS等对复合镀层性能和结构进行分析.     

Nanoindentation analysis of TiN,TiAlN,and TiAlSiN coatings prepared by cathode ion plating

The TiN,TiAlN and TiAlSiN coatings were deposited on H13 hot-worked mold steel by cathodic arc ion plating(CAIP).The morphologies,phase compositions,and nanoindentation parameters,such as creep hardness,elastic modulus and plastic deformation energy of the coatings were analyzed with field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and nanoindentation testing,respectively,and the test results were compared with equation describing the indentation model.The results show that the TiN,TiAlN and TiAlSiN coating surfaces were dense and composed of TiN,TiN + TiAlN,TiN + Si3N4 + TiAlN phases,respectively.There was no spalling or cracking on the indentation surface.The creep hardness of the TiN,TiAlN and TiAlSiN coatings was 7.33,13.5,and 15.2 GPa,respectively;the corresponding hardness measured by nanoindentation was 7.09,15.6,and 21.7 GPa,respectively;and the corresponding elastic modulus was 201.93,172.79,and 162.77 GPa,respectively.The contact depth and elastic modulus calculated by the indentation model were close to those of the test results,but the remaining indentation parameters showed discrepancies.The sequence of plastic deformation energy was TiN TiAlNTiAlSiN.     

TiN／CrN multilayered hard coatings with TiCrN interlayer deposited by a filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique

TiN/CrN multilayered hard coatings with TiCrN interlayer were deposited on high speed steel substrates by using a filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique. The structure and composition of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). A high adhesion of up to 80 N was demonstrated by scratching tests for the multilayered coatings. Nanoindentation tests were performed to determine the hardness and elastic modulus of the coatings as a function of the multiplayer modulation period. It was observed that the hardness of the multilayered coatings is higher than those of either TiN or CrN single coatings, and it increases with decreasing modulation periods, which is consistent with predictions from the Hall-Petch type strengthening mechanism, though at small modulation periods, deviation from the Hall-Petch relation has been observed for the multilayered coatings. The life-span of drills coated with TiN/CrN multilayered is triple as long as that coated with TiN layer.     

The hydro-abrasive erosion wear behavior of duplex-treated surfaces of AISI H13 tool steel

The influence of duplex surface treatments consisting of a DC-pulsed plasma nitriding process and subsequent coatings of CrN and TiAlN deposited by physical vapor deposition(PVD)on AISI H13 tool steel was studied in this article.The treated samples were characterized using metallographic techniques,SEM,EDS,and microhardness methods.Hydro-abrasive erosion wear tests were performed in a specifically designed wear tester in which the samples were rotated in a wear tank containing a mixture of distilled water and ceramic abrasive chips with a fixed rotational speed.The wear rates caused by the abrasive particle impacts were assessed based on accumulated weight loss measurements.The worn surfaces were also characterized using optical microscopy,SEM,and EDS.Microhardness measurements indicated a significant increase in the surface hardness of the duplex-treated samples.The surfaces of the samples with the TiAlN coating were approximately 15 times harder than that of the untreated samples and 3 times that of the plasma nitrided samples.Hydro-abrasive erosion wear results showed that the duplex surface treatments,especially the CrN coating,displayed the highest erosion wear resistance.     

用PCVD法制备(TiAl)N膜的研究

本文介绍了在PCVD设备中用固态AlCl_3制备(TiAl)N膜。结果表明,(TiAl)N膜的含Al量与AlCl_3的蒸发温度成正比,但膜内Cl含量却无明显变化。(TiAl)N膜保持了TiN膜的面心立方晶体结构,但其晶格常数变小,织构变弱,组织略有细化。(TiAl)N膜的显微硬度略高于或等于TiN膜的硬度,但抗高温氧化性有较大幅度提高。     

火焰喷涂尼龙涂层表面性能分析

热喷涂是改善零件表面摩擦磨损性能的一个重要途径,可有效减缓零件磨损和失效.采用火焰喷涂在45钢基体材料表面制备尼龙涂层,通过磨损实验机进行喷涂涂层和45钢表面的磨损性能试验,并使用X衍射仪测试涂层表面结晶度,并测试涂层的结合强度,分析比较尼龙涂层与45钢基体的表面性能.结果表明,尼龙涂层可以保持尼龙所具有的良好性质,可以具有良好的自润滑性、和耐腐蚀性以及较高的结晶度、结合强度等,但在干滑动磨损方面,磨损性能低于45钢基体.     

Dry wear behaviors of wear resistant composite coatings produced by laser cladding

Using different proportional mixtures of Ni-coated MoS2, TiC and pure Ni powders, new typical wear resistant and selflubricant coatings were formed on low carbon steel by laser cladding process. The microstructures and phase composition of the composite coatings were studied by SEM and XRD. The typical microstructure of the composite coating is composed of multisulfide phases including binary element sulfide and ternary element sulfide, γ-Ni, TiC and Mo2C. Wear tests were carried out using an FALEX-6 type pin-on-disc machine. The friction coefficient and mass loss of three kinds of MoS2/TiC/Ni laser clad coatings are lower than those of quenched 45 steel, and the worn surfaces of the laser cladding coatings are very smooth. Because of high hardness combined with low friction, the laser cladding composite coating with a mixture of 70% Ni-coated MoS2, 20%TiC and 10% pure Ni powder presents better wear behaviors than the composite coating with other powder blends. The composition analysis of the worn surface of GCr15 bearing steel shows that the transferred film from the laser cladding coating to the opposite surface of GCr15 bearing steel contains an amount of sulfide, which can change the micro-friction mechanism and lead to a reduced friction coefficient.     

多弧离子镀TiN涂层工艺及耐蚀性研究

为提高4Cr13马氏体不锈钢的耐蚀性,对其进行多弧离子镀处理,获得TiN涂层,并用X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、扫描电子显微镜、电化学测量仪对涂层进行物相分析、表面形貌观察、硬度检测以及电化学腐蚀性能测试.结果表明:随着电流的增大,表面的液滴数目和尺寸增大,涂层厚度增加,薄膜硬度也增大;相结构主要为TiN,有明显的择优取向,且随着弧电流的增强,衍射峰强度略有增加.TiN试样在3.5％的NaCl溶液中耐蚀性与基体相当,在1 mol/L的H2SO4溶液中的耐蚀性比基体提高了800倍.     

Tribological properties of electroless Ni-P-SiC composite coatings in rolling/sliding contact under boundary lubrication

Ni-P-SiC composite coatings were prepared under a given bath composition and operation parameters of electroless plating. The tribological properties of the Ni-P-SiC composite coatings after annealing at 400℃ for 1 h were tested in rolling/sliding contact under boundary lubrication condition using a two-roller tribometer. The measurement contained friction coefficient, contact surface temperature, contact electrical resistance, and wear rate of the Ni-P-SiC composite coatings under various slide to roll ratios, loads, and rolling speeds. For the simultaneous examination of the effect of the chosen parameters on the tribological properties of the Ni-P-SiC composite coatings, an orthogonal regression experimental design method was used.     

电弧喷涂铁基缸体涂层材料组织及耐磨性分析

为节能减排,目前多采用铝合金制造汽车发动机体。由于铝合金耐磨性差,一般需要在气缸内嵌入灰铸铁缸套以改善摩擦性。采用热喷涂技术在气缸壁上喷涂一层耐磨涂层可以解决这一问题。采用电弧喷涂技术制备了两种铁基涂层。通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射分析仪分析了涂层的组织;利用MMW-1立式万能磨损试验机测试了油润滑条件下涂层的耐磨性,并与作为标准件的灰铸铁材料进行了对比。磨损试验参数为转速0．5m／s,滑行距离4500m,轴向力200N。结果表明：08A涂层的耐磨性和摩擦系数比灰铸铁好,可以替代灰铸铁缸套。     

金属氮化物硬质膜层“合金化”的研究进展

通过展示近年来国内外金属氮化物膜层的研究结果，探究了膜层晶体结构、微观组织的变化规律和提高性能的途径；列举了大量文献进行分析.结果表明：添加C或B元素，可形成“替位式”的金属氮碳化物或氮硼化物膜层，具有明显的固溶强化效应；大部分氮硼化物膜层，都可生成细小的金属硼化物，对性能的提高非常有力；加入Si可以细化晶粒，提高膜层的韧性和耐磨性.在TiN和CrN膜层中加入金属合金化元素(如Al、Zr等)，除具有明显的固溶强化效应外，还能显著提高膜层的高温氧化阻力和腐蚀阻力，提高膜层的耐磨性.沉积膜层的显微组织结构，可以通过调整“合金化”元素的比率来改变，并由此可以对膜层性能进行调制.通过“合金化”，金属氮化物膜层的晶体结构、微观组织都可以调制，综合性能显著改善和提高.     

仿生凹坑与纳米碳化硅/镍基复合镀层耦合表面的磨损性能

为了探讨凹坑形态与纳米碳化硅/镍基复合镀层耦合表面的磨损性能,采用激光技术和电沉积技术制备了由凹坑形态和纳米碳化硅/镍基复合镀层构成的仿生耦合表面,并进行了摩擦和磨损试验。结果表明,仿生耦合表面的磨损性能高于单纯复合镀层的磨损性能;随着磨损载荷的增加和磨损时间的延长,试样表面磨损机制由以塑性磨损为主逐渐转变成以粘着磨损、磨粒磨损为主的磨损机制。     

TiN涂层应用及研究进展

综述了近年来TiN涂层的应用,以及为改善TiN涂层性能而进行的多元合金化、多层涂层方面的研究工作,并指出了TiN涂层的发展方向.     

Microstructure and tribological properties of laser clad Ni-Ag/Tic composite coating

Ni-Ag/TiC composite coating was prepared on the 45 steel substrates by means of laser cladding. Microstructure and wear properties of composite coatings were analyzed using optical microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and wear machine. The experimental results show that defects, such as cracks and pores, do not occur in the laser-cladded Ni-Ag/TiC composite coating and 45 steel substrate, and they present good metallurgical bonding between them. Compared with Ni/TiC composite coating, micro- hardness values of the two coatings do not present evident differences. The wear experiment result shows that Ni-Ag/TiC composite coated with Ag possesses low friction coefficient and good wear resistance compared with Ni/TiC composite coating.