聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术与基因扩增分析仪器（PCR仪）

较为全面地论述了聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术与基因扩增分析仪器(PCR仪).较为详细地阐述了PCR基本原理、PCR结果的检测与分析、实时定量PCR技术、影响PCR效果的因素、PCR技术的应用、PCR仪器的现状及其发展方向.     

霉菌特异性定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）：霉菌分析中的新标准

霉菌在地球生物进程中是一个必需成分，无处不在。它们不仅能危害健康，例如导致感染和过敏，还能毁坏农作物、污染食品和医药品。因此，及时地发现并消灭多数有问题的霉菌是相当重要的。通过霉菌特异性定量聚合酶链反应技术的最新发展及应用，现在可以准确地识别室内的霉菌，并且利用其较高的定量精度，可以建立用于确定不正常霉菌环境的预测模型。     

霉菌特异性定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）：霉菌分析中的新标准

霉菌在地球生物进程中是一个必需成分,无处不在.它们不仅能危害健康,例如导致感染和过敏,还能毁坏农作物、污染食品和医药品.因此,及时地发现并消灭多数有问题的霉菌是相当重要的.通过霉菌特异性定量聚合酶链反应技术的最新发展及应用,现在可以准确地识别室内的霉菌,并且利用其较高的定量精度,可以建立用于确定不正常霉菌环境的预测模型.     

PCR（聚合酶链式反应）仪温度特性的实验研究与分析

该文的目的是测量PCR温度的精确性和PCR仪上孔间以及不同循环和不同次测量的温度均一性.PCR程序:95℃(变性),30 s;55℃(退火),40 s;72℃(延伸),50 s;6个循环.孔和管内的温度重复性都很好;变性阶段,孔和管内液体温度与程序温度偏差较大,孔及管内的温度均一性和重复性均很好;孔内温度不能达到通常所需的温度(90℃以上)的比例为22.2%.退火和延伸阶段孔和管内的温差较小;有2个孔不能达到通常需要的温度.实际温度在各阶段停留的时间分别占设定时间的90%的比例较低.这些缺陷可能导致扩增结果假阳性或假阴性.     

流体二维振动加工技术的实验研究

提出了一种基于流体二维振动的超光滑表面加工新方法。该方法是对流体在水平和垂直方向同时施加超声振动,从而实现了流体的二维高频振动,为工件加工提供抛光作用力。研制了一套实验装置,该装置由工作槽、行星机构、控制装置等组成。利用该装置对光学玻璃进行了一系列实验,分析了抛光时间、抛光液的质量分数、磨料的粒度等对加工质量的影响。     

锻造液压机的快速换模装置

主要介绍了锻造液压机的换模装置,通过比较分析,体现了新型换模装置的快速性、高效性,更适应现代液压机的快速锻造。     

制动衬片蔡斯试验分析研究

蔡斯试验是针对摩擦材料摩擦性能检测的实验室测试方法的一种,主要用于制动衬片生产厂家内部的质量控制,也可以用于外购制动衬片的质量评估。对于蔡斯试验,国际上有多种测试方法,不同的测试方法对制动衬片的摩擦性能影响各不相同,本文主要是介绍各测试方法之间的异同点,对比分析其测试方法的差异。     

STEP到VRML格式转化中实体三角剖分的快速算法

针对 STEP到 VRML 文件格式转换的需求 ,提出了一种改进的平面多连通域到单连通域的快速切分方法 ,并介绍一种适合 VRML 应用的任意二维平面域快速三角剖分算法 ,该算法生成的三角形较少     

基于Fluent的MAF风洞标准实验模型研究

基于相似原理,设计适合于MAF风洞的弹丸模型,应用Fluent软件进行仿真模拟,得出的模拟数据与风洞实验数据进行对比,为制作实验模型累积标准实验数据,为开设风洞测试基础技术研究实验提供理论参考.     

MMU—5型试验机的标准试验条件

本文通过在最新研制的ＭＭＵ－５型试验机上的大量试验,得出了在该机上进行摩擦学牧场考实验的标准试验条件。     

瞬时换刀

在完全加工(Complete Machining)时,如何减少辅助时间和降低成本很重要.现在,车、铣和钻削中心之间的界限正在很快地消失.新的完全加工的加工中心Heynumat 35就是最新的例子.它把以前分散执行的加工步骤集中到一台机床上并有一个申请了专利的换刀系统使辅助时间降低了60%,从而提高了生产率.     

关于管理标准及工作标准编写方法的探讨

企业管理标准、工作标准是实施技术标准的重要保证 ,只有把准编写指导思想和科学方法 ,才能编写出较为完善的管理标准和工作标准。笔者从理顺企业标准体系与质量标准体系之间的关系入手 ,排除认识上的误区 ,提出较为科学的编写方法和制定程序及应注意的问题 ,力求编写出的管理标准和工作标准具有先进性、科学性和可操作性     

From linear to nonlinear control means: a practical progression

With the rapid advance of digital control hardware, it is time to take the simple but effective proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control technology to the next level of performance and robustness. For this purpose, a nonlinear PID and active disturbance rejection framework are introduced in this paper. It complements the existing theory in that (1) it actively and systematically explores the use of nonlinear control mechanisms for better performance, even for linear plants; (2) it represents a control strategy that is rather independent of mathematical models of the plants, thus achieving inherent robustness and reducing design complexity. Stability analysis, as well as software/hardware test results, are presented. It is evident that the proposed framework lends itself well in seeking innovative solutions to practical problems while maintaining the simplicity and the intuitiveness of the existing technology.     

From mass customization to mass personalization: a strategic transformation

Business and operations strategists have long sought to formulate strategies that would serve profitably for a market of one. Two decades after its conception, there is growing evidence that mass customization strategy is transforming into a mass personalization strategy, making the market of one a reality, at least in select industries. The degree of transformation of a company depends on the extent to which its product is soft, i.e., can be produced electronically. Thus, at the lower end of the personalization spectrum are manufacturing companies engaged in producing hard, configurable products, while on the high end of the spectrum are service companies whose product can be totally configured and delivered electronically. The underlying factors that are enabling this transformation, in our view, are: (1) development of information technologies such as peer to peer (P2P), business to consumer (B2C), and Web 2.0, (2) near-universal availability of the Internet, (3) customer willingness and preparedness to be integrated into the process of product co-design and co-creation, (4) modern manufacturing systems, such as flexible manufacturing and, of course, (5) mass customization tools such as modularity and delayed differentiation, which help reduce manufacturing cost and cycle times and (6) deployment of customer-satisfaction-specific software called customer relationship management (CRM) to engender customer retention. Due to the importance and strategic success of affordable personalization, this issue is dedicated to that theme. The articles included in this issue would, I believe, serve as significant decision support mechanisms for companies pursuing a mass customization and personalization strategy. In addition to providing a brief perspective on articles included in this issue, we also summarize the state of the art of mass customization research.

从产品到品牌——青岛华仕达

青岛华仕达机器有限公司创立于2003年，公司从创立之初就致力于做专业的塑料焊接设备。迄今为止，华仕达推出了HJ-30A／30B／30c塑料挤出焊机／塑料板材对接机和塑料管件电热熔套、热收缩带等系列产品。华仕达的目标，就是做一个专业的企业，打造一个专注的品牌。从建厂开始，公司就开始注重品牌建设，通过对多元化媒体的投入，结合各种社会活动，多方面拉动品牌建设。现在，华仕达已成长为新型塑料焊接设备行业最专业的企业之一。