响应面法优化超临界CO2萃取韭菜籽油

采用超临界CO2流体技术对韭菜籽油进行萃取,运用响应面法优化了萃取工艺条件.结果表明,萃取压力、萃取温度和萃取时间3个因素对韭菜籽油得率都有显著性影响,压力和时间的交互作用极显著,但压力和温度、温度和时间的交互作用不显著;优化的最佳工艺条件为:萃取温度40.40 ℃,萃取时间86.70 min,萃取压力22.25 MPa,此时得率为17.52%.韭菜籽油中饱和脂肪酸以棕榈酸(7.4%)为主,占脂肪酸总量的8.9%;不饱和脂肪酸主要为亚油酸(70.1%)和油酸(20.2%),占脂肪酸总量的91.1%.     

超临界CO2萃取樱桃仁油及GC-MS分析

以樱桃仁为原料,利用超临界CO2流体萃取樱桃仁油,在单因素试验的基础上,采用Box-Behnken设计方法,研究萃取压力、萃取时间、萃取温度及其交互作用对樱桃仁油得率的影响,确定了超临界CO_2流体萃取樱桃仁油的最佳工艺参数,并利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析了樱桃仁油的脂肪酸组成。结果表明,超临界CO_2流体萃取樱桃仁油的最佳工艺参数为萃取压力43 MPa、萃取时间199 min、萃取温度44℃、装料量35 g,在此条件下,樱桃仁油的得率为(51.41±0.45)%。GC-MS分析表明,樱桃仁油的主要脂肪酸成分是油酸(52.55%),亚油酸(29.93%),棕榈酸(9.52%),硬脂酸(3.93%)。     

湘西产枳椇籽亚麻酸超临界CO2萃取研究

探索超临界CO2流体技术萃取湘西产枳椇籽亚麻酸的最佳条件,并对枳椇籽脂肪酸提取物进行了理化检测。研究表明超临界CO2萃取最佳条件为萃取温度45℃、压力36MPa、时间120min、分离釜Ⅰ压力10MPa,此条件下提取脂肪酸得率为8.1%,α-亚麻酸相对含量为37.90%。GC-MS分析显示超临界CO2萃取的枳椇籽油主要脂肪酸组分为α-亚麻酸、油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量为74.76%。     

超临界CO_2流体萃取琉璃苣籽油及其脂肪酸分析

利用超临界CO2流体萃取技术萃取琉璃苣籽油,考察了萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间和CO2流量对琉璃苣籽油出油率的影响,并通过正交试验确定了超临界CO2萃取琉璃苣籽油的最佳工艺条件。研究结果表明,超临界CO2萃取琉璃苣籽油的最佳工艺条件为:萃取压力25 MPa,萃取温度45℃,萃取时间2.5 h,CO2流量45 L/h。在此条件下,出油率为28.08%。气相色谱对琉璃苣籽油的脂肪酸组成分析表明,琉璃苣籽油富含油酸、亚油酸和γ-亚麻酸。     

超临界CO2流体萃取打瓜籽油的工艺研究

采用超临界CO2流体从打瓜籽中萃取打瓜籽油。以打瓜籽油得率及亚油酸提取量为指标,采用单因素试验研究打瓜籽粉碎粒度、萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间对超临界CO2流体萃取打瓜籽油的影响。通过正交试验得到最佳萃取条件为:粉碎粒度80目,萃取压力30 MPa,萃取温度40℃,萃取时间20 min。在最佳萃取条件下,打瓜籽油得率为42.42%,亚油酸提取量为185.77 mg/g。     

超临界CO2萃取黑莓籽油及其成分分析

目的:以黑莓籽为原料,用超临界CO2萃取法提取黑莓籽油,并测定其成分。方法:采用超临界CO2萃取方法提取黑莓籽油,通过正交试验对影响提取过程的参数进行优化,确定黑莓籽油提取的最佳工艺条件,并用气相色谱-质谱法分析黑莓籽油的脂肪酸组成。结果:超临界CO2流体萃取黑莓籽油的最佳工艺条件为萃取温度35℃、萃取压力30MPa、分离压力12MPa、分离温度55℃,此条件下黑莓籽油的得率达16.10%,其脂肪酸组成为软脂酸5.38%、硬脂酸3.53%、油酸13.70%、亚油酸60.48%、亚麻酸11.16%,总不饱和脂肪酸含量85.3 4%。     

超临界CO2萃取紫苏叶挥发油的工艺优化

目的：采用超临界CO2流体萃取技术萃取紫苏叶挥发油,优化萃取工艺。方法：以紫苏叶挥发油得率为指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验考察萃取温度、萃取压力、CO2流量、萃取时间4个因素对紫苏叶挥发油的超临界CO2流体萃取的影响。结果：萃取压力20MPa、萃取温度35℃、CO2流量为10kg/h的条件下萃取150min为最佳工艺。结论：超临界CO2流体萃取技术萃取紫苏叶挥发油得率达3.2%。     

超临界CO_2流体萃取石榴籽油工艺条件的研究

以石榴籽为原料,对超临界CO2流体萃取石榴籽油的工艺条件进行了研究。通过单因素试验,研究了萃取压力、萃取温度和萃取时间对石榴籽油得率的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验确定了超临界CO2流体萃取石榴籽油的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,超临界CO2流体萃取石榴籽油最佳工艺条件为:萃取压力40 MPa,萃取温度55℃,萃取时间80 min,分离釜Ⅰ温度60℃,压力10 MPa,分离釜Ⅱ温度35℃,压力6 MPa。在最佳工艺条件下,石榴籽油得率为18.6%。     

广藿香超临界流体萃取研究

研究了温度、压力、时间、CO2流量对超临界流体萃取广藿香产物得率的影响,并进行了最佳工艺优化。结果表明,广藿香CO2流体萃取的最佳工艺条件为：萃取压力30MPa、萃取温度50℃、CO2流量9kg／h,在此条件下产物得率为2．55％。     

莴苣籽油的超临界CO_2萃取工艺及其脂肪酸组成分析

以莴苣籽为原料,利用超临界CO2对其进行萃取。通过单因素实验考察了萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间、CO2流量、一次性投料量、粉碎粒度对莴苣籽油得率的影响。在单因素实验的基础上,采用正交实验优化了超临界CO2萃取莴苣籽油的最佳工艺,并采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术分析其脂肪酸组成。结果表明,超临界CO2萃取莴苣籽油的最佳工艺条件为:一次性投料量50 g,粉碎粒度24目,萃取压力30 MPa,萃取温度45℃,CO2流量6 L/min和萃取时间4 h。在最佳工艺条件下,莴苣籽油得率为17.92%。莴苣籽油脂肪酸组成主要为亚油酸(56.420%)、油酸(22.562%)、棕榈酸(7.795%),其中不饱和脂肪酸含量为86.682%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press