Web Services在中小型企业电子商务上的应用

随着Internet的迅速发展,WebServices技术正逐渐成为新一代电子商务发展的核心。通过使用WebServices,现代电子商务可以帮助个人或企业从Internet上收集到更多的信息。本文讨论了WebServices的概念、体系架构和标准,着重介绍了WebServices在中小型企业电子商务上的应用,并分别给出企业内部与外部应用的模型,最后结合实例对比说明了WebSer-vices在电子商务上的智能化优势。     

如何在中小型软件企业中实施CMM

由SEI（软件工程研究所）开发的CMM（能力成熟度模型）对全球软件业产品质量和管理水平的提高产生了深远的影响。它最初是为大型企业制定的，但其管理思想同样适合于中小企业。本文将对此进行论述并给出建设性意见。     

流固耦合仿真技术在中小型企业中的应用

随着有限元仿真技术的快速发展,流固耦合技术的应用范围越来越广.介绍3个典型的采用Abaqus等进行流固耦合仿真的应用案例.调查研究得出流固耦合仿真技术在中小型企业中的应用具有深层的意义和广阔的市场.     

基于MRUP的中小型项目软件开发设计

近年来,随着大数据时代的到来,数据化运算影响着各个领域的各个方面。在我国,传统中小型项目软件开发设计方法存在项目要素条件引入域窄、项目预期效果逻辑评估性差、运算处理分析速度慢等问题。针对传统中小型项目软件开发设计方法的现状,提出基于MRUP的中小型项目软件开发设计方法,采用MRUP大数据引擎、动态MIFGL项目评估算法、多路径处理运算模组,形成一套完整的立体化方法设计。通过实验证明,提出的基于MRUP的中小型项目软件开发设计具有项目分析要素涵盖面广、分析处理速度快、项目预期评估准确率高的特点。     

Software process improvement in small and medium software enterprises: a systematic review

Small and medium enterprises are a very important cog in the gears of the world economy. The software industry in most countries is composed of an industrial scheme that is made up mainly of small and medium software enterprises—SMEs. To strengthen these types of organizations, efficient Software Engineering practices are needed—practices which have been adapted to their size and type of business. Over the last two decades, the Software Engineering community has expressed special interest in software process improvement (SPI) in an effort to increase software product quality, as well as the productivity of software development. However, there is a widespread tendency to make a point of stressing that the success of SPI is only possible for large companies. In this article, a systematic review of published case studies on the SPI efforts carried out in SMEs is presented. Its objective is to analyse the existing approaches towards SPI which focus on SMEs and which report a case study carried out in industry. A further objective is that of discussing the significant issues related to this area of knowledge, and to provide an up-to-date state of the art, from which innovative research activities can be thought of and planned.

探索软件开发过程的CMM最佳实践方法

基于中、小型规模的软件开发特点,通过融合多种软件过程开发实践,保证快速、合理、低代价和清晰的软件开发过程控制基础上,作者基于工程实践的总结和归纳,提出一种基于组件构建软件系统的CMM和RUP的有序过程控制的最佳实践方法,该方法具有清晰过程控制、可被重复检验和理解,允许在软件过程中进行适应性的自我调整和完善。通过实际案例的统计和规律性分析,证明该种软件开发过程的最佳实践方法在实际的工程项目管理中具有较强的工程指导意义和现实参考价值。     

Requirements engineering in small and medium enterprises

Little is known about requirements engineering practices in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This paper summarises the results of a workshop on requirements engineering held with practitioners from 10 SMEs. The current state-of-the-practice, as reported by the practitioners, differs significantly, and so do their individual problems due to contextual issues (e.g., in-house vs. contract development, type of product). The participants were presented with a set of current requirements engineering principles, techniques, methods, and tools. Important concepts were motivated by small case studies and experiments which we employed as a vehicle for technology transfer. The design of these and their results are described, as well as the practitioner’s rating of the techniques and methods.     

Risk orientation in software testing processes of small and medium enterprises: an exploratory and comparative study

Risk orientation in testing is an important means to balance quality, time-to-market, and cost of software. Especially for small and medium enterprises (SME) under high competitive and economic pressure, risk orientation can help to focus testing activities on critical areas of a software product. Although several risk-based approaches to testing are available, the topic has so far not been investigated in the context of SME, where risks are often associated with business critical issues. This article fills the gap and explores the state of risk orientation in the testing processes of SME. Furthermore, it compares the state of risk-based testing in SME to the situation in large enterprises. The article is based on a multiple case study conducted with five SME. A previous study on risk-based testing in large enterprises is used as reference for investigating the differences between risk orientation in SME and large enterprises. The findings of our study show that a strong business focus, the use of informal risk concepts, as well as the application of risk knowledge to reduce testing cost and time are key differences of risk-based testing in SME compared to large enterprises.     

Study of the wireless/wire integration CRM Gateway for the effective application of Event CRM for small and medium sized enterprises

The CRM System, which maximizes business profits by pursuing a continuous relationship with customers, is based on an analytical CRM that sets up a marketing strategy by analyzing customer information. However, thanks to the technological development of the Internet and mobile phones, customer contact is being carried out through a variety of channels. Yet currently, the needs of customers are not being addressed in a timely manner due to a weak system that cannot immediately deal with customer requests and because of which customer information is not administered in a systematic manner.Therefore, rather than focusing on off-line-focused analytical CRM, it is necessary to concentrate on real time CRM that reflects the aspects of the operative or collaborative CRM. This study also develops an Event CRM solution that can bring satisfaction to customers when they want it by systematizing the contact points of customers, which constitute various institutions and channels.The CRM model that this study presents is the support of Event CRM services for all business types against the backdrop of a wireless/wire environment, and the support of small and medium sized companies, which are burdened by information management costs, to meet the demand for CRM.In order to present the wireless/wire integration CRM Gateway Model, the study focuses on insurance CRM services.When a customer event arises through various channels such as the Internet, SFA or CTI, the event data are transferred through a standardized form. Based on these data, the campaign and service is then extracted and analyzed with the Event CRM Gateway Engine. A match is immediately made between the saved rules and the campaign and services that best fit the customer. Finally, the information is provided to the customer via a mobile phone or website.     

An IT strategy development framework for small and medium enterprises

Information Systems and e-Business Management - We design and evaluate an IT strategy development framework for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The framework’s objective is to provide a...     

Change processes and ergonomic improvements in small and medium enterprises

This article deals with the question of how change processes can create ergonomic improvements in small‐ and medium‐sized industrial enterprises. Drawing on experiences from two described and analyzed case studies in small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) and from ISO 9000 implementation processes previously studied, a hypothetical change framework is suggested through a theory generating approach. It separates change into action‐driven change, which is an active experiential improvement process, and into vision‐driven change, which is of a visionary design character. The ability to bring about problem solving into action was important for the success of the change processes. Furthermore, the nature of different hampering mechanisms concerning ergonomic improvements is discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 14: 135–155, 2004.     

A secure e-Government platform architecture for small to medium sized public organizations

Small to medium sized public organizations (SMPOs) share some of their e-Government requirements with their larger counterparts, such as the pending needs for interoperability, security and user friendliness. Additionally, they have some specific needs that are either unique in their context or more demanding due to their characteristics. These are cost and resources considerations, enhanced accessibility and greater scalability due to the larger number of citizens and businesses served and automated processing because of the restricted number of trained personnel. This paper first proposes an architecture for a secure e-Government platform based on Web Services, which addresses the above requirements. Secondly, a specific service is built upon the proposed platform, in which a municipality generates and securely delivers a digital birth certificate to a citizen or another municipality.     

基于小型软件企业的软件过程改进模型的研究

软件过程改进是小型软件企业提高软件质量和生产率的必经之路.文章分析了集成软件能力成熟度模型CMMI、个体软件过程PSP和群组软件过程TSP三者之间的关系,并结合我国小型软件企业的特点,提出了一种适用于小型软件企业的过程改进模型.     

A novel lifecycle model for Web-based application development in small and medium enterprises

Software engineering’s lifecycle models have proven to be very important for traditional software development. However, can these models be applied to the development of Web-based applications as well? In recent years, Web-based applications have become more and more complicated and a lot of efforts have been placed on introducing new technologies such as J2EE, PhP, and.NET, etc., which have been universally accepted as the development technologies for Web-based applications. However, there is no universally accepted process model for the development of Web-based applications. Moreover, shaping the process model for small medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which have limited resources, has been relatively neglected. Based on our previous work, this paper presents an expanded lifecycle process model for the development of Web-based applications in SMEs. It consists of three sets of processes, i.e., requirement processes, development processes, and evolution processes. Particularly, the post-delivery evolution processes are important to SMEs to develop and maintain quality web applications with limited resources and time.     

The e-business capability of small and medium sized firms in international supply chains

The reality of trade is that it takes two or more parties to do business, and therefore the capabilities of both selling and buying firms are important. Where over 60% of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the USA and Canada have adopted some form of business process through a computer mediated network, such as the Internet, other countries have significantly lower adoption rates. In Asia and Latin America, where as many as 99% of all firms are classified as SMEs, low adoption rates may be an impediment to increased international trade. This paper takes a critical look at the existing research on adoption of e-business technology by SMEs internationally. In particular, we identify the gap in our knowledge about what makes SMEs in different countries capable of using the technology in their domestic and international supply chains. We present a typology of the business processes networked over computer-mediated processes from our preliminary empirical field research, interviewing 40 SMEs in Canada, Japan, China and Mexico. This is used to propose a model of international SME capability to guide future empirical research.     

A tool for early workstation design for small and medium enterprises evaluated in five cases

Five case studies on production line design were described to study the effect of an early design support tool. Based on these case studies, the simple, interactive, real‐time, medium‐fidelity, mixed‐reality methodology was not only found to be a good early design stage evaluative tool for ergonomics and workflow, but a teaching tool as well. Despite some drawbacks, such as limited accuracy, mixed‐reality simulation appears to be a good compromise between cost and fidelity, especially for small to medium‐sized manufacturing enterprises, and gives important information on the layout focused on high efficiency and healthy postures. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

SaaS模式的中小企业客户关系管理研究

客户关系管理是提高企业核心竞争力的关键之一,传统客户关系管理模式无法满足广大中小企业的需求。在讨论新的SaaS概念及SaaS模式与传统模式比较的基础上,分析了基于SaaS模式的中小企业客户关系管理优势,提出了基于SaaS模式的中小企业客户关系管理解决方案,构建了SaaS模式解决方案的逻辑体系结构,并指出了中小企业实施SaaS模式客户关系管理应注意的问题。     

Computer usage by small and medium sized European firms: An empirical study

The central concern of this study is: Why aren't more small and medium sized firms utilizing computers? A secondary point considered is: For firms that do have computer systems, what were the chief indicators and reasons for selecting a computer system? These questions were explored, primarily via questionnaires in France, West Germany and the Netherlands. A total of 267 valid responses were analyzed. A major conclusion of the study is that many small and medium sized firms do not utilize computers due to ignorance of their capabilities and a misunderstanding of the cost/ benefit factors involved.